Objectives This study examined the association between lifestyle inflammation score (LIS) and health-related quality of life, assessed using the EuroQol-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) index, among adults in the Republic of Korea. It also evaluated whether depressive symptoms moderated this association.
Methods Data from the 2024 Community Health Survey were analyzed, and 231,386 adults were included. LIS was calculated by integrating smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and body mass index. The dependent variable, quality of life, was assessed using the EQ-5D index. Depressive symptoms, the moderator variable, were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, with a score of ≥10 indicating depressive symptoms. Data were analyzed using complex-sample multivariable linear regression to examine interaction effects according to depressive symptom status, followed by simple-slope analyses.
Results After adjustment for demographic and health-related variables, LIS was significantly and negatively associated with the EQ-5D index (β=–0.0069, p<0.001), indicating that higher levels of inflammation-related lifestyle behaviors were associated with poorer quality of life. Depressive symptoms significantly moderated the association between LIS and the EQ-5D index (β=–0.01727, p<0.001). Simple-slope analyses showed that the adverse association between LIS and quality of life was stronger among individuals with depressive symptoms (β=–0.02349) than among those without depressive symptoms (β=–0.00621).
Conclusion Inflammation-related lifestyle behaviors were associated with reduced quality of life, and this negative association was stronger among individuals with depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that considering both lifestyle-related inflammatory burden and depressive symptoms may help explain population-level differences in quality of life.
Objectives This study examined the predictive role of child health problems and social determinants in postpartum depression (PPD), with the aim of supporting early screening strategies and more comprehensive maternal health policies.
Methods This cross-sectional study used secondary data from the 2023 Indonesia Health Survey, conducted by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. The analysis included 26,656 postpartum women aged at least 15 years who had given birth within the previous 24 months. PPD was assessed using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the data.
Results Child health problems were among the strongest factors associated with PPD in Indonesia. Having had an unplanned pregnancy was associated with higher odds of PPD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.90–5.25; p<0.001), as was having a child with chronic illness (aOR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.01–5.26; p=0.048). Social risk factors, including younger maternal age, divorce or separation from a partner, unemployment, and lack of social support, were also associated with PPD in Indonesia.
Conclusion Child health problems and adverse social conditions were significantly associated with postpartum mental health in Indonesia. Integrating early screening into maternal and child health services and strengthening maternal support systems may help reduce the burden of PPD.
Objectives This study examined the associations between digital literacy and self-rated health (SRH), depression, and life satisfaction among older adults in the Republic of Korea.
Methods Data were obtained from the 2023 National Survey of Older Koreans (n=9,951). Digital literacy was evaluated based on participants’ ability to use 8 smartphone functions and their perceived difficulty adapting to a digital society. Dependent variables included SRH, depression (measured using the short form of Geriatric Depression Scale), and life satisfaction (assessed through a composite score across 7 domains). Multiple logistic regression was applied for SRH and depression, while linear regression was conducted for life satisfaction, adjusting for sociodemographic and health-related covariates.
Results Higher digital literacy was significantly associated with better SRH and greater life satisfaction. Compared to participants with no digital skills, those with moderate or high digital literacy had higher odds of reporting good SRH and significantly higher life satisfaction scores. Older adults who reported difficulty adapting to a digital society demonstrated significantly lower SRH and life satisfaction. However, after adjusting for covariates, the association between digital literacy and depression was not statistically significant.
Conclusion Higher digital literacy is linked to better SRH and greater life satisfaction. Moreover, digital literacy reduced the explanatory power of socioeconomic variables, suggesting that it serves as an important behavioral determinant. These findings underscore the importance of promoting digital literacy as a means of improving health equity and well-being in aging populations.
