Figure 1Agarose gel electrophoresis of the products amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the specific primers for Klebsiella pneumoniae TEM gene samples. Lane M: 100-bp DNA ladder (Fermentase, Leon-Rot, Germany); lanes 1, 2, and 5: PCR products of the positive samples; lanes 3 and 4: negative samples.
Figure 2Agarose gel electrophoresis of the products amplified with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using the specific primers for K. pneumoniae SHV gene samples. Lane M: 100-bp DNA ladder (Fermentase, Leon-Rot, Germany); lanes 1, 3 and 4: PCR products of the positive samples; lanes 2 and 5: negative samples.
Table 1Primers for identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae TEM and SHV genes.
Gene target |
Primer name |
Sequence |
Annealing temperature |
Amplicon size (bp) |
TEM |
TEM-F TEM-R |
5′-TCCGCTCATGAGACAATAACC-3′ 3′-ATAATACCGCACCACATAGCAG-5′ |
58 |
296 |
SHV |
SHV-F SHV-R |
5′-TACCATGAGCGATAACAGCG-3′ 3′-GATTTGCTGATTTCGCTCGG-5′ |
60 |
450 |
Table 2Number of K. pneumoniae TEM and SHV genes.
Hospitals |
Number of samples |
Positive for Klebsiella
|
Positive for TEM gene |
Positive for SHV gene |
Imam Reza Lordegan |
60 |
39 |
9 |
0 |
Valiasr Boroujen |
60 |
52 |
11 |
7 |
Shohada Farsan |
40 |
19 |
0 |
2 |
Imam Ali Farokhshahr |
30 |
21 |
3 |
1 |
Kashani Shahrekord |
60 |
48 |
9 |
5 |
Total |
250 |
179 |
32 |
15 |
Table 3Antibiotic resistance patterns of K. pneumoniae TEM and SHV genes.
Antimicrobial agent |
Sensitive |
Half-resistant |
Resistant |
Total |
Nalidixic acid |
64.30 |
0 |
35.70 |
100 |
Cephalexin |
65.40 |
2.9 |
31.70 |
100 |
Cefixime |
69.80 |
0 |
30.20 |
100 |
Gentamicin |
73.50 |
0 |
26.50 |
100 |
Ceftazidime |
83.20 |
1.80 |
15 |
100 |
Amikacin |
85.10 |
6.30 |
8.60 |
100 |
Imipenem |
100 |
0 |
0 |
100 |