Skip Navigation
Skip to contents

PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

OPEN ACCESS
SEARCH
Search

Search

Page Path
HOME > Search
2 "milk"
Filter
Filter
Article category
Keywords
Publication year
Authors
Original Articles
The Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Exposure to Aflatoxin M1 in Ultra-High Temperature and Pasteurized Milk in Hamadan Province of Iran
Amir Sasan Mozaffari Nejad, Ali Heshmati, Tayebe Ghiasvand
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2019;10(4):228-233.   Published online August 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.4.05
  • 6,910 View
  • 148 Download
  • 24 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

Aflatoxins are a category of poisonous compounds found in most plants, milk and dairy products. The present research was carried out to detect the presence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in samples of milk collected from Hamadan province, Iran.

Methods

Twenty five samples of ultra-high temperature (UHT) and 63 samples of pasteurized milk were collected and the amount of AFM1 was measured by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay method. In addition, the estimated daily intake (EDI) and hazard index (HI) of AFM1 was determined by the following equations:(EDI= mean concentration of AFM1 × daily consumption of milk/body weight; HI= EDI/Tolerance Daily Intake).

Results

AFM1 was detected in 21 (84%) UHT milk samples and in 55 (87.30%) pasteurized milk samples. Seven (28%) samples of UHT and 21 (33.33%) pasteurized milk samples had higher AFM1 content than the limit allowed in the European Union and Iranian National Standard Limits (0.05 μg/kg). None of the samples exceeded the US Food and Drug Administration limit (0.5 μg/kg) for AFM1. EDI and HI for AM1 through milk were 0.107 ng/kg body weight/day, and 0.535, respectively.

Conclusion

A significant percentage of milk produced by different factories in Iran (84% of UHT and 87.3% of pasteurized milk) was contaminated with AFM1. Therefore, more control and monitoring of livestock feeding in dairy companies may help reduce milk contamination with AFM1. As the HI value was lower than 1, it can be assumed that there was no risk of developing liver cancer due to milk consumption.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Seasonal variation and risk assessment of exposure to aflatoxin M1 in milk, yoghurt, and cheese samples from Ilam and Lorestan Provinces of Iran
    Kousar Aghebatbinyeganeh, Mohammadhosein Movassaghghazani, Mohamed Fathi Abdallah
    Journal of Food Composition and Analysis.2024; 128: 106083.     CrossRef
  • Review, meta-analysis and carcinogenic risk assessment of aflatoxin M1 in different types of milks in Iran
    Fatemeh Mortezazadeh, Fathollah Gholami-Borujeni
    Reviews on Environmental Health.2023; 38(3): 511.     CrossRef
  • Molecular identification and biocontrol of ochratoxigenic fungi and ochratoxin A in animal feed marketed in the state of Qatar
    Fatma Ali Alsalabi, Zahoor Ul Hassan, Roda F. Al-Thani, Samir Jaoua
    Heliyon.2023; 9(1): e12835.     CrossRef
  • Risk assessments for the dietary intake aflatoxins in food: A systematic review (2016–2022)
    Kiran Bhardwaj, Julie P. Meneely, Simon A. Haughey, Moira Dean, Patrick Wall, Guangtao Zhang, Bob Baker, Christopher T. Elliott
    Food Control.2023; 149: 109687.     CrossRef
  • A systematic literature review for aflatoxin M1 of various milk types in Iran: Human health risk assessment, uncertainty, and sensitivity analysis
    Tooraj Massahi, Amir Kiani, Kiomars Sharafi, Behzad Karami Matin, Abdullah Khalid Omer, Gholamreza Ebrahimzadeh, Jalil Jaafari, Nazir Fattahi
    Food Control.2023; 150: 109733.     CrossRef
  • The occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in milk samples of Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Neda Mollakhalili-Meybodi, Amene Nematollahi
    Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of basil seed and xanthan gum on physicochemical, textural, and sensory characteristics of low‐fat cream cheese
    Jalal Portaghi, Ali Heshmati, Mehdi Taheri, Ebrahim Ahmadi, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
    Food Science & Nutrition.2023; 11(10): 6060.     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of aflatoxin M1 content in milk and dairy products by high-performance liquid chromatography in Tehran, Iran
    Nazanin SHABANSALMANİ, Mohammadhosein MOVASSAGHGHAZANİ
    Harran Tarım ve Gıda Bilimleri Dergisi.2023; 27(3): 435.     CrossRef
  • Seasonal Study of Aflatoxin M1 Contamination in Cow Milk on the Retail Dairy Market in Gorgan, Iran
    Hadi Rahimzadeh Barzoki, Hossein Faraji, Somayeh Beirami, Fatemeh Zahra Keramati, Gulzar Ahmad Nayik, Zahra Izadi Yazdanaabadi, Amir Sasan Mozaffari Nejad
    Dairy.2023; 4(4): 571.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products: global occurrence and potential decontamination strategies
    Khurram Muaz, Muhammad Riaz, Carlos Augusto Fernandes de Oliveira, Saeed Akhtar, Shinawar Waseem Ali, Habibullah Nadeem, Sungkwon Park, Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian
    Toxin Reviews.2022; 41(2): 588.     CrossRef
  • Feed to fork risk assessment of mycotoxins under climate change influences - recent developments
    Rhea Sanjiv Chhaya, John O'Brien, Enda Cummins
    Trends in Food Science & Technology.2022; 126: 126.     CrossRef
  • The behavior of aflatoxin M1 during lactic cheese production and storage
    Mahtab Einolghozati, Ali Heshmati, Freshteh Mehri
    Toxin Reviews.2022; 41(4): 1163.     CrossRef
  • Exposure assessment on aflatoxin M1 from milk and dairy products-relation to public health
    Eleni Malissiova, Georgia Soultani, Konstantina Tsokana, Mary Alexandraki, Athanasios Manouras
    Clinical Nutrition ESPEN.2022; 47: 189.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin M1 in distributed milks in northwestern Iran: occurrence, seasonal variation, and risk assessment
    Seyyed Ahmad Mokhtari, Ali Nemati, Mehdi Fazlzadeh, Eslam Moradi-Asl, Vahid Taefi Ardabili, Anoshirvan Seddigh
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2022; 29(27): 41429.     CrossRef
  • Brucellosis in Humans with the Approach of Brucella Species Contamination in Unpasteurized Milk and Dairy Products from Hamadan, Iran
    Mohammad Mahdi Majzobi, Pejman Karami, Amir Khodavirdipour, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
    Iranian Journal of Medical Microbiology.2022; 16(4): 282.     CrossRef
  • Probabilistic modeling and risk characterization of the chronic aflatoxin M1 exposure of Hungarian consumers
    Zsuzsa Farkas, Kata Kerekes, Árpád Ambrus, Miklós Süth, Ferenc Peles, Tünde Pusztahelyi, István Pócsi, Attila Nagy, Péter Sipos, Gabriella Miklós, Anna Lőrincz, Szilveszter Csorba, Ákos Bernard Jóźwiak
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The occurrence of aflatoxin M1 in doogh, kefir, and kashk in Hamadan, Iran
    Mina KHORSHIDI, Ali HESHMATI, Zahra HADIAN, Slim SMAOUI, Amin MOUSAVI KHANEGHAH
    Food Science and Technology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Characterization and mechanism of aflatoxin degradation by a novel strain of Trichoderma reesei CGMCC3.5218
    Xiaofeng Yue, Xianfeng Ren, Jiayun Fu, Na Wei, Claudio Altomare, Miriam Haidukowski, Antonio F. Logrieco, Qi Zhang, Peiwu Li
    Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Simultaneous multi-determination of pesticide residues in black tea leaves and infusion: a risk assessment study
    Ali Heshmati, Fereshteh Mehri, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2021; 28(11): 13725.     CrossRef
  • Development of a specific anti-idiotypic nanobody for monitoring aflatoxin M1 in milk and dairy products
    Chong Cai, Qi Zhang, Seyni Nidiaye, Honglin Yan, Wen Zhang, Xiaoqian Tang, Peiwu Li
    Microchemical Journal.2021; 167: 106326.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of aflatoxin M1 in pasteurized and ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk marketed in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
    F. Mwakosya Hilda, K. Mugula Jovin
    African Journal of Microbiology Research.2021; 15(9): 461.     CrossRef
  • Multi-mycotoxin occurrence in feed, metabolism and carry-over to animal-derived food products: A review
    J. Tolosa, Y. Rodríguez-Carrasco, M.J. Ruiz, P. Vila-Donat
    Food and Chemical Toxicology.2021; 158: 112661.     CrossRef
  • Presence of Aflatoxin M1 in Commercial Milk in Paraguay
    Andrea Alejandra Arrúa, Pablo David Arrúa, Juliana Moura-Mendes, Cinthia Cazal, Francisco Paulo Ferreira, Cristhian Javier Grabowski, Horacio Daniel Lopez-Nicora, Danilo Fernández Rios
    Journal of Food Protection.2021; 84(12): 2128.     CrossRef
  • The Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M1 in Yoghurt Samples from Hamadan, Iran
    Ali Heshmati, Amir Sasan Mozaffari Mozaffari Nejad, Tayebeh Ghyasvand
    The Open Public Health Journal.2020; 13(1): 512.     CrossRef
Exposure of Infants to Aflatoxin M1 from Mother's Breast Milk in Ilam, Western Iran
Farajollah Maleki, Soghra Abdi, Elaham Davodian, Karimeh Haghani, Salar Bakhtiyari
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2015;6(5):283-287.   Published online October 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2015.10.001
  • 2,974 View
  • 18 Download
  • 30 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Aflatoxins as a highly toxic group of mycotoxins are present in the environment and foodstuff. These have been reported to cause serious health problems in humans. Since aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is excreted into breast milk, investigating the exposure of infants to AFM1 is of special concern.
Methods
In the present study, breast milk samples were collected from 85 lactating mothers in Ilam province, Iran, and the levels of AFM1 were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay-based technique. AFM1 was detected in breast milk of all lactating women. The mean contamination level was 5.91 ± 2.031 ng/L, ranging from 2 ng/L to 10 ng/L.
Results
Multiple regression analysis indicated no significant associations of consumption of milk and dairy products, meat, fish, legumes, grain products, fruits, and nuts with the concentration of AFM1 in breast milk. Furthermore, no significant association was observed between AFM1 concentration and anthropometric data of infants.
Conclusion
In western parts of Iran, lactating mothers and their infants could be at risk of aflatoxin B1 and AFM1 exposure, respectively. Therefore, in Iran, the evaluation of AFM1 in human breast milk as a biomarker for postnatal exposure of infants to this carcinogen requires more attention in different regions and various seasons.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Aflatoxins: Source, Detection, Clinical Features and Prevention
    Solomon Abrehame, Valsa Remony Manoj, Merry Hailu, Yu-Yi Chen, Yu-Chun Lin, Yen-Po Chen
    Processes.2023; 11(1): 204.     CrossRef
  • Does Bentonite Cause Cytotoxic and Whole-Transcriptomic Adverse Effects in Enterocytes When Used to Reduce Aflatoxin B1 Exposure?
    Greta Mucignat, Irene Bassan, Mery Giantin, Marianna Pauletto, Anisa Bardhi, Silvia Iori, Rosa Maria Lopparelli, Andrea Barbarossa, Anna Zaghini, Enrico Novelli, Mauro Dacasto
    Toxins.2022; 14(7): 435.     CrossRef
  • Effects of stem cells and amniotic fluid on uterus and ovaries in a rat model of abdominal adhesions: a controlled study
    Elif Ganime Aygün, Gamze Tümentemur
    Journal of the Turkish-German Gynecological Associ.2022; 23(3): 154.     CrossRef
  • Effects of aflatoxin B1 on human breast cancer (MCF-7) cells: cytotoxicity, oxidative damage, metabolic, and immune-modulatory transcriptomic changes
    Ahmed Aljazzar, Waleed Rizk El-Ghareeb, Wageh Sobhy Darwish, Sherief M. Abdel-Raheem, Abdelazim M. Ibrahim, Eman E. Hegazy, Esraa A. Mohamed
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research.2022; 30(5): 13132.     CrossRef
  • A promising innovative technique for mycotoxin detoxification from beverages using biofilms of lactic acid bacteria
    Sahar Nahle, André El Khoury, Jean Claude Assaf, Nicolas Louka, Ali Chokr, Ali Atoui
    Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies.2022; 82: 103165.     CrossRef
  • Human Breast Milk Contamination with Aflatoxins, Impact on Children’s Health, and Possible Control Means: A Review
    Noreddine Benkerroum, Amir Ismail
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(24): 16792.     CrossRef
  • miR-155 influences cell-mediated immunity in Balb/c mice treated with aflatoxin M1
    Kobra Shirani, Bamdad Riahi Zanjani, Soghra Mehri, Kamal Razavi-Azarkhiavi, Ali Badiee, A. Wallace Hayes, John P. Giesy, Gholamreza Karimi
    Drug and Chemical Toxicology.2021; 44(1): 39.     CrossRef
  • Human milk mycotoxin contamination: smoking exposure and breastfeeding problems
    Esra Yasemin Memiş, Sıddıka Songül Yalçın
    The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine.2021; 34(1): 31.     CrossRef
  • Biological Control and Mitigation of Aflatoxin Contamination in Commodities
    Ferenc Peles, Péter Sipos, Szilvia Kovács, Zoltán Győri, István Pócsi, Tünde Pusztahelyi
    Toxins.2021; 13(2): 104.     CrossRef
  • Mycotoxin carry-over in breast milk and weight of infant in exclusively-breastfed infants
    Esra Yasemin Memiş, Sıddıka Songül Yalçın, Suzan Yalçın
    Archives of Environmental & Occupational Health.2021; 76(6): 313.     CrossRef
  • Physical and Chemical Methods for Reduction in Aflatoxin Content of Feed and Food
    Péter Sipos, Ferenc Peles, Dóra Lili Brassó, Béla Béri, Tünde Pusztahelyi, István Pócsi, Zoltán Győri
    Toxins.2021; 13(3): 204.     CrossRef
  • Biocontrol of Aflatoxins Using Non-Aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus: A Literature Review
    Rahim Khan, Farinazleen Mohamad Ghazali, Nor Ainy Mahyudin, Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
    Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(5): 381.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin Biosynthesis, Genetic Regulation, Toxicity, and Control Strategies: A Review
    Rahim Khan, Farinazleen Mohamad Ghazali, Nor Ainy Mahyudin, Nik Iskandar Putra Samsudin
    Journal of Fungi.2021; 7(8): 606.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin M1 contamination level in Iranian milk and dairy products: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    S. Hamzeh Pour, S. Mahmoudi, S. Masoumi, S. Rezaie, A. Barac, M. Ranjbaran, S. Oliya, F. Mehravar, E. Sasani, F. Noorbakhsh, S. Khodavaisy
    World Mycotoxin Journal.2020; 13(1): 67.     CrossRef
  • Levels of Aflatoxin M1 and selected heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Fe, As, and Hg) in the breast milk of lactating mothers in South Eastern, Nigeria
    Chidinma Lynda Ekeanyanwu, Chinwe Sylvanus Alisi, Raphael Chukwuma Ekeanyanwu
    Food Control.2020; 112: 107150.     CrossRef
  • Dietary mycotoxins exposure and child growth, immune system, morbidity, and mortality: a systematic literature review
    Kokeb Tesfamariam, Marthe De Boevre, Patrick Kolsteren, Tefera Belachew, Addisalem Mesfin, Sarah De Saeger, Carl Lachat
    Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition.2020; 60(19): 3321.     CrossRef
  • Occurrence of and Factors Associated With the Presence of Aflatoxin M1 in Breast Milk of Mothers in Fethiye, Turkey
    Gonca Karayağiz Muslu, Mehmet Özdemir
    Biological Research For Nursing.2020; 22(3): 362.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin exposure among lactating women in southern Ethiopia
    Bergene Boshe, Samson Gebremedhin, Fikadu Alemayehu, Mesfin Eshete, Mestawet Taye, Barbara J. Stoecker
    Food Science & Nutrition.2020; 8(12): 6738.     CrossRef
  • An assessment of the occurrence and nutritional factors associated with aflatoxin M1, ochratoxin A, and zearalenone in the breast milk of nursing mothers in Hamadan, Iran
    Fateme Samiee, Ava Kharazi, Jomana Elaridi, Masoumeh Taravati Javad, Mostafa Leili
    Toxicon.2020; 187: 209.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin, fumonisin, ochratoxin, zearalenone and deoxynivalenol biomarkers in human biological fluids: A systematic literature review, 2001–2018
    Belqes Ahmad Al-Jaal, Morana Jaganjac, Andrei Barcaru, Peter Horvatovich, Aishah Latiff
    Food and Chemical Toxicology.2019; 129: 211.     CrossRef
  • Concentration and Prevalence of Aflatoxin M1 in Human Breast Milk in Iran: Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Carcinogenic Risk Assessment: A Review
    Yadolah Fakhri, Raheb Ghorbani, Mahmoud Taghavi, Hassan Keramati, Nazak Amanidaz, Bigard Moradi, Simin Hagh Nazari, Nabi Shariatifar, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
    Journal of Food Protection.2019; 82(5): 785.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin M1 in human breast milk: A global systematic review, meta-analysis, and risk assessment study (Monte Carlo simulation)
    Yadolah Fakhri, Jamal Rahmani, Carlos Augusto Fernandes Oliveira, Larissa Tuanny Franco, Carlos Humberto Corassin, Sumbal Saba, Jamal Rafique, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
    Trends in Food Science & Technology.2019; 88: 333.     CrossRef
  • The occurrence of mycotoxins in breast milk, fruit products and cereal-based infant formula: A review
    Carolina Fernanda Sengling Cebin Coppa, Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Paula Alvito, Ricardo Assunção, Carla Martins, Ismail Eş, Bruna Leonel Gonçalves, Diane Valganon de Neeff, Anderson S. Sant'Ana, Carlos Humberto Corassin, Carlos Augusto Fernandes Oliveira
    Trends in Food Science & Technology.2019; 92: 81.     CrossRef
  • Exposure assessment of Portuguese infants to Aflatoxin M1 in breast milk and maternal social-demographical and food consumption determinants
    Fernando Bogalho, Sofia Duarte, Maria Cardoso, Anabela Almeida, Ricardo Cabeças, Celeste Lino, Angelina Pena
    Food Control.2018; 90: 140.     CrossRef
  • Occurrence and dietary factors associated with the presence of aflatoxin B1 and M1 in breast milk of nursing mothers in Iran
    Manizheh Azarikia, Reza Mahdavi, Leila Nikniaz
    Food Control.2018; 86: 207.     CrossRef
  • Concentration of Aflatoxin M 1 and selected heavy metals in mother milk samples from Pakistan
    Sarah Khan, Amir Ismail, Yun Yun Gong, Saeed Akhtar, Majid Hussain
    Food Control.2018; 91: 344.     CrossRef
  • Immunotoxicity of aflatoxin M1: as a potent suppressor of innate and acquired immune systems in a subacute study
    Kobra Shirani, Bamdad R Zanjani, Mahmoud Mahmoudi, Amir H Jafarian, Faezeh V Hassani, John P Giesy, Gholamreza Karimi
    Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture.2018; 98(15): 5884.     CrossRef
  • Natural occurrence of aflatoxin M 1 in fresh cow milk and human milk in Penang, Malaysia
    Nor Shifa Shuib, Ahmad Makahleh, Salizawati Muhamad Salhimi, Bahruddin Saad
    Food Control.2017; 73: 966.     CrossRef
  • Aflatoxin M1in human breast milk in Shahrekord, Iran and association with dietary factors
    Tina Jafari, Aziz A. Fallah, Soleiman Kheiri, Abdolmajid Fadaei, Sayed Asadollah Amini
    Food Additives & Contaminants: Part B.2017; 10(2): 128.     CrossRef
  • Biomonitoring of Mycotoxins in Human Breast Milk: Current State and Future Perspectives
    Benedikt Warth, Dominik Braun, Chibundu N. Ezekiel, Paul C. Turner, Gisela H. Degen, Doris Marko
    Chemical Research in Toxicology.2016; 29(7): 1087.     CrossRef

PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives