Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Original Articles

Effects of Physical Activity on Depression in Adults with Diabetes: Deok-Ju Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(4):143-149. Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.4.02

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Objectives

The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of physical activity in adults with diabetes and to investigate the effect of physical activity on depression.

Methods

The present study was conducted using data from the 2^nd year of the 6^th Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. From the total of 7,550 individuals, 418 adults diagnosed with diabetes were selected as participants, and their physical activity and depression levels were examined.

Results

The physical activity status of the participants showed that they did not usually engage in physical activities at work, and only a few participants were involved in moderate intensity physical leisure activity. Apart from walking for 10 minutes each day, which accounted for 1/3 of the participants, most of the participants did not engage in specific forms of exercise. An examination of the effects of physical activity on depression revealed that moderate intensity physical activity at work and leisure influenced depression. In terms of demographic characteristics, gender, occupation, income quintile, and subjective health status were all found to affect depression.

Conclusion

For elderly (60 years or older) patients with diabetes, which accounted for the majority of the diabetic population, a systematic leisure program and professional education are necessary to help them to manage stress and depression in daily life. Additionally, provision of community and family support should encourage regular, moderate intensity exercise and promote lifestyle changes to encourage increased physical activity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of comorbid depression and associated factors among hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Hunan, China
Rehanguli Maimaitituerxun, Wenhang Chen, Jingsha Xiang, Atipatsa C. Kaminga, Xin Yin Wu, Letao Chen, Jianzhou Yang, Aizhong Liu, Wenjie Dai
BMC Psychiatry.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Barriers & facilitators to physical activity in people with depression and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: A qualitative study to explore perspectives of patient participants, carers and healthcare staff
Aatik Arsh, Saima Afaq, Claire Carswell, Karen Coales, Najma Siddiqi
Mental Health and Physical Activity.2023; 25: 100542. CrossRef
Moderating Effect of Grip Strength in the Association between Diabetes Mellitus and Depressive Symptomatology
Diogo Veiga, Miguel Peralta, Élvio R. Gouveia, Laura Carvalho, Jorge Encantado, Pedro J. Teixeira, Adilson Marques
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Bhina Patria
BMC Public Health.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Triad of impairment in older people with diabetes-reciprocal relations and clinical implications
A.H. Abdelhafiz, P.C. Davies, A.J. Sinclair
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2020; 161: 108065. CrossRef
Association between exercise and health-related quality of life and medical resource use in elderly people with diabetes: a cross-sectional population-based study
Chien-Cheng Huang, Chien-Chin Hsu, Chong-Chi Chiu, Hung-Jung Lin, Jhi-Joung Wang, Shih-Feng Weng
BMC Geriatrics.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Challenges and Strategies for Diabetes Management in Community-Living Older Adults
Alan J. Sinclair, Ahmed H. Abdelhafiz
Diabetes Spectrum.2020; 33(3): 217. CrossRef

Comparative Analysis of the Trends in Medical Utilization of Cancer Inpatients in Korea: Hyun-Ju Lee, Sung-Soo Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2017;8(5):342-350. Published online October 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.5.08

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Abstract PDF: Objectives
Cancer has attracted worldwide attention. The incidence and prevalence are increasing, and it is the main cause of death. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of hospitalized cancer patients.
Methods
This study is a secondary data study using the Korean National Hospital Discharge In-depth Injury Survey Data conducted annually by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Using these data, we extracted inpatients who principal diagnosis is cancer for nine years from 2005 to 2013.
Results
According to the analysis, the annual trend of cancer inpatients is steadily increasing. In 2025, it is expected to increase to about 670,000 inpatients. A cancer diagnosis created a change in medical utilization depending on the characteristics of patients and hospital. Men are more at risk of cancer than women. The number of hospital beds and hospital days were inversely proportional to cancer inpatients. There was also a difference in the equity of medical utilization by region. Other cancer management policies should be based on sex.
Conclusion
Populations between the ages of 45 and 64 years should be a priority in cancer policy. Because of the long-term hospitalization of patients with death as the outcome, a terminal cancer patient care facility is needed. These conclusions can provide a basis for various health policies.

Phenotypic Assays to Determine Virulence Factors of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) Isolates and their Correlation with Antibiotic Resistance Pattern: Mohsen Tabasi, Mohammad Reza Asadi Karam, Mehri Habibi, Mir Saeed Yekaninejad, Saeid Bouzari; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2015;6(4):261-268. Published online August 31, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2015.08.002

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Urinary tract infection caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strains is one of the most important infections in the world. UPEC encode widespread virulence factors closely related with pathogenesis of the bacteria. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of different phenotypic virulence markers in UPEC isolates and determine their correlation with antibiotic resistance pattern.
Methods
UPEC isolates from patients with different clinical symptoms of UTI were collected and screened for biofilm and hemolysin production, mannose resistant, and mannose sensitive hemagglutination (MRHA and MSHA, respectively). In addition, antimicrobial resistance pattern and ESBL-producing isolates were recorded.
Results
Of the 156 UPEC isolates, biofilm and hemolysin formation was seen in 133 (85.3%) and 53 (34%) isolates, respectively. Moreover, 98 (62.8%) and 58 (37.2%) isolates showed the presence of Types 1 fimbriae (MSHA) and P fimbriae (MRHA), respectively. Our results also showed a relationship between biofilm formation in UPEC isolated from acute cystitis patients and recurrent UTI cases. Occurrence of UTI was dramatically correlated with the patients' profiles. We observed that the difference in antimicrobial susceptibilities of the biofilm and nonbiofilm former isolates was statistically significant. The UPEC isolates showed the highest resistance to ampicillin, tetracycline, amoxicillin, and cotrimoxazole. Moreover, 26.9% of isolates were ESBL producers.
Conclusion
This study indicated that there is a relationship between the phenotypic virulence traits of the UPEC isolates, patients' profiles, and antibiotic resistance. Detection of the phenotypic virulence factors could help to improve understanding of pathogenesis of UPEC isolates and better medical intervention.

Citations

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Mohammed Allami, Masoumeh Bahreini, Mohammad Reza Sharifmoghadam
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Determinants of the Length of Stay in Stroke Patients: Sang Mi Kim, Sung Wan Hwang, Eun-Hwan Oh, Jung-Kyu Kang; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013;4(6):329-341. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2013.10.008

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The study objective was to identify the factors that influence the length of stay (LOS) in hospital for stroke patients and to provide data for managing hospital costs by managing the LOS.
Methods
This study used data from the Discharge Injury Survey of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, which included 17,364 cases from 2005 to 2008.
Result
The LOS for stroke, cerebral infarction, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage was 18.6, 15.0, 28.9, and 25.3 days, respectively. Patients who underwent surgery had longer LOS. When patients were divided based on whether they had surgery, there was a 2.4-time difference in the LOS for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage, 2.0-time difference for patients with cerebral infarction, and 1.4-time difference for patients with intracerebral hemorrhage. The emergency route of admission and other diagnosis increased LOS, whereas hypertension and diabetic mellitus reduced LOS.
Conclusion
In the present rapidly changing hospital environments, hospitals approach an efficient policy for LOS, to maintain their revenues and quality of assessment. If LOS is used as the indicator of treatment expenses, there is a need to tackle factors that influence the LOS of stroke patients for each disease group who are divided based on whether surgery is performed or not for the proper management of the LOS.

Citations

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Teleneurocritical Care for Patients with Large Vessel Occlusive Ischemic Stroke Treated by Thrombectomy
Nick M. Murray, Scott Marshall, Robert Hoesch, Kyle Hobbs, Shawn Smith, Dean Roller, Katherine Thomas, Kevin Meier, Adrian Puttgen
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Association Between Race and Length of Stay Among Stroke Patients: The National US Emergency Departments Data Set
Karan Patel, Kamil Taneja, Jared Wolfe, Joseph V. Campellone, Mudassir Farooqui, Santiago Ortega‐Gutierrez, James E. Siegler
Stroke: Vascular and Interventional Neurology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Can HRV Predict Prolonged Hospitalization and Favorable or Unfavorable Short-Term Outcome in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke?
Joanna Aftyka, Jacek Staszewski, Aleksander Dębiec, Aleksandra Pogoda-Wesołowska, Jan Żebrowski
Life.2023; 13(4): 856. CrossRef
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Teleneurocritical care is associated with equivalent billable charges to in-person neurocritical care for patients with acute stroke
Nick M. Murray, Katherine Thomas, Dean Roller, Scott Marshall, Julie Martinez, Robert Hoesch, Kyle Hobbs, Shawn Smith, Kevin Meier, Adrian Puttgen
Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare.2023; : 1357633X2311661. CrossRef
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Steven Mulackal Thomas, Yarin Reindorp, Brandon R. Christophe, Edward Sander Connolly
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A. Aderonmu Joseph, O. Obembe Adebimpe
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Modeling for Estimating Influenza Patients from ILI Surveillance Data in Korea: Joo-Sun Lee, Sun-Hee Park, Jin-Woong Moon, Jacob Lee, Yong Gyu Park, Yong Kyun Roh; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2011;2(2):89-93. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2011.08.001

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Abstract PDF

Objective Prediction of influenza incidence among outpatients from an influenza surveillance system is important for public influenza strategy.
Methods
We developed two influenza prediction models through influenza surveillance data of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (each year, each province and metropolitan city; total reported patients with influenza-like illness stratified by age) for 6 years from 2005 to 2010 and disease-specific data (influenza code J09-J11, monthly number of influenza patients, total number of outpatients and hospital visits) from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment service.
Results
Incidence of influenza in each area, year, and month was estimated from our prediction models, which were validated by simulation processes. For example, in November 2009, Seoul and Joenbuk, the final number of influenza patients calculated by prediction models A and B underestimated actual reported cases by 64 and 833 patients, respectively, in Seoul and 6 and 9 patients, respectively, in Joenbuk. R-square demonstrated that prediction model A was more suitable than model B for estimating the number of influenza patients.
Conclusion
Our prediction models from the influenza surveillance system could estimate the nationwide incidence of influenza. This prediction will provide important basic data for national quarantine activities and distributing medical resources in future pandemics.

Citations

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Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(5): 223. CrossRef
Was the Mass Vaccination Effective During the Influenza Pandemic 2009–2010 in Korea?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(4): 177. CrossRef
A Tale of Two Fields: Mathematical and Statistical Modeling of Infectious Diseases
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2011; 2(2): 73. CrossRef

Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance in Escherichia coli Fecal Isolates From Healthy Persons and Patients With Diarrhea: Seung-Hak Cho, Yeong-Sik Lim, Mi-Sun Park, Seong-Han Kim, Yeon-Ho Kang; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2011;2(1):41-45. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2011.05.003

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in fecal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy persons and patients with diarrhea.
Methods
E. coli isolates (n = 428) were obtained from fecal samples of apparently healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients with diarrhea. Susceptibility patterns of isolates to 16 antimicrobial agents were determined by agar disc diffusion.
Results
Most E. coli isolates exhibited less than 10% resistance against imipenem, cefotetan, aztreonam, cefepime, cefoxitin, amikacin and netilamicin, although greater than 65% were resistant to ampicillin and tetracycline. No significant difference in resistance rates for all tested antibiotics was found between isolates from the healthy-and diarrheal-patient groups, including for multi-drug resistance (p = 0.22). The highest number of resistant antibiotics was 12 antibiotics. No significant differences in antibiotic resistance were found among the sex and age strata for isolates from healthy individuals. However, antibiotic resistance rates to cefoxitin, cefotaxime, amikacin, and netilamicin were significantly higher in the isolates of men than those of women (p < 0.05) in isolates from patients with diarrhea. Furthermore, isolates from patients with diarrhea older than 40-years of age showed higher resistance to cefepime and aztreonam (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
High resistance to the antibiotics most frequently prescribed for diarrhea was found in isolates from patients with diarrhea and apparently healthy individuals without any significant difference.

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Possibility of CTX-M-14 Gene Transfer from Shigella sonnei to a Commensal Escherichia coli Strain of the Gastroenteritis Microbiome
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Distribution of Virulence Genes and Their Association of Serotypes in Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates From Diarrheal Patients in Korea: Seung-Hak Cho, Kyung-Hwan Oh, Seong-Han Kim, Hee-Bok Oh, Mi-Sun Park; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2010;1(1):29-35. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2010.12.008

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
To characterise the genetic and serological diversity of pathogenic Escherichia coli, we tested 111 E coli strains isolated from diarrhoeal patients in Korea between 2003 and 2006.
Methods
The isolates were tested through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and slide agglutination method for the detection of virulence genes and serotypes, respectively. To compare the expression of Shiga toxin (stx)-1 and stx2 genes, real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR and rapid exprssion assay, reversed-passive latex agglutination, were performed.
Results
Forty-nine Shiga toxin-producing E coli (STEC) strains and 62 non-STEC strains, including 20 enteropathogenic E coli, 20 enterotoxigenic E coli, 20 enteroaggregative E coli, and 2 enteroinvasive E coli were randomly chosen from the strains isolated from diarrhoeal patients in Korea between 2003 and 2006. PCR analysis indicated that locus of enterocyte effacement pathogenicity island, that is, eaeA, espADB, and tir genes were present in STEC, enteropathogenic E coli, and enteroinvasive E coli. Quorum sensing-related gene luxS was detected in most of pathogenic E coli strains. Major serotypes of the STEC strains were O157 (26%) and O26 (20%), whereas the non-STEC strains possessed various serotypes. Especially, all the strains with serotype O157 carried stx2 and the tested virulence factors. Of the STEC strains, the data of real-time quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR and reversed-passive latex agglutination tests showed that messenger RNA- and protein expression of stx2 gene were higher than those of stx1 gene.
Conclusion
Our results provide the epidemiological information regarding the trend of STEC and non-STEC infections in the general population and show the fundamental data in association of serotypes with virulence genes in diarrhoeagenic E coli strains from Korea.

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