Figure 1Inclusion and exclusion research flow diagram to identify studies for meta-analyses.
Figure 2Effect of intervention for visuo-spatial neglect on combined outcomes.
Figure 3Effect of intervention for visuo-spatial neglect on mental function.
Figure 4Effect of intervention for visuo-spatial neglect on activity and participation.
Figure 5Funnel plots of outcomes (A) combined outcomes, (B) mental function, and (C) activity and participation.
Table 1Characteristics of selected studies included for meta-analyses.
No |
Study |
Exp/Con(n) |
Onset duration |
Age (M±SD) |
Intervention |
Time of intervention |
Outcome measure (Classification) |
PEDro score |
1 |
Aparicio-Lopez et al. (2016) [22] |
13 15 |
85.3±67.3* D 80.3±39.7* D |
50.5±7.6 45.7±8.1 |
CBT+RHEP CBT |
1 Hs 2–5 Ss/W total 15 Ss |
BCT FCO LBT (MF) BTT CBS RT (A&P) |
7 |
2 |
Cha & Kim (2016) [23] |
15 15 |
4.1±1.1* M 3.9±0.8* M |
64.1±12.1 63.3±12.2 |
CRT+rTMS CRT+sham |
50 Ms 5 Ss/W 4 Ws |
AT LBT (MF) BBT (A&P) |
9 |
3 |
Fong et al. (2013) [24] |
19 16 |
24.3±18.5* D 22.3±12.0* D |
66.2±14.8 68.6±10.6 |
CR+LA/SC CR+LA |
3 Hs 5 Ss/W 3 Ws |
BIT-CT (MF) BIT-DT FIM (A&P) |
7 |
4 |
Fu et al. (2015) [25] |
10 10 |
50.3±33.3* D 34.9±14.6* D |
55.1±14.0 59.5±12.7 |
CRT+cTBS CRT+sham |
30 Ms 3 Ss/W 2 Ws |
LBT SCT (MF) |
8 |
5 |
Mizuno et al. (2011) [26] |
15 19 |
67.1±18.4* D 64.4±20.9* D |
66.0±11.5 66.6±7.7 |
CRT+PAT CRT+ATnoP |
20 Ms 2 Ss/D 5 Ds/W 2 Ws |
BIT-C (MF) BIT-B CBS (A&P) |
9 |
6 |
Rossit et al. (2017) [27] |
9 10 |
3.1±0.9* M 3.2±0.5* M |
65.9±2.8 64.9±2.5 |
VFT VTnoF |
6–8 Rep/S 12 Ss for 2 Ws |
BIT BaT (MF) SIS-ADL/SP (A&P) |
8 |
7 |
Wilkinson et al. (2014) [28] |
16 15 |
94(39–534)† D 68(39–229)† D |
65.7±8.7 66.9±10.6 |
VST+GVS VST+sham |
10 Ss for 4 Ws |
BIT (MF) BI (A&P) |
7 |
8 |
Yang et al. (2016) [29] |
20 20 |
37.5±26.0* D 42.5±30.6* D |
54.6±11.8 58.7±12.7 |
CRT+rTMS CRT |
45 Ms 5 Ss/W 2 Ws |
BIT-C (MF) CBS MBI (A&P) |
8 |
Table 2Statistical heterogeneity.
|
Studies |
T2 |
Q |
df |
p |
CO |
8 |
0.221 |
26.213 |
7 |
0.000 |
MF |
8 |
0.430 |
25.768 |
7 |
0.001 |
A&P |
7 |
0.071 |
9.073 |
6 |
0.169 |