Objectives This study aimed to explore the effects of a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program on stroke patients, as well as their experiences participating in the program. Methods: This study employed a mixed-methods design, integrating qualitative case studies with quantitative analysis. We included 20 stroke patients, randomly divided into 2 groups of 10 each: an experimental group and a control group. The experimental group underwent a CBT program comprising 20 sessions, in addition to receiving general occupational therapy. Conversely, the control group participated in meditation relaxation sessions alongside their general occupational therapy. Both interventions were administered daily for 60 minutes, 5 days a week, over a 4-week period. Results: After the intervention, the experimental group exhibited significant improvements in depression, anxiety, self-efficacy, and rehabilitation motivation (p<0.01, p<0.05). In contrast, the control group only demonstrated a significant reduction in anxiety (p<0.05). A comparison of the changes between the 2 groups showed significant differences in depression and anxiety (p<0.01), but no significant differences in self-efficacy and rehabilitation motivation (p>0.05). In-depth interviews with 10 participants from the experimental group were conducted and analyzed, revealing 4 core themes: “psychological stability,” “physical symptom relief,” “altered daily routines,” and “challenges and hopes for change.” Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that CBT programs may serve as a valuable intervention, offering psychological support and rehabilitation for stroke patients.
Objectives Social activities are important and influential factors for healthy aging. However, limited information is available regarding the associations of the type and intensity of social participation with health and well-being. This study aimed to investigate how various types of social activities are associated with several dimensions of health outcomes. Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized data from the Seventh Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging, which included 5,526 adults aged 60 years and older. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to analyze the associations of social activities with depression, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. Additionally, subgroup analyses by sex and age were performed. Results: Among the participants, 73.5% reported involvement in at least 1 of the 4 types of social engagement. After adjustment for all covariates, individuals who participated in any social activity reported better self-rated health and higher life satisfaction compared to those who did not participate. However, the intensity of engagement in different social activities had varying impacts on subjective health outcomes. An increased level of participation was associated with a lower rate of depression and improved self-rated health. However, no significant differences were observed in the relationship between the intensity of participation in activities (with the exception of alumni societies or family councils) and life satisfaction. Conclusion: This study suggests that to improve their health, older adults in the Republic of Korea should not only engage in social activities but also do so actively and regularly.
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Objectives This study investigated changes in the health behaviors of the elderly due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and healthrelated quality of life (HRQOL), and aimed to identify factors that affect depression and HRQOL in the elderly. Methods: This study was conducted using data from the 2021 Community Health Survey of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. From a total sample size of 229,242 individuals, 74,376 elderly people aged 65 or older were selected as subjects, and changes in health behaviors, concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and HRQOL were measured and analyzed. Results: The level of depression associated with sleep and fatigue was high. The lowest HRQOL was related to physical pain and discomfort, while the most common concerns were related to economic difficulties. Factors influencing depression included worries about infection and economic harm, while factors impacting HRQOL encompassed concerns about infection, economic harm, and criticism from others. Conclusion: If an infectious disease situation such as COVID-19 reoccurs in the future, it will be necessary to encourage participation in hybrid online and offline programs at senior welfare centers. This should also extend to community counseling institutions like mental health welfare centers. Additionally, establishing connections with stable senior job projects can help to mitigate the effects of social interaction restrictions, physical and psychological health issues, and economic difficulties experienced by the elderly.
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Objectives We assessed the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among adolescents living in families with separated or divorced parents in Hue City, Vietnam and identified factors associated with these conditions.
Methods This cross-sectional study enrolled 309 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years, living in families with separated or divorced parents in Hue City, Vietnam. The depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to measure stress, anxiety, and depression. Predictors of overall and individual mental health problems were identified using ordered and binary logistic regression, respectively.
Results The DASS-21 scale revealed a 49.2% prevalence of stress, while anxiety and depression had s prevalence rates of 61.5%. Among participants, 42.4% experienced all 3 mental health issues. Several factors were identified as significant predictors of mental health problems, including poor to average economic status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–3.31; p=0.007); being in high school (aOR, 5.02; 95% CI, 2.93–8.60; p<0.001); maternal occupation of teacher, healthcare professional, or official (aOR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.13–5.03; p=0.022); longer duration of family separation or divorce (aOR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05–1.45; p=0.009); living with one’s mother (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.03–2.76; p=0.04); alcohol consumption (aOR, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.99–2.92; p=0.050); and being bullied (aOR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.10–25.69; p=0.037). Most of these factors were associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, smoking was associated with stress.
Conclusion Adolescents with separated or divorced parents were at increased risk of stress, anxiety, and depression. The findings of this study provide important implications for prevention programs.
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Objectives
This study aimed to identify sex differences in the association between depression and the risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD).
Methods
A secondary analysis was conducted of data from the fifth to seventh waves (2010−2018) of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The participants were adults aged 30−74 years who had no diagnosis of CVD. The CVD risk was calculated using the Framingham Risk Score algorithm. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify the association between depression and CVD risk using a complex sample design.
Results
The mean CVD risk was higher in males and females with current depression (14.72% vs. 6.35%, respectively) than in males without current depression (11.67% and 4.42%, respectively). Current depression showed a significant association with CVD risk after controlling for only health-related characteristics, but the significance disappeared in both males and females when demographic characteristics were additionally controlled.
Conclusion
The presence of depression was not associated with CVD risk regardless of sex after controlling for confounding factors. Further studies are recommended to investigate the relationship between depression and CVD risk in a larger sample of both males and females with depression.
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Sex-specific risks for cardiovascular disease across the specific depressive symptoms spectrum: A national prospective cohort study Yu-Hua Liu, Lu Zhai, Rong-Rui Huo, Cui Ma General Hospital Psychiatry.2025; 94: 37. CrossRef
Sex Differences in the Association Between Depression and Incident Cardiovascular Disease Keitaro Senoo, Hidehiro Kaneko, Kensuke Ueno, Yuta Suzuki, Akira Okada, Katsuhito Fujiu, Taisuke Jo, Norifumi Takeda, Hiroyuki Morita, Kentaro Kamiya, Junya Ako, Koichi Node, Hideo Yasunaga, Issei Komuro JACC: Asia.2024; 4(4): 279. CrossRef
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The objective of this study was to determine the association between e-cigarette use and depression and examine how this association is different by gender among US adults.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data from the 2017 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and Selected Metropolitan/Micropolitan Area Risk Trends was used, and included 174,351 of 230,875 US adults aged 18 years and older. Data were analyzed using the multivariate logistic regression models.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>After adjusting for age, race, education, income, marital status, employment status, smoking status, and physical activity, firstly, “current daily e-cigarette users” (AOR = 2.487, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), “current non-daily e-cigarette users” (AOR = 1.623, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001), and “former e-cigarette users” (AOR = 1.573, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001) were associated with increased odds of depression compared with “never e-cigarette users.” Secondly, women were associated with increased odds of depression compared with men (AOR = 1.797, <italic>p</italic> < 0.001). Finally, male “current daily e-cigarette users” (AOR = 1.366, <italic>p</italic> < 0.01) were associated with increased odds of depression compared with female “never e-cigarette users.”</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Thus, even though women tend to be more vulnerable to depression compared with men, e-cigarette use was positively associated with depression among both men and women.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical activities, mental health, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of osteoarthritis patients.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>This study was conducted using data from the first year of the 7<sup>th</sup> Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. There were 8,150 participants included in the survey, and 665 participants had been diagnosed with osteoarthritis. This study analyzed the measurements of physical activities, depression, and HRQOL in participants with osteoarthritis.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The mean age of the participants was 67 ± 9.9 years and 83.1% were female. Participants rarely engaged in work-related physical activity, and engaged in leisure-related physical activities infrequently. Most of the participants (85.9%) did not do regular exercise, but 1/3 of the participants walked for over 10 minutes a day. “Pain/discomfort” had the least impact upon HRQOL, and among the depression subcategories, “difficult to sleep and tiredness” had the most impact. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that an adverse HRQOL score was statistically significantly associated with “location changes/physical activities” (<italic>p</italic> < 0. 01), “depression” (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001) and “age” (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Exercise programs should be in place which are manageable in everyday life for the elderly (> 65 years). Changes in daily routine so that patients become more active, should be supported by the family and community, together with assistance in managing psychological problems such as depression.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>Misperception of weight status is a risk factor that affects psychological health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between weight misperception patterns and psychological distress among Iranian children and adolescents.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>This was a cross-sectional nationwide study where data was collected from 14,440 students, aged 7–18 years who participated in the national school-based surveillance program (CASPIAN-