| Victor Kuete | 2 Articles |
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<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study aimed to investigate the immunological and bacterial profiles in pregnant women of Bafang-Cameroon.</p></sec>
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<title>Methods</title>
<p>Stool and midstream urine were cultured using specific culture media. The disk diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial susceptibility test. T-cell lymphocyte counts (CD3, CD4 and CD8), white blood cell counts, sensitive C-reactive protein, and interleukin-6, were measured by flow cytometry, optical detection, and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay solid phase direct sandwich method.</p></sec>
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<title>Results</title>
<p>Out of 700 participants, 71.43% were pregnant, and 28.57% were non-pregnant women. The mean age was 29.40 ± 8.27 and 27.41 ± 6.55 years in non-pregnant and pregnant women, respectively. CD4 T-cells were not significantly lower in pregnant women compared with non-pregnant women. There were 43.65% and 56.35% bacteria isolates obtained from urine and stool samples, respectively. Bacteria were mostly isolated in patients with a CD4 T-cell count between 461 and 806 cells/μL. Isolates of <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic> and <italic>Enterobacter aerogenes</italic> showed 100% resistance in non-pregnant women, however all isolated bacteria were shown to be multidrug resistant in pregnant women. <italic>Salmonella sp</italic>. (24.3%) and <italic>Escherichia coli</italic> (21.51%) showed an increase in multidrug resistant phenotypes in pregnant women.</p></sec>
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<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>This study demonstrated that routine bacteriological analysis during pregnancy is necessary for their follow-up care.</p></sec>
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<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study aimed to identify virulent and antimicrobial resistant genes in fecal <italic>E. coli</italic> in Mbouda, Cameroon.</p></sec>
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<title>Methods</title>
<p>A total of 599 fecal samples were collected from patients with enteric infections who were ≥ 20 years old. <italic>E. coli</italic> was isolated on the MacConkey agar and virulent genes were detected by multiplex/simplex PCR. Isolates in which ≥ 1 virulent gene was detected were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing. The resulting resistant isolates were subjected to PCR, followed by sequencing for resistant genes detection.</p></sec>
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<title>Results</title>
<p>There were 119 enterovirulent <italic>E. coli</italic> identified, amongst which 47.05% were atypical enteropathogenic <italic>E. coli</italic> (EPEC), 36.97% enterotoxigenic <italic>E. coli</italic>, 10.08% Shiga toxin producing <italic>E. coli</italic> (STEC) and 5.88% were enteroinvasive <italic>E. coli</italic> (EIEC). The occurrence of the <italic>eae</italic> gene (47.06%) was higher compared with <italic>CVD432</italic> (33.61%), <italic>aaic</italic> (13.45%), <italic>stx2</italic> (10.08%) and <italic>stx1</italic> (0.84%). High resistance rates were noted for ampicillin (94.64% EPEC, 91.67% STEC, 59.09% EAEC, and 57.14% EIEC) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (100% EPEC and 83.33% STEC, 81.82% EAEC and 71.43% EIEC). <italic>sul2</italic> (71.43%), <italic>tetB</italic> (64.71%), <italic>tetA</italic> (59.94%) and <italic>blaTEM</italic> (52.10%) were detected. A double mutation (S83L; D87N) was seen in <italic>gyrA</italic> and a single mutation (S80I) was observed in <italic>parC</italic>.</p></sec>
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<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings suggested that measures should be taken to reduce the harm of <italic>E. coli</italic> to public health.</p></sec>
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