Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Most-read articles are from the articles published in 2022 during the last three month.

Review Articles

Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review: Seungeun Ryoo, Miyoung Choi, Nam-Kyong Choi, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Jun Hee Woo, Byung-Joo Park, Sanghoon Oh; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(2):107-114. Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0325

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This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated psychiatric AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine in the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches of Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies 2.0. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023449422). Of the 301 articles initially selected, 7 were included in the final analysis. All studies reported on sleep disturbances, and 2 highlighted anxiety-related AEs. Sleep disorders like insomnia and narcolepsy were the most prevalent AEs, while depression was not reported. Our review suggests that these AEs may have been influenced by biological mechanisms as well as the broader psychosocial context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this study had limitations, such as a primary focus on the BNT162b2 vaccine and an observational study design, it offered a systematic, multi-vaccine analysis that fills a critical gap in the existing literature. This review underscores the need for continued surveillance of psychiatric AEs and guides future research to investigate underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, and inform clinical management.

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A review of the scientific literature on experimental toxicity studies of COVID-19 vaccines, with special attention to publications in toxicology journals
Jose L. Domingo
Archives of Toxicology.2024; 98(11): 3603. CrossRef

Pandemics: past, present, and future: multitasking challenges in need of cross-disciplinary, transdisciplinary, and multidisciplinary collaborative solutions: Amir Khorram-Manesh, Frederick Martin Burkle Jr, Krzysztof Goniewicz; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(4):267-285. Published online July 23, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0372

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

The extensive history of pandemics has spanned many centuries, profoundly impacting societies, economies, and public health, and thereby shaping the course of history in various ways. Advances in medicine, science, and public health practices have played a pivotal role in mitigating the effects of pandemics over time. This review explores the scientific landscape of contemporary pandemics, examining their diverse and complex nature. It goes beyond the biological aspects of pandemics to consider socioeconomic, environmental, and technological factors. Through a scientific lens, this study aims to understand the complexities of pandemics and contribute to the expanding knowledge base that helps humanity strengthen its defenses against global health threats. By elucidating the enigmas of pandemics, the study hopes to foster a more resilient and prepared global health environment. Highlighting the importance of a multidisciplinary, cross-disciplinary, and transdisciplinary approach, this exploration emphasizes the critical need to integrate biological, socioeconomic, environmental, and technological domains to develop more robust defenses against these global health challenges.

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Shaping Safety: Unveiling the Dynamics of Incident Reporting and Safety Culture in Saudi Arabian Healthcare
Hind Alsahli, Ahmed Al-Wathinani, Tariq Althobaiti, Mohammed Abahussain, Krzysztof Goniewicz
Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare.2024; Volume 17: 3775. CrossRef
The Impacts of Narcissistic Leadership on Achieving the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals—A Scoping Review
Amir Khorram-Manesh, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Frederick M. Burkle
Challenges.2024; 15(3): 37. CrossRef
Global Health Emergencies of Extreme Drought Events: Historical Impacts and Future Preparedness
Zakaria A. Mani, Amir Khorram-Manesh, Krzysztof Goniewicz
Atmosphere.2024; 15(9): 1137. CrossRef
The Effectiveness and Benefits of Disaster Simulation Training for Undergraduate Medical Students in Saudi Arabia [Letter]
Ahmed Al-Wathinani, Krzysztof Goniewicz
Advances in Medical Education and Practice.2024; Volume 15: 1173. CrossRef

Original Article

Estimating the prevalence of oral manifestations in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review: Ankita Gupta, Kriti Shrivastav, Amit Agrawal, Abhishek Purohit, Roshan Chanchlani; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(5):388-417. Published online September 19, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0033

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Objectives
Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present with a variety of oral manifestations. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review to estimate the prevalence of oral lesions among COVID-19 patients. Methods: An extensive literature search of several electronic bibliographic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Litcovid) was conducted to retrieve all articles published in the English language from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2023 that reported the prevalence of oral manifestations among COVID-19 patients. A meta-analysis of pooled prevalence was performed using Jamovi ver. 2.3 (2022). The I2 and Q statistics were used to assess heterogeneity between studies, and p-values <0.01 were considered statistically significant. Results: In total, 79 studies with data from 13,252 patients were included. The articles were predominantly published in 2020 (n=33), and Italy was the most common country (n=14). Most of the affected patients more than 50 years old and women (56.6%). The most common sites of involvement were the tongue (n=65), followed by the oral mucosa (n=37) and lips (n=19). High heterogeneity was found between studies. The most common oral manifestation was taste alteration, followed by xerostomia and ulceration, showing pooled prevalence rates of 48%, 35%, and 21%, respectively. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients show various oral manifestations that may help clinicians identify the disease promptly. Recognition of the signs and symptoms of COVID-19 is critical for an early diagnosis and better prognosis.

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pathology and cell tropism in tongue tissues of COVID-19 autopsies
Longda Ma, Qian Liu, Manli Wang, Liang Liu, Zhihong Hu, Yiwu Zhou, Jia Liu
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Impact of COVID-19 Disease on the Development of Osteomyelitis of Jaws: A Systematic Review
Emmanouil Vardas, Daniela Adamo, Federica Canfora, Maria Kouri, Konstantina Delli, Michele Davide Mignogna, Nikolaos Nikitakis
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(15): 4290. CrossRef
Painful ulcerations associated with COVID-19 in an adolescent patient: a case report
David O. Danesh, Kyulim Lee, Rebecca G. Wallihan, Janice A. Townsend, Ira Mulo, Ashok Kumar
Frontiers in Dental Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Review Articles

Yersinia pestis antibiotic resistance: a systematic review: Chen Lei, Suresh Kumar; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(1):24-36. Published online February 18, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0288

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Abstract PDF

Yersinia pestis, the cause of plague and a potential biological weapon, has always been a threatening pathogen. Some strains of Y. pestis have varying degrees of antibiotic resistance. Thus, this systematic review was conducted to alert clinicians to this pathogen’s potential antimicrobial resistance. A review of the literature was conducted for experimental reports and systematic reviews on the topics of plague, Y. pestis, and antibiotic resistance. From 1995 to 2021, 7 Y. pestis isolates with 4 antibiotic resistance mechanisms were reported. In Y. pestis 17/95, 16/95, and 2180H, resistance was mediated by transferable plasmids. Each plasmid contained resistance genes encoded within specific transposons. Strain 17/95 presented multiple drug resistance, since plasmid 1202 contained 10 resistance determinants. Strains 16/95 and 2180H showed single antibiotic resistance because both additional plasmids in these strains carried only 1 antimicrobial determinant. Strains 12/87, S19960127, 56/13, and 59/13 exhibited streptomycin resistance due to an rpsl gene mutation, a novel mechanism that was discovered recently. Y. pestis can acquire antibiotic resistance in nature not only via conjugative transfer of antimicrobial-resistant plasmids from other bacteria, but also by gene point mutations. Global surveillance should be strengthened to identify antibiotic-resistant Y. pestis strains by whole-genome sequencing and drug susceptibility testing.

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Seek and you shall find: Yersinia enterocolitica in Ireland’s drinking water
James Powell, Maureen Daly, Nuala H. O’Connell, Colum P. Dunne
Irish Journal of Medical Science (1971 -).2024; 193(4): 1885. CrossRef
A novel sORF gene mutant strain of Yersinia pestis vaccine EV76 offers enhanced safety and improved protection against plague
Xiao Guo, Youquan Xin, Zehui Tong, Shiyang Cao, Yuan Zhang, Gengshan Wu, Hongyan Chen, Tong Wang, Yajun Song, Qingwen Zhang, Ruifu Yang, Zongmin Du, Gregory P. Priebe
PLOS Pathogens.2024; 20(3): e1012129. CrossRef
Interaction between Yersinia pestis Ail Outer Membrane Protein and the C-Terminal Domain of Human Vitronectin
Laurine Vasseur, Florent Barbault, Antonio Monari
The Journal of Physical Chemistry B.2024; 128(16): 3929. CrossRef
Integrated Computational Analysis of Physicochemical Features, Biological Properties, Kinase Target Prediction and Biotransformation Pathways in Drug Discovery
Mohamed Sabri Bensaad, Dhiya Eddine Bensaad, Mohamed Amine Kahoul, Dania S. Waggas, Roua S. Baty, Rokayya Sami, Hamsa Jameel Banjer, Siraj B. Alharthi, Ruqaiah I. Bedaiwi, Zeyad M. Alharbi, Mohammad A. Alanazi, Nouf H. Alsubhi, Ashwaq M. Al-Nazawi, Nada A
International Journal of Pharmacology.2024; 20(5): 748. CrossRef
Emerging Microorganisms and Infectious Diseases: One Health Approach for Health Shared Vision
Maria Vittoria Ristori, Valerio Guarrasi, Paolo Soda, Nicola Petrosillo, Fiorella Gurrieri, Umile Giuseppe Longo, Massimo Ciccozzi, Elisabetta Riva, Silvia Angeletti
Genes.2024; 15(7): 908. CrossRef
Screening of promising molecules against potential drug targets in Yersinia pestis by integrative pan and subtractive genomics, docking and simulation approach
Lei Chen, Lihu Zhang, Yanping Li, Liang Qiao, Suresh Kumar
Archives of Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Plasmonic-Enhanced Colorimetric Lateral Flow Immunoassays Using Bimetallic Silver-Coated Gold Nanostars
Supriya Atta, Yuanhao Zhao, Sebastian Sanchez, Deven Seedial, Jasmine Pramila Devadhasan, Alexander Jarrett Summers, Marcellene A. Gates-Hollingsworth, Kathryn J Pflughoeft, Jian Gu, Douglas C. Montgomery, David P. AuCoin, Frederic Zenhausern, Tuan Vo-Din
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.2024; 16(40): 54907. CrossRef
Madagascar’s Plague: One Health Research Aims to Slow Its Spread
Wendee Nicole
Environmental Health Perspectives.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Rapid Induction of Protective Immunity against Pneumonic Plague by Yersinia pestis Polymeric F1 and LcrV Antigens
Moshe Aftalion, Avital Tidhar, Yaron Vagima, David Gur, Ayelet Zauberman, Tzvi Holtzman, Arik Makovitzki, Theodor Chitlaru, Emanuelle Mamroud, Yinon Levy
Vaccines.2023; 11(3): 581. CrossRef
Antibiotic resistance in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: broad-spectrum drug target identification using subtractive genomics
Umairah Natasya Mohd Omeershffudin, Suresh Kumar
Genomics & Informatics.2023; 21(1): e5. CrossRef
Polyclonal Antibodies Derived from Transchromosomic Bovines Vaccinated with the Recombinant F1-V Vaccine Increase Bacterial Opsonization In Vitro and Protect Mice from Pneumonic Plague
Sergei S. Biryukov, Hua Wu, Jennifer L. Dankmeyer, Nathaniel O. Rill, Christopher P. Klimko, Kristi A. Egland, Jennifer L. Shoe, Melissa Hunter, David P. Fetterer, Ju Qiu, Michael L. Davies, Christoph L. Bausch, Eddie J. Sullivan, Thomas Luke, Christopher
Antibodies.2023; 12(2): 33. CrossRef
New Bacteriophages with Podoviridal Morphotypes Active against Yersinia pestis: Characterization and Application Potential
Tamar Suladze, Ekaterine Jaiani, Marina Darsavelidze, Maia Elizbarashvili, Olivier Gorge, Ia Kusradze, Tamar Kokashvili, Nino Lashkhi, George Tsertsvadze, Nino Janelidze, Svetlana Chubinidze, Marina Grdzelidze, Shota Tsanava, Eric Valade, Marina Tediashvi
Viruses.2023; 15(7): 1484. CrossRef
Characterization of Mu-Like Yersinia Phages Exhibiting Temperature Dependent Infection
Biao Meng, Zhizhen Qi, Xiang Li, Hong Peng, Shanzheng Bi, Xiao Wei, Yan Li, Qi Zhang, Xiaoqing Xu, Haihong Zhao, Xiaoyan Yang, Changjun Wang, Xiangna Zhao, Olaya Rendueles
Microbiology Spectrum.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Ancient Yersinia pestis genomes lack the virulence-associated Ypf Φ prophage present in modern pandemic strains
Joanna H. Bonczarowska, Julian Susat, Ben Krause-Kyora, Dorthe Dangvard Pedersen, Jesper Boldsen, Lars Agersnap Larsen, Lone Seeberg, Almut Nebel, Daniel Unterweger
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sci.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
A situation analysis of the current plague outbreak in the Demographic Republic of Congo and counteracting strategies – Correspondence
Ranjit Sah, Abdullah Reda, Rachana Mehta, Ranjan K. Mohapatra, Kuldeep Dhama
International Journal of Surgery.2022; 105: 106885. CrossRef
Antimicrobial resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae: identification of bacterial DNA adenine methyltransferase as a novel drug target from hypothetical proteins using subtractive genomics
Umairah Natasya Mohd Omeershffudin, Suresh Kumar
Genomics & Informatics.2022; 20(4): e47. CrossRef

Effects of medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Hae Ok Jeon, Myung-Ock Chae, Ahrin Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(5):328-340. Published online October 12, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0168

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Abstract PDF

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand the characteristics of medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses, and to investigate the average effect size by combining the individual effects of these interventions. Data from studies meeting the inclusion criteria were systematically collected in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The results showed that the average effect size (Hedges’ g) of the finally selected medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses calculated using a random-effects model was 0.500 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.342−0.659). Of the medication adherence interventions, an implementation intention intervention (using face-to-face meetings and telephone monitoring with personalized behavioral strategies) and a health belief model–based educational program were found to be highly effective. Face-to-face counseling was a significantly effective method of implementing medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses (Hedges’ g=0.531, 95% CI, 0.186−0.877), while medication adherence interventions through education and telehealth counseling were not effective. This study verified the effectiveness of personalized behavioral change strategies and cognitive behavioral therapy based on the health belief model, as well as face-to-face meetings, as medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses.

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Health Behavior Change to Mitigate Dementia Risk: An Updated Review
Victoria Sanborn, Jennifer D. Davis, Laura E. Korthauer
Current Geriatrics Reports.2024; 13(3): 162. CrossRef
Relationship Between Depression and Medication Adherence Among Chronic Disease Patients in the Middle East
Abdulrahman O Alomar, Rakan H Khushaim, Shahad K Al-Ghanem, Abeer T Bin Jumaiah, Suhail M Albaqami, Lujain A Alleft, Eman A Abahussain
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and Preliminary Psychometric Testing of a Brief Tool to Measure Medication Adherence in Older Populations
Paolo Iovino, Paola Obbia, Vincenzo De Luca, Clara Donnoli, Lola Patumi, Lisa Leonardini, Ernesto Palummeri, Manuela Ruatta, Anna Basso, Yari Longobucco, Laura Rasero, Giuseppe Liotta, Maddalena Illario
Clinical Interventions in Aging.2024; Volume 19: 1765. CrossRef

Brief Report

Isolation and identification of monkeypox virus MPXV-ROK-P1-2022 from the first case in the Republic of Korea: Jin-Won Kim, Minji Lee, Hwachul Shin, Chi-Hwan Choi, Myung-Min Choi, Jee Woong Kim, Hwajung Yi, Cheon-Kwon Yoo, Gi-Eun Rhie; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(4):308-311. Published online August 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0232

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Objectives
Monkeypox outbreaks in nonendemic countries have been reported since early May 2022. The first case of monkeypox in the Republic of Korea was confirmed in a patient who traveled to Europe in June 2022, and an attempt was made to isolate and identify the monkeypox virus (MPXV) from the patient’s specimens.
Methods
Clinical specimens from the patient were inoculated in Vero E6 cells. The isolated virus was identified as MPXV by the observation of cytopathic effects on Vero E6 cells, transmission electron microscopy, conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and sequencing of PCR products.
Results
Cytopathic effects were observed in Vero E6 cells that were inoculated with skin lesion swab eluates. After multiple passages from the primary culture, orthopoxvirus morphology was observed using transmission electron microscopy. In addition, both MPXV-specific (F3L and ATI) and orthopoxvirus-specific genes (A39R, B2R, and HA) were confirmed by conventional PCR and Sanger sequencing.
Conclusion
These results indicate the successful isolation and identification of MPXV from the first patient in the Republic of Korea. The isolated virus was named MPXV-ROK-P1-2022.

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Ultrasensitive one-pot detection of monkeypox virus with RPA and CRISPR in a sucrose-aided multiphase aqueous system
Yue Wang, Yixin Tang, Yukang Chen, Guangxi Yu, Xue Zhang, Lihong Yang, Chenjie Zhao, Pei Wang, Song Gao, Frederick S. B. Kibenge, Ruijie Deng, Wei Chen, Shuang Yang
Microbiology Spectrum.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Molecular Methods for Diagnosis of Monkeypox: A Mini-review
Rodrigo Michelini de Oliveira Thomasi, Thais da Silva Correa, Dalise Silva do Carmo, Déborah Fernandes Rodrigues, Luiz Vinicius da Silva Correa, Sandra Rodrigues Xavier, Líria Souza Silva, Jonatas Oliveira da Silva, Michelli dos Santos, Alessandra da Silv
Current Molecular Medicine.2024; 24(10): 1208. CrossRef
Epidemiological, Clinical, and Virological Investigation of the First Four Cases of Monkeypox in Cartagena during the 2022 Outbreak
Steev Loyola, Mashiel Fernández-Ruiz, Doris Gómez-Camargo
Pathogens.2023; 12(2): 159. CrossRef
원숭이두창바이러스의 분리 배양과 전장유전체 정보 분석
민지 이, 진원 김, 치환 최, 화철 신, 명민 최, 상은 이, 화중 이, 윤석 정
Public Health Weekly Report.2023; 16(15): 464. CrossRef
Overview of Diagnostic Methods, Disease Prevalence and Transmission of Mpox (Formerly Monkeypox) in Humans and Animal Reservoirs
Ravendra P. Chauhan, Ronen Fogel, Janice Limson
Microorganisms.2023; 11(5): 1186. CrossRef
How to cope with suspected mpox patients in the outpatient clinic
Nam Joong Kim, Sun Huh
Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2023; 66(5): 325. CrossRef
An Updated Review on Monkeypox Viral Disease: Emphasis on Genomic Diversity
Ali Rabaan, Nada Alasiri, Mohammed Aljeldah, Abeer Alshukairiis, Zainab AlMusa, Wadha Alfouzan, Abdulmonem Abuzaid, Aref Alamri, Hani Al-Afghani, Nadira Al-baghli, Nawal Alqahtani, Nadia Al-baghli, Mashahed Almoutawa, Maha Mahmoud Alawi, Mohammed Alabdull
Biomedicines.2023; 11(7): 1832. CrossRef
Monkeypox (Mpox) virus isolation and ultrastructural characterisation from a Brazilian human sample case
Milene Dias Miranda, Gabriela Cardoso Caldas, Vivian Neuza Ferreira, Ortrud Monika Barth, Aline de Paula Dias da Silva, Mayara Secco Torres Silva, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Valdiléa Gonçalves Veloso, Thiago Moreno Souza, Edson Elias da Silva, Debora Ferreira Ba
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Isolation and Characterization of Monkeypox Virus from the First Case of Monkeypox — Chongqing Municipality, China, 2022
Baoying Huang, Hua Zhao, Jingdong Song, Li Zhao, Yao Deng, Wen Wang, Roujian Lu, Wenling Wang, Jiao Ren, Fei Ye, Houwen Tian, Guizhen Wu, Hua Ling, Wenjie Tan
China CDC Weekly.2022; 4(46): 1019. CrossRef

Review Article

Global prevalence of enterobiasis in young children over the past 20 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Elham Kia Lashaki, Azadeh Mizani, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Bentolhoda Habibi, Khadijeh Taherkhani, Amir Javadi, AliReza Taremiha, Samira Dodangeh; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(6):441-450. Published online December 28, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0204

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Parasitic infections are the most common diseases worldwide, and enterobiasis is a common parasitic infection in children. Various studies have reported on the prevalence of Enterobius vermicularis in different regions of the world. However, no study has gathered and analyzed this data systematically. Our systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the overall prevalence of E. vermicularis among children globally. Data were extracted from 4 available databases for studies published from January 2002 to April 2022. The quality of the included studies was scored based on the standard Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology. A random-effect model was chosen to calculate the pooled prevalence and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) according to the degree of heterogeneity in the included studies. Thus, 40 publications (42 data sets) that included 3,279 children with enterobiasis met all criteria and were included in the analysis. The meta-analysis showed that heterogeneity among the included studies was high (Q=4,399.35, I2=99.96%; df=41; p<0.001). The pooled global prevalence of enterobiasis among the studied children was 12.9% (95% CI, 8.2%–17.7%). Our systematic review and meta-analysis estimated that, for the past 20 years, 12.9% of children around the world have been infected with E. vermicularis.

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Development of a Machine Learning Model for the Classification of Enterobius vermicularis Egg
Natthanai Chaibutr, Pongphan Pongpanitanont, Sakhone Laymanivong, Tongjit Thanchomnang, Penchom Janwan
Journal of Imaging.2024; 10(9): 212. CrossRef
Global burden of soil-transmitted helminth infections, 1990–2021
Jin Chen, Yanfeng Gong, Qin Chen, Shizhu Li, Yibiao Zhou
Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Original Articles

Individual and contextual factors associated with measles infection in Malaysia: a multilevel analysis: Mohd Rujhan Hadfi Mat Daud, Nor Azwany Yaacob, Wan Nor Arifin, Jamiatul Aida Md Sani, Wan Abdul Hannan Wan Ibadullah; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(5):429-439. Published online August 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0156

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
Despite effective vaccination strategies, measles remains a global public health challenge. The study explored individual and contextual factors associated with measles infection in Malaysia from 2018 to 2022, informing the development of targeted public health interventions. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilised data from the Ministry of Health, the Department of Statistics, and the Department of Environment Malaysia. Multilevel logistic regression analysis was employed to examine individual-level factors, including age, sex, ethnicity, nationality, contact history, travel history, and vaccination status. Concurrently, contextual factors were assessed, encompassing district-level determinants such as population density, median household income, urbanisation, the number of health and rural clinics, vaccination rates, fine particulate matter less than 2.5 μm (PM2.5) levels, relative humidity, and temperature, to determine their impact on measles infection risk. Results: Measles infection was significantly associated with various individual factors. These included age (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02–1.03), ethnicity, non-Malaysian nationality (aOR, 34.53; 95% CI, 8.42– 141.51), prior contact with a measles case (aOR, 2.36; 95% CI, 2.07–2.69), travel history (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.13–4.70), and vaccination status (aOR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.72–0.79). Among contextual factors, urbanisation (aOR, 1.56; 95% CI, 1.16– 2.10) and the number of clinics (aOR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.97–0.99) were significant determinants. Conclusion: This multilevel logistic regression analysis illuminates the complexities of measles transmission, advocating public health interventions tailored to individual and contextual vulnerabilities. The findings highlight the need for a synergistic approach that combines vaccination campaigns, healthcare accessibility improvements, and socioeconomic interventions to effectively combat measles.

Chronic kidney disease in Indonesia: evidence from a national health survey: Puti Sari Hidayangsih, Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini, Noor Edi Widya Sukoco, Nikson Sitorus, Ika Dharmayanti, Feri Ahmadi; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(1):23-30. Published online February 14, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0290

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
Several previous studies have stated that consuming certain foods and beverages might increase the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study aimed to examine the relationships of food and beverage consumption with other risk factors for CKD. Methods: Data sources included the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) and the National Socio-Economic Survey (Susenas), which were analyzed using a cross-sectional design. The study samples were households from 34 provinces in Indonesia, and the analysis was performed with provincial aggregates. Data were analyzed using risk factor analysis followed by linear regression to identify relationships with CKD. Results: The prevalence of CKD in Indonesia was 0.38%. The province with the highest prevalence was North Kalimantan (0.64%), while the lowest was found in West Sulawesi (0.18%). Five major groups were formed from 15 identified risk factors using factor analysis. A linear regression model presented 1 significant selected factor (p=0.006, R2 =31%). The final model of risk factors included water quality, consumption of fatty foods, and a history of diabetes. Conclusion: Drinking water quality, fatty food consumption, and diabetes are associated with CKD. There is a need to monitor drinking water, as well as to promote health education and provide comprehensive services for people with diabetes, to prevent CKD.

Review Articles

India’s efforts to achieve 1.5 billion COVID-19 vaccinations: a narrative review: Kapil Singh, Ashwani Verma, Monisha Lakshminarayan; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(5):316-327. Published online October 14, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0104

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

The initial case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in India was reported on January 30, 2020, and subsequently, the number of COVID-19-infected patients surged during the first wave of April 2020 and the second wave in the same month of 2021. The government of India imposed a strict nationwide lockdown in April 2020 and extended it until May 2020. The second wave of COVID-19 in India overwhelmed the country’s health facilities and exhausted its medical and paramedical workforce. This narrative review was conducted with the aim of summarizing the evidence drawn from policy documents of governmental and non-governmental organizations, as well as capturing India's COVID-19 vaccination efforts. The findings from this review cover the Indian government's vaccination initiatives, which ranged from steps taken to combat vaccine hesitancy to vaccination roadmaps, deployment plans, the use of digital health technology, vaccination monitoring, adverse effects, and innovative strategies such as Har Ghar Dastak and Jan Bhagidari Andolan (people’s participation). These efforts collectively culminated in the successful administration of more than 1.8 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines in India. This review also provides insights into other countries’ responses to COVID-19 and guidance for future pandemics.

Citations

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Developments and Trends of Immunization in India: A Narrative Review
Pratik P Tawde, Zahiruddin Quazi, Abhay Gaidhane, Sonali G Choudhari
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Digital health technology used in emergency large-scale vaccination campaigns in low- and middle-income countries: a narrative review for improved pandemic preparedness
Paula Mc Kenna, Lindsay A. Broadfield, Annik Willems, Serge Masyn, Theresa Pattery, Ruxandra Draghia-Akli
Expert Review of Vaccines.2023; 22(1): 243. CrossRef
Media Reporting Relating to COVID-19 Vaccination as a Driver of Vaccine Hesitancy Prior to the Second Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in India: A Content Analysis of Newspaper and Digital Media Reports
Saurav Basu, Himanshi Sharma
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
An assessment of the strategy and status of COVID-19 vaccination in India
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Strategies to combat Gram-negative bacterial resistance to conventional antibacterial drugs: a review: Priyanka Bhowmik, Barkha Modi, Parijat Roy, Antarika Chowdhury; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(5):333-346. Published online October 18, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0323

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

The emergence of antimicrobial resistance raises the fear of untreatable diseases. Antimicrobial resistance is a multifaceted and dynamic phenomenon that is the cumulative result of different factors. While Gram-positive pathogens, such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium difficile, were previously the most concerning issues in the field of public health, Gram-negative pathogens are now of prime importance. The World Health Organization’s priority list of pathogens mostly includes multidrug-resistant Gram-negative organisms particularly carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales, carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. The spread of Gram-negative bacterial resistance is a global issue, involving a variety of mechanisms. Several strategies have been proposed to control resistant Gram-negative bacteria, such as the development of antimicrobial auxiliary agents and research into chemical compounds with new modes of action. Another emerging trend is the development of naturally derived antibacterial compounds that aim for targets novel areas, including engineered bacteriophages, probiotics, metal-based antibacterial agents, odilorhabdins, quorum sensing inhibitors, and microbiome-modifying agents. This review focuses on the current status of alternative treatment regimens against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, aiming to provide a snapshot of the situation and some information on the broader context.

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Effectiveness of virtual reality-supported exercise therapy in improving upper extremity function and activities of daily living among patients after stroke: a systematic review of randomized control trials: Priyanshi Dixit, Uma Phalswal, Nipin Kalal, Saumya P. Srivastava; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(3):189-200. Published online May 24, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0148

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Objectives
This systematic review describes the effectiveness of virtual reality (VR)-supported exercise therapy on upper limb motor function and activities of daily living after stroke. Methods: Studies published through January 24, 2022, were identified using CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, and Web of Science. Randomized control trials comparing VR treatment with conventional therapy (CT) for upper extremity rehabilitation after stroke were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Results: Of 9 included studies, 5 concluded that the VR group outperformed control participants, 1 indicated the superiority of VR-supported exercises alone over CT, and 3 found VR comparable to CT in promoting upper limb motor function. Five studies analyzed independence in daily living, with 4 reporting no significant difference between VR and CT groups. No strong evidence indicated long-term benefits of VR-assisted exercise. All included studies demonstrated low risk of bias concerning random sequence generation, allocation concealment, outcome assessment blinding, incomplete outcome data, and selective reporting bias. However, a high risk of bias was observed regarding participant blinding due to the nature of the intervention. Conclusion: Most studies suggested that VR, used alongside CT, can improve motor function following stroke. However, the evidence was insufficient to conclude that VR outperforms conventional approaches.

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Original Articles

Associations of type and intensity of social participation with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction among community-dwelling older adults in the Republic of Korea: a nationwide cross-sectional study: Myo-Gyeong Kim, Sookja Choi; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(5):451-460. Published online August 21, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0039

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
Social activities are important and influential factors for healthy aging. However, limited information is available regarding the associations of the type and intensity of social participation with health and well-being. This study aimed to investigate how various types of social activities are associated with several dimensions of health outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Seventh Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which included 5,526 adults aged 60 years and older. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the associations of social activities with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. Additionally, subgroup analyses by sex and age were performed. Results: Among the participants, 73.5% reported involvement in at least 1 of the 4 types of social engagement. After adjustment for all covariates, individuals who participated in any social activity reported better self-rated health and higher life satisfaction compared to those who did not participate. However, the intensity of engagement in different social activities had varying impacts on subjective health outcomes. An increased level of participation was associated with a lower rate of depression and improved self-rated health. However, no significant differences were observed in the relationship between the intensity of participation in activities (with the exception of alumni societies or family councils) and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study suggests that to improve their health, older adults in the Republic of Korea should not only engage in social activities but also do so actively and regularly.

Immunoinformatics approach for design novel multi-epitope prophylactic and therapeutic vaccine based on capsid proteins L1 and L2 and oncoproteins E6 and E7 of human papillomavirus 16 and human papillomavirus 18 against cervical cancer: Nicholas Ryan, Sari Eka Pratiwi, Mardhia Mardhia, Ysrafil Ysrafil, Delima Fajar Liana, Mahyarudin Mahyarudin; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(4):307-328. Published online July 23, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0013

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study aimed to identify the optimal protein construction for designing a multi-epitope vaccine with both prophylactic and therapeutic effects against cervical cancer, utilizing an immunoinformatics approach. The construction process involved using capsid epitopes L1 and L2, as well as oncoproteins E5, E6, and E7 from human papillomavirus (HPV) types 16 and 18.
Methods
An experimental in silico analysis with an immunoinformatics approach was used to develop 2 multi-epitope vaccine constructs (A and B). Further analysis was then conducted to compare the constructs and select the one with the highest potential against cervical cancer.
Results
This study produced 2 antigenic, non-allergenic, and nontoxic multi-epitope vaccine constructs (A and B), which exhibited the ideal physicochemical properties for a vaccine. Further analysis revealed that construct B effectively induced both cellular and humoral immune responses.
Conclusion
The multi-epitope vaccine construct B for HPV 16 and 18, designed for both prophylactic and therapeutic purposes, met the development criteria for a cervical cancer vaccine. However, these findings need to be validated through in vitro and in vivo experiments.

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Modulation of epithelial homeostasis by HPV using Notch and Wnt
June See Chong, John Doorbar
Tumour Virus Research.2024; 18: 200297. CrossRef

Menstrual hygiene management and its determinants among adolescent girls in low-income urban areas of Delhi, India: a community-based study: Suneela Garg, Nidhi Bhatnagar, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh, Saurav Basu, Amod Borle, Yamini Marimuthu, Falak Azmi, Yomri Dabi, Indu Bala; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(4):273-281. Published online August 31, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0127

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335 Download
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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) in developing countries is linked to human rights, social justice, and the education and empowerment of young girls. The objective of this study was to assess menstrual hygiene practices and their determinants among adolescent girls, including school dropouts, and the effects of pad distribution programs in urban resettlement areas of Delhi, India.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2019 to February 2020 in urban resettlement colonies and 2 villages of Delhi among 1,130 adolescent girls aged 10 to 19 years, who were interviewed face to face.
Results
In total, 954 participants (84.4%) used only disposable sanitary pads, 150 (13.3%) used both sanitary pads and cloths, and 26 (2.3%) used only cloths (n=1,130). Most school-going girls utilized the scheme for pad distribution, but only two-thirds of the girls who were out of school utilized the scheme. In the adjusted analysis, girls with lower educational status, those who had dropped out of school, and those from the Muslim religious community were more likely to use cloths for MHM.
Conclusion
More than 4 out of 5 adolescent girls in Delhi in low-income neighborhoods preferred sanitary pads for MHM. The government free pad scheme reached near-universal utilization among school-going girls (97%), but the subsidized pad scheme for girls who did not attend school was insufficiently utilized (75%).

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Factors Associated with Exclusive Use of Hygienic Methods during Menstruation among Adolescent Girls (15–19 Years) in Urban India: Evidence from NFHS-5
Doli Roy, Nuruzzaman Kasemi, Manik Halder, Malasree Majumder
Heliyon.2024; 10(8): e29731. CrossRef
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Akanksha Goyal, Sunita Agarwal
Archives of Medicine and Health Sciences.2024; 12(1): 73. CrossRef
Menstrual practice needs among college going women in Coimbatore district, India: an analytical cross-sectional study
Vijayakumar Ramya, Mohan Kumar, Jeevithan Shanmugam, N. Seetharaman, Sushmitha Mahanshetty, Srihari Dhandapani, P. Aparnavi, Thavansree Durairaj, Ramesh Rathinamoorthy
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Menstrual Hygiene Problems and Challenges Faced by Adolescent Females in Rural Areas: A Narrative Review
Vijiya Kashyap, Sonali G Choudhari
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Imdadul Haque Talukdar, M.A. Rifat, Plabon Sarkar, Nobonita Saha, Mesfin Kassaye Tessma, Md. Ibrahim Miah
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental.2023; 254: 114268. CrossRef
Menstrual hygiene practices among adolescent women in rural India: a cross-sectional study
Aditya Singh, Mahashweta Chakrabarty, Shivani Singh, Rakesh Chandra, Sourav Chowdhury, Anshika Singh
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

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