주메뉴 바로가기 본문 바로가기
  • KDCA
  • Contact us
  • E-Submission

PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

OPEN ACCESS. pISSN: 2210-9099. eISSN: 2233-6052
About
Browse articles
Editorial policies
For authors
Short Communication

COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea

Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives 2022;13(2):162-170.
Published online: March 31, 2022

1Division of Infectious Disease Response, Gyeongbuk Regional Disease Response Center, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Daegu, Korea

2Epidemiological Investigation Team, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, Cheongju, Korea

3Gyeongbuk Center for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Andong, Korea

4Department of Preventive Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea

Corresponding author: Ji-Hyuk Park Department of Preventive Medicine, Dongguk University College of Medicine, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 38066, Korea E-mail: skeyd@naver.com
Co-Corresponding author: Tae Jong Son Division of Infectious Disease Response, Gyeongbuk Regional Disease Response Center, Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, 167 Dongdeok-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu 41914, Korea E-mail: sontaejong@korea.kr
• Received: November 4, 2021   • Revised: February 11, 2022   • Accepted: February 14, 2022

© 2022 Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency.

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

  • 6,895 Views
  • 135 Download
  • 10 Web of Science
  • 9 Crossref
  • 8 Scopus
prev next

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Causes of COVID-19 Outbreaks During Sports and Exercise: A Systematic Review
    Masaki Machida, Koichi Dai, Itaru Nakamura, Shigeru Inoue
    Sports Medicine.2025; 55(3): 713.     CrossRef
  • The First Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) at an Outdoor Camping Site in South Korea, 2020
    Na-Young Kim, Seonhee Ahn, GwangJin Kim, Donghyok Kwon, Young-Joon Park, Sang-Eun Lee
    Journal of Epidemiology.2024; 34(4): 203.     CrossRef
  • Risk evaluation of venue types and human behaviors of COVID-19 outbreaks in public indoor environments: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Weiwei Huang, Caroline X. Gao, Danting Luo, Yong Wang, Xiaohong Zheng, Cong Liu, Ying Wang, Yuguo Li, Hua Qian
    Environmental Pollution.2024; 341: 122970.     CrossRef
  • Investigating Factors Contributing to the Occurrence of COVID-19 Outbreaks in Athletes in a Scoping Review
    Shuichi KASAMA, Haruyo SAKAKI, Eiko ENDO
    Taiikugaku kenkyu (Japan Journal of Physical Educa.2024; 69: 151.     CrossRef
  • The Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Community Indoor Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Mark Rohit Francis, Saheed Gidado, J Pekka Nuorti
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying risk factors for COVID-19 cluster infections in schools in the Republic of Korea: a case-control study
    Jihyun Choi, Seongju Choi, Baigu Lee, Young-Joon Park, Sang Eun Lee
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(4): 375.     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 transmission modes: Why and how contamination occurs around shared meals and drinks?
    Aure Saulnier, Jean-Michel Wendling, Benoit Hermant, Didier Lepelletier
    Food Microbiology.2023; 114: 104297.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for COVID-19 outbreaks in livestock slaughtering and processing facilities in Republic of Korea
    Seongju Choi, Tae Jong Son, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(3): 207.     CrossRef
  • Protective facemask-induced facial thermal stress and breathing burden during exercise in gyms
    Qilong Zhong, Jiyun Song, Dachuan Shi, Chung-Hin Dung
    Building and Environment.2023; 244: 110840.     CrossRef

Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:

Include:

COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(2):162-170.   Published online March 31, 2022
Download Citation

Download a citation file in RIS format that can be imported by all major citation management software, including EndNote, ProCite, RefWorks, and Reference Manager.

Format:
Include:
COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(2):162-170.   Published online March 31, 2022
Close

Figure

  • 0
COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
Image
Figure 1. Epidemic curve of an outbreak in a taekwondo gym (symptomatic cases). (A) Transmission in the taekwondo gym. (B) Occupation in the taekwondo gym.
COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
Characteristic n(%)
Age (y)
 0–9 15 (50.0)
 10–19 8 (26.7)
 20–29 2 (6.7)
 ≥30 5 (16.7)
Sex
 Male 19 (63.3)
 Female 11 (36.7)
Occupation
 Staff 2 (6.7)
 Student 28 (93.3)
Class (student, n=28)
 High school or lower grades 23 (82.1)
 Adult students 5 (17.9)
Clinical symptoms
 Cases with symptoms at confirmed dates 23 (76.7)
  Fever 12 (40.0)
  Cough 6 (20.0)
  Sputum 2 (6.7)
  Sore throat 8 (26.7)
  Dyspnea 0
  Rhinorrhea 6 (20.0)
  Myalgia 4 (13.3)
  Headache 4 (13.3)
  Loss of taste 1 (3.3)
  Loss of smell 2 (6.7)
  Diarrhea 0
  Abdominal pain 1 (3.3)
  Vomiting 0
 Cases without symptoms on the confirmed date 7 (23.3)
Characteristic Category Tertiary cases/total AR (%) Relative risk (95% CI) pa)
Sex Male 19/68 27.9 1.68 (0.63–4.43) 0.411
Female 4/24 16.7 Reference
Age (y) ≤9 15/43 34.9 2.14 (1.01–4.54) 0.054
10–19 8/49 16.3 Reference
Class site First floor 21/79 26.6 1.73 (0.46–6.51) 0.506
Second floor 2/13 15.4 Reference
Use of hand sanitizer at the entrance Yes 21/88 23.9 0.48 (0.17–1.36) 0.259
No 2/4 50.0 Reference
Mask wearing inside the gym (always) Yes 16/73 21.9 0.59 (0.29–1.24) 0.234
No 7/19 36.8 Reference
Conversation inside the gym Yes 19/70 27.1 1.49 (0.57–3.92) 0.574
No 4/22 18.2 Reference
Physical contact during the class Yes 9/37 24.3 0.96 (0.46–1.98) 1.000
No 14/55 25.5 Reference
Food consumption inside the gym Yes 13/35 37.1 2.12 (1.04–4.30) 0.048
No 10/57 17.5 Reference
Use of the changing room Yes 15/66 22.7 0.74 (0.36–1.53) 0.434
No 8/26 30.8 Reference
Use of the toilet Yes 13/51 25.5 1.05 (0.51–2.14) 1.000
No 10/41 24.4 Reference
Use of the gym car Yes 18/72 25 1.00 (0.42–2.36) 1.000
No 5/20 25 Reference
Characteristic Category Odds ratio (95% CI) p-value
Age (y) ≤9 2.96 (1.07–8.20) 0.036
10–19 Reference
Food consumption inside the gym Yes 3.00 (1.10–8.17) 0.032
No Reference
Table 1. General characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 cases in a taekwondo gym (n=30)
Table 2. Risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 transmission among students in high school or lower grades in a taekwondo gym

AR, attack rate; CI, confidence interval.

The Fisher exact test was used.

Table 3. Multivariate logistic regression to determine risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 transmission in a taekwondo gym

CI, confidence interval.