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Original Articles
- Role of Active and Inactive Cytotoxic Immune Response in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Dynamics
- Hernan Dario Toro Zapata, Angelica Graciela Caicedo Casso, Derdei Bichara, Sunmi Lee
- Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(1):3-8. Published online February 28, 2014
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.01.001
- 2,936 View
- 26 Download
- 8 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF - Objectives
Mathematical models can be helpful to understand the complex dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus infection within a host. Most of work has studied the interactions of host responses and virus in the presence of active cytotoxic immune cells, which decay to zero when there is no virus. However, recent research highlights that cytotoxic immune cells can be inactive but never be depleted.
Methods
We propose a mathematical model to investigate the human immunodeficiency virus dynamics in the presence of both active and inactive cytotoxic immune cells within a host. We explore the impact of the immune responses on the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus infection under different disease stages.
Results
Standard mathematical and numerical analyses are presented for this new model. Specifically, the basic reproduction number is computed and local and global stability analyses are discussed.
Conclusion
Our results can give helpful insights when designing more effective drug schedules in the presence of active and inactive immune responses. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- A Multi-Scale Model for the Spread of HIV in a Population Considering the Immune Status of People
Sol de Amor Vásquez-Quintero, Hernán Darío Toro-Zapata, Dennis Alexánder Prieto-Medellín
Processes.2021; 9(11): 1924. CrossRef - Qualitative investigation of cytolytic and noncytolytic immune response in an HBV model
John G. Alford, Stephen A. McCoy
Involve, a Journal of Mathematics.2020; 13(3): 455. CrossRef - Mathematical Model Describing HIV Infection with Time-Delayed CD4 T-Cell Activation
Hernán Darío Toro-Zapata, Carlos Andrés Trujillo-Salazar, Edwin Mauricio Carranza-Mayorga
Processes.2020; 8(7): 782. CrossRef - The Role of Immune Response in Optimal HIV Treatment Interventions
Hernán Toro-Zapata, Angélica Caicedo-Casso, Sunmi Lee
Processes.2018; 6(8): 102. CrossRef - Evaluación teórica de estrategias óptimas y sub-óptimas de terapia antirretroviral para el control de la infección por VIH
Hernán Darío Toro-Zapata, Carlos Andrés Trujillo-Salazar, Dennis Alexánder Prieto-Medellín
Revista de Salud Pública.2018; 20(1): 117. CrossRef - Summing Up Again
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2014; 5(4): 177. CrossRef - Roll the Dice
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2014; 5(5): 243. CrossRef - Journal Publishing: Never Ending Saga
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2014; 5(1): 1. CrossRef
- A Multi-Scale Model for the Spread of HIV in a Population Considering the Immune Status of People
Lon Mutant ofBrucella abortus Induces Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Murine J774.A1 Macrophage- Sungdo Park, Young-Sill Choi, Sang-Hee Park, Young-Rok Kim, Hyuk Chu, Kyu-Jam Hwang, Mi-Yeoun Park
- Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2013;4(6):301-307. Published online December 31, 2013
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2013.10.002
- 3,218 View
- 20 Download
- 7 Crossref
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Abstract
PDF
- Objectives
The objective of this study was to isolate a Brucella lon mutant and to analyze the cytokine response of B. lon mutant during macrophage infection.
Methods
A wild-type Brucella abortus strain was mutagenized by Tn5 transposition. From the mouse macrophage J774.A1 cells, total RNA was isolated at 0 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours after infection with Brucella. Using mouse cytokine microarrays, we measured transcriptional levels of the cytokine response, and validated our results with a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay to confirm the induction of cytokine messenger RNA (mRNA).
Results
In host J774.A1 macrophages, mRNA levels of T helper 1 (Th1)-type cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), interleukin-2 (IL-2), and IL-3, were significantly higher in the lon mutant compared to wild-type Brucella and the negative control. TNF-α levels in cell culture media were induced as high as 2 μg/mL after infection with the lon mutant, a greater than sixfold change.
Conclusion
In order to understand the role of the lon protein in virulence, we identified and characterized a novel B. lon mutant. We compared the immune response it generates to the wild-type Brucella response in a mouse macrophage cell line. We demonstrated that the B. lon mutants induce TNF-α expression from the host J774.A1 macrophage. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Structure, Substrate Specificity and Role of Lon Protease in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Survival
Perumalraja Kirthika, Khristine Kaith Sison Lloren, Vijayakumar Jawalagatti, John Hwa Lee
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(4): 3422. CrossRef - ClpP protease modulates bacterial growth, stress response, and bacterial virulence in Brucella abortus
Dongjie Sun, Yufu Liu, Xiaowei Peng, Hao Dong, Hui Jiang, Xuezheng Fan, Yu Feng, Jiali Sun, Kun Han, Qiang Gao, Jianrui Niu, Jiabo Ding
Veterinary Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Brucella abortus Encodes an Active Rhomboid Protease: Proteome Response after Rhomboid Gene Deletion
María Inés Marchesini, Ansgar Poetsch, Leticia Soledad Guidolín, Diego J. Comerci
Microorganisms.2022; 10(1): 114. CrossRef - Proteomics of Brucella
Ansgar Poetsch, María Inés Marchesini
Proteomes.2020; 8(2): 8. CrossRef - Outer Membrane Vesicles From Brucella melitensis Modulate Immune Response and Induce Cytoskeleton Rearrangement in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells
Eric Daniel Avila-Calderón, Olín Medina-Chávez, Leopoldo Flores-Romo, José Manuel Hernández-Hernández, Luis Donis-Maturano, Ahidé López-Merino, Beatriz Arellano-Reynoso, Ma. Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola, Enrico A. Ruiz, Zulema Gomez-Lunar, Sharon Witonsky,
Frontiers in Microbiology.2020;[Epub] CrossRef - RNA-seq reveals the critical role of Lon protease in stress response and Brucella virulence
Yufu Liu, Hao Dong, Xiaowei Peng, Qiang Gao, Hui Jiang, Guanlong Xu, Yuming Qin, Jianrui Niu, Shijing Sun, Peng Li, Jiabo Ding, Ruiai Chen
Microbial Pathogenesis.2019; 130: 112. CrossRef - Brucella Downregulates Tumor Necrosis Factor-α to Promote Intracellular Survival via Omp25 Regulation of Different MicroRNAs in Porcine and Murine Macrophages
Xiaomao Luo, Xiujuan Zhang, Xingchen Wu, Xuefeng Yang, Cong Han, Zhengyu Wang, Qian Du, Xiaomin Zhao, Shan-Lu Liu, Dewen Tong, Yong Huang
Frontiers in Immunology.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
- Structure, Substrate Specificity and Role of Lon Protease in Bacterial Pathogenesis and Survival
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