Table 1OR and corresponding 95% CI for the presence of C. sinensis in stools according to selected characteristics
Characteristic |
|
OR |
95% CI |
Gender |
Female |
Reference |
|
|
Male |
1.501 |
0.838–2.691 |
Age (y) |
≤49 |
Reference |
|
|
50–59 |
0.698 |
0.336–1.450 |
|
60–69 |
0.848 |
0.428–1.682 |
|
≥70 |
1.120 |
0.555–2.261 |
Smoking |
Never |
Reference |
|
|
Ex-smoker |
0.885 |
0.490–1.599 |
|
Current smoker |
1.049 |
0.586–1.879 |
Alcohol drinking |
Never |
Reference |
|
|
≤1/mo |
0.621 |
0.316–1.219 |
|
2–4/mo |
1.352 |
0.728–2.511 |
|
2–3/wk |
1.097 |
0.594–2.026 |
|
≥4/wk |
1.353 |
0.725–2.527 |
Raw freshwater fish consumption |
Never |
Reference |
|
|
Yes |
2.581 |
1.175–5.672 |
Intent to change the habit of raw freshwater consumption |
Yes |
Reference |
|
|
No |
0.892 |
0.594–1.415 |
Past history of C. sinensis infection |
Never |
Reference |
|
|
Yes |
0.944 |
0.630–1.339 |
Table 2Positive rates of C. sinensis eggs categorized by river, locality, and gender
River |
Localities |
No. examined. |
No. (%) of positive cases
|
Males |
Females |
Total |
Guem-gang |
1 Geumji |
86 |
5 (6.4) |
0 (0.0) |
5 (5.8) |
|
2 Dosam |
70 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
3 Dudong |
66 |
3 (7.3) |
1 (4.0) |
4 (6.0) |
|
4 Dumo |
65 |
1 (3.3) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (1.5) |
|
5 Buri |
75 |
17 (31.5) |
1 (4.8) |
18 (23.7) |
|
6 Wondong |
56 |
12 (46.2) |
2 (6.7) |
14 (24.6) |
|
7 Jangsang |
74 |
2 (5.9) |
2 (5.0) |
4 (5.4) |
|
Subtotal |
492 |
40 (13.7) |
6 (3.0) |
46 (9.3) |
Han-gang |
8 Boktan |
50 |
17 (38.6) |
1 (16.7) |
18 (36.0) |
|
9 Geumkwan |
46 |
7 (16.3) |
1 (33.3) |
8 (17.4) |
|
10 Haho |
47 |
4 (20.0) |
1 (3.7) |
5 (10.6) |
|
11 Hwangsan |
51 |
1 (4.5) |
3 (10.3) |
4 (7.8) |
|
12 Danglim |
100 |
4 (6.6) |
1 (2.6) |
5 (5.0) |
|
13 Dukmok |
50 |
2 (7.4) |
0 (0.0) |
2 (4.0) |
|
14 Bobat |
50 |
1 (2.9) |
0 (0.0) |
1 (2.0) |
|
15 Kwangrak |
54 |
0 (0.0) |
1 (4.3) |
1 (1.9) |
|
16 Gumchun |
57 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
17 Suhang |
50 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
Subtotal |
555 |
36 (10.7) |
8 (3.6) |
44 (7.9) |
Yeongsan-gang |
18 Guemkang |
50 |
3 (15.8) |
4 (12.9) |
7 (14.0) |
|
19 Walak |
52 |
6 (12.8) |
1 (20.0) |
7 (13.5) |
|
20 Kwangam |
71 |
3 (8.8) |
1 (2.7) |
4 (5.6) |
|
21 Sinhak |
47 |
1 (4.5) |
1 (4.0) |
2 (4.3) |
|
22 Bongmyong |
55 |
1 (5.0) |
1 (2.9) |
2 (3.6) |
|
23 Juksan |
93 |
2 (5.4) |
1 (1.8) |
3 (3.2) |
|
24 sinryong |
49 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
25 Sachang |
50 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
26 Eungok |
50 |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
0 (0.0) |
|
Subtotal |
517 |
16 (6.3) |
9 (3.4) |
25 (4.8) |
Seomjin-gang |
27 Geumchun |
73 |
15 (50.0) |
13 (30.2) |
28 (38.4) |
|
28 Kyesan |
50 |
10 (37.0) |
8 (34.8) |
18 (36.0) |
|
29 Dosa |
57 |
14 (51.9) |
7 (23.3) |
21 (36.8) |
|
30 Oegok |
50 |
8 (38.1) |
9 (31.0) |
17 (34.0) |
|
31 Hachun |
52 |
5 (22.7) |
7 (23.3) |
12 (23.1) |
|
32 Bumwang |
100 |
5 (11.1) |
