Gustavo Vital de Mendonça, Crispim Cerutti Junior, Alfredo Carlos Rodrigues Feitosa, Brígida Franco Sampaio de Mendonça, Lucia Helena Sagrillo Pimassoni
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2024;15(3):212-220. Published online June 27, 2024
Objectives The objective of this study was to examine the hypothesis that periodontal disease is associated with chronic non-communicable diseases. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated the periodontal health condition of the population, based on the community periodontal index, as well as the number of missing teeth and the presence of systemic health conditions. We quantified the association between oral health and the presence of chronic diseases using simple logistic regression, adjusting for confounding factors including age, smoking, and overweight. Results: The study population consisted of 334 volunteers, aged between 19 and 81 years. In patients over 45 years old, periodontal disease was found to be significantly associated with hypertension and diabetes. Furthermore, in female patients, periodontal disease was significantly associated with hypertension, diabetes, and cancer. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that periodontal disease is positively and significantly associated with both arterial hypertension and diabetes, independent of potential confounding factors.
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Objectives The global prevalence of psychiatric disturbances is rising, detrimentally affecting the quality of care and treatment outcomes for individuals, particularly those with diabetes.This study investigated the association of risk factors for psychiatric disturbances among productive-age patients with diabetes (ages 30−59 years), considering sociodemographic characteristics and co-existing diseases. The risk factors considered included sociodemographic factors (e.g., residence, age, sex, marital status, education, and occupation) and co-existing diseases (e.g., hypertension, heart disease, stroke, renal failure, rheumatism, asthma, and cancer). Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the 2018 Indonesian National Health Survey (Riskesdas). The study population comprised respondents aged between 30 and 59 years who had diabetes and had completed the 20-question self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20). After the exclusion of incomplete SRQ-20 data, the sample included 8,917 respondents. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: Approximately 18.29% of individuals with diabetes displayed symptoms indicative of psychiatric disturbances. After adjusting for sociodemographic factors such as age, sex, education level, occupation, marital status, and place of residence, patients with diabetes who had co-existing conditions such as hypertension, heart diseases, rheumatic disorders, asthma, or cancer had a higher risk for developing psychiatric disturbances than those with diabetes alone (adjusted odds ratio, 6.67; 95% confidence interval, 4.481−9.928; p<0.001). Conclusion: The elevated risk of psychiatric disturbances among patients with diabetes who had comorbidities underscores the importance of addressing mental health issues in the management of diabetes, especially in patients with concurrent disease conditions.
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Correction to “The risk associated with psychiatric disturbances in patients with diabetes in Indonesia (2018): a cross-sectional observational study” [Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2023;14(5):368–78] Siti Isfandari, Betty Roosihermiatie, Sulistyowati Tuminah, Laurentia Konadi Mihardja Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(6): 530. CrossRef
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to understand the characteristics of medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses, and to investigate the average effect size by combining the individual effects of these interventions. Data from studies meeting the inclusion criteria were systematically collected in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. The results showed that the average effect size (Hedges’ g) of the finally selected medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses calculated using a random-effects model was 0.500 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.342−0.659). Of the medication adherence interventions, an implementation intention intervention (using face-to-face meetings and telephone monitoring with personalized behavioral strategies) and a health belief model–based educational program were found to be highly effective. Face-to-face counseling was a significantly effective method of implementing medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses (Hedges’ g=0.531, 95% CI, 0.186−0.877), while medication adherence interventions through education and telehealth counseling were not effective. This study verified the effectiveness of personalized behavioral change strategies and cognitive behavioral therapy based on the health belief model, as well as face-to-face meetings, as medication adherence interventions for older adults with chronic illnesses.
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study compared the socioeconomic status, medical use and expenditures for infants (1–5 years), juveniles (6–12 years), and adolescents (13–19 years) with a chronic condition or disease to determine factors affecting health spending.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data from 3,677 minors (< 20 years old, without disabilities) were extracted from the Korea Health Panel (2015) database.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Minors with chronic conditions or diseases were older (juveniles, and adolescents; <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and included a higher proportion of Medicaid recipients (<italic>p</italic> = 0.004), a higher use of hospital outpatient care (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and higher medical expenditure (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001) compared to minors without chronic conditions or diseases. Boys were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease than girls (<italic>p</italic> = 0.036). Adolescents and juveniles were more likely than infants to have a chronic condition or disease (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Medicaid recipients were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease than those who were not Medicaid recipients (<italic>p</italic> = 0.008). Minors who had been hospital outpatients were more likely to have a chronic condition or disease, compared with minors who had not been an outpatient (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Having a chronic condition or disease, was a factor increasing medical expenditure (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Medical expenditure was higher in infants than in juveniles and adolescents (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001). Infants had higher rates of medical use when compared with juveniles and adolescents (<italic>p</italic> = 0.001).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings suggest that systematic health care management for minors with chronic conditions or diseases, is needed.</p></sec>
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Household income and maternal education in early childhood and activity-limiting chronic health conditions in late childhood: findings from birth cohort studies from six countries Nicholas James Spencer, Johnny Ludvigsson, Yueyue You, Kate Francis, Yara Abu Awad, Wolfgang Markham, Tomas Faresjö, Jeremy Goldhaber-Fiebert, Pär Andersson White, Hein Raat, Fiona Mensah, Lise Gauvin, Jennifer J McGrath Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health.2022; 76(11): 939. CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a substantial financial impact on healthcare systems in the US. This study aimed to examine the impact of CVD on health insurance coverage and health service use under economic stress as indicated by the Great Recession in the US (December 2007–June 2009).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data of 26,483 adults aged ≥ 20 years from the 2003–2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. There were 9,479 adults assigned to the group “before the Great Recession” (2003–2006), 5,674 adults assigned to “during the Great Recession” (2007–2008), and 11,330 adults assigned to “after the Great Recession” (2009–2012).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Patients with CVD from low-income families were more likely to have health insurance during the recession (OR:1.57, 95% CI: 1.01,2.45). Those participants without CVD, who were from low-income families or < 65 years, were more likely to use the emergency room rather than primary care facilities to gain access to routine healthcare (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). Patients with CVD from high-income families were also more likely to use the emergency room (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). Patients with CVD but not those without CVD, who reported a high family income or were ≥ 65 years old, were less likely to use mental health services during the recession than before the recession.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Effective strategies need to be developed to promote primary care use among the general adult American population. In addition, use of mental health services among patients with CVD needs to be improved when financial stress occurs.</p></sec>
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