<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>To identify trends in percentage body fat (PBF) in adolescents to determine gender-specific classification thresholds for being overweight and obese.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>A cross-sectional study of 899 adolescents (11 to 14.5 years) from Hanoi and Nam Dinh was conducted in Vietnam. PBF, subcutaneous fat and percentage of lean mass were measured directly using OMRON HBF 375 scales to measure bioelectrical impedance.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>PBF decreased in boys with increasing age (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001). The difference in PBF between boys and girls, significantly increased with age after 12.5 years (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001). There was a stronger correlation between PBF and fat content (Pearson’s <italic>r</italic> = <italic>0.860</italic>, <italic>p</italic> < <italic>0.0001</italic>) than that between (BMI) and fat content (Pearson’s <italic>r</italic> = <italic>0.521</italic>, <italic>p</italic> < <italic>0.0001</italic>). The prevalence of being overweight or obese in girls was similar when determined by PBF or BMI. Hanoi had higher rates of adolescents being overweight or obese compared with Nam Dinh.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>PBF provides a more accurate body assessment for being overweight or obese in adolescents compared with BMI.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>This study was designed to investigate factors affecting the discordance between body image and body mass index amongst Korean adults aged 19–39 years.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data (<italic>N</italic> = 59,361) from the 2014 Korean Community Health Survey was analyzed using descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and logistic regression analysis.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>To examine the factors affecting body image discordance as observed in 43.1% of participants, the group was subdivided into underestimation and overestimation. There were 36.0% of participants that were body image discordant underestimators and 7.1% were overestimators. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the underestimators tended to be men, graduated from high school, married, current/ex-smokers, ex-drinkers, had between 5 to 9 hours sleep (inclusive), had fair to good self-rated health, and demonstrated healthy weight control behavior, relative to the reference group. In comparison, overestimators tended to be in the 19–29 year group and had signs of depression. The OR of individuals who were men, married, and had healthy weight control behavior was significantly lower in the overestimators group.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings show that tailored interventions to promote accurate body awareness should be based on the type of body image discordance. In addition, it is necessary to develop and implement a program of body image improvement that considers the factors affecting body weight discordance.</p></sec>
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Objectives
Health status and health behaviors are associated with academic achievement in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether skipping breakfast and being overweight are related to academic achievement of Korean adolescents. Methods
Cross-sectional data on a sample of 1,652 high-school seniors (942 males and 710 females) drawn from the 2004 Korea Education Employment Panel were analyzed. Results
A higher proportion of males (15.3%) than females (6.1%) was overweight (<i>p</i> < 0.001); 37% of males and 41% of females reported skipping breakfast. Overall test scores were significantly higher for females than males (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and in language and foreign language subjects. However, both males and females who reported skipping breakfast had significantly lower scores in language, mathematics, and foreign language than those who did not report skipping breakfast. Overweight males had a lower probability than normal-weight males of having the highest language scores (OR = 0.52, <i>p</i> < 0.05), but there was no difference among females. Females who skipped breakfast had a lower probability of having the highest scores in language (OR = 0.41, <i>p</i> < 0.05), mathematics (OR = 0.24, <i>p</i> < 0.01), or foreign language (OR = 0.18, <i>p</i> < 0.01), while males had a lower probability of having the highest scores in language only (OR = 0.46, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Conclusion
Skipping breakfast and being overweight are associated with poor academic achievement in Korean adolescents. Eating breakfast and weight control is being discussed as the overlooked factors that may influence better academic achievement.
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