2 (3.6) |
7 (7.0) |
|
33 Hapgang |
80 |
3 (8.1) |
2 (4.7) |
5 (6.3) |
|
34 Aprok |
46 |
0 (0.0) |
1 (3.4) |
1 (2.2) |
|
Subtotal |
508 |
60 (26.5) |
49 (17.4) |
109 (21.5) |
Nakdong-gang |
35 Gobong |
129 |
5 (9.8) |
3 (3.8) |
8 (6.2) |
|
36 Oryong |
68 |
8 (21.1) |
0 (0.0) |
8 (11.8) |
|
37 Yulgok |
50 |
8 (30.8) |
3 (12.5) |
11 (22.0) |
|
38 Doheung |
90 |
3 (6.5) |
0 (0.0) |
3 (3.3) |
|
39 Sinsung |
94 |
15 (33.3) |
8 (16.3) |
23 (24.5) |
|
40 Yangseo |
121 |
11 (23.4) |
12 (16.2) |
23 (19.0) |
|
Subtotal |
552 |
50 (19.8) |
26 (8.7) |
76 (13.8) |
Total |
|
2624 |
202 (14.8) |
98 (7.8) |
300 (11.4) |
Table 3Differences in C. sinensis positive rates according to age and behavioral characteristics among males
Characteristic |
|
Total |
No. negative (%) |
No. positive (%) |
χ2
|
p
|
Age (y) |
≤49 |
204 |
168 (82.4) |
36 (17.6) |
2.773 |
0.428 |
|
50–59 |
350 |
299 (85.4) |
51 (14.6) |
|
|
|
60–69 |
454 |
395 (87.0) |
59 (13.0) |
|
|
|
≥70 |
348 |
293 (84.2) |
55 (15.8) |
|
|
Smoking |
Never |
330 |
292 (88.5) |
38 (11.5) |
4.154 |
0.125 |
|
Ex-smoker |
501 |
418 (83.4) |
83 (16.6) |
|
|
|
Current smoker |
523 |
443 (84.7) |
80 (15.3) |
|
|
Alcohol drinking |
Never |
116 |
105 (90.5) |
11 (9.5) |
10.880 |
0.028 |
|
≤1/mo |
91 |
85 (93.4) |
6 (6.6) |
|
|
|
2–4/mo |
190 |
163 (85.8) |
27 (14.2) |
|
|
|
2–3/wk |
336 |
280 (83.3) |
56 (16.7) |
|
|
|
≥4/wk |
371 |
305 (82.2) |
66 (17.8) |
|
|
Raw freshwater fish consumption |
Never |
219 |
201 (91.8) |
18 (8.2) |
9.325 |
0.002 |
|
Yes |
1119 |
937 (83.7) |
182 (16.3) |
|
|
Intention to change the habit of raw freshwater consumption |
Yes |
807 |
694 (86.0) |
113 (14.0) |
1.440 |
0.253 |
|
No |
467 |
390 (83.5) |
77 (16.5) |
|
|
Past history of C. sinensis infection |
Never |
359 |
297 (82.7) |
62 (17.3) |
0.164 |
0.735 |
|
Yes |
215 |
175 (81.4) |
40 (18.6) |
|
|
Table 4Differences in C. sinensis positive rates according to age and behavioral characteristics among females
Characteristic |
|
Total |
No. negative (%) |
No. positive (%) |
χ2
|
p
|
Age (y) |
≤49 |
156 |
143 (91.7) |
13 (8.3) |
2.580 |
0.461 |
|
50–59 |
305 |
284 (93.1) |
21 (6.9) |
|
|
|
60–69 |
430 |
390 (90.7) |
40 (9.3) |
|
|
|
≥70 |
367 |
343 (93.5) |
24 (6.5) |
|
|
Smoking |
Never |
1202 |
1110 (92.3) |
2 (6.5) |
1.345 |
0.510 |
|
Ex-smoker |
21 |
18 (85.7) |
3 (14.3) |
|
|
|
Current smoker |
31 |
29 (93.5) |
2 (6.5) |
|
|
Alcohol drinking |
Never |
639 |
593 (92.8) |
46 (7.2) |
5.109 |
0.276 |
|
≤1/mo |
342 |
320 (93.0) |
22 (6.4) |
|
|
|
2–4/mo |
139 |
122 (87.8) |
17 (12.2) |
|
|
|
2–3/wk |
91 |
84 (92.3) |
7 (7.7) |
|
|
|
≥4/wk |
22 |
20 (90.9) |
2 (9.1) |
|
|
Raw freshwater fish consumption |
Never |
445 |
425 (95.5) |
20 (4.5) |
10.367 |
0.001 |
|
Yes |
803 |
726 (90.4) |
97 (7.8) |
|
|
Intention to change the habit of raw freshwater consumption |
Yes |
897 |
840 (93.6) |
57 (6.4) |
10.825 |
0.002 |
|
No |
322 |
283 (87.9 |
39 (12.1) |
|
|
Past history of C. sinensis infection |
Negative |
272 |
248 (91.2) |
24 (8.8) |
1.203 |
0.266 |
|
Positive |
112 |
98 (87.5) |
14 (12.5) |
|
|