Figure 1The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract combination on plasma glucose. DC = diabetic control; HC = healthy control; S = swimming training; SF1 = swimming training + fenugreek seed extract (1.74 g/kg body weight); SF2 = swimming training + fenugreek seed extract (0.87 g/kg body weight). *Statistically significant versus DC group. **Statistically significant versus HC group.
Figure 2The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract on heart superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Abbreviations are as Figure 1. *Statistically significant versus DC group. **Statistically significant versus HC group.
Figure 3The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract on heart catalase (CAT) activity. Abbreviations are as Figure 1. *Statistically significant versus DC group. **Statistically significant versus HC group.
Figure 4The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract on heart glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity. Abbreviations are as Figure 1. *Statistically significant versus DC group.
Table 1The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract on body weight (BW) after 6 weeks.
Weeks groups |
Week 1 |
Week 2 |
Week 3 |
Week 4 |
Week 5 |
Week 6 |
p
|
SF1 |
205.9 ± 7.35 |
201.72 ± 7.45 |
195 ± 7.19 |
186.81 ± 8.91 |
181.72 ± 9.8 |
177.72 ± 11.55 |
0.009* |
S |
196.11 ± 14.95 |
193.33 ± 13.23 |
182.66 ± 10.95 |
171.33 ± 9.83 |
164.33 ± 9.38 |
152.22 ± 11.07 |
0.002* |
SF2 |
204.12 ± 7.39 |
200.87 ± 7.37 |
195.87 ± 7.6 |
189.25 ± 8.76 |
184 ± 9.68 |
178.25 ± 11.94 |
0.007* |
HC |
214.4 ± 11.3 |
216.8 ± 10.7 |
219.2 ± 10.8 |
220.3 ± 9.9 |
223.4 ± 10.3 |
225.2 ± 11.1 |
0.51 |
DC |
204.75 ± 19.94 |
196 ± 19.24 |
184.87 ± 20.43 |
173.12 ± 19.94 |
158 ± 17.89 |
143.75 ± 16.17 |
< 0.001* |
p
|
0.61 |
0.59 |
0.13 |
0.04* |
0.007* |
0.002* |
|
Table 2The effect of treatment by swimming training and fenugreek seed extract on plasma glucose, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX).
|
df |
F |
p
|
Glucose (mg/dL) |
4 |
23.016 |
< 0.001 |
SOD (U/mg protein) |
4 |
23.787 |
0.001 |
CAT (U/mg protein) |
4 |
21.379 |
0.005 |
GPX(U/mg protein) |
4 |
6.429 |
0.01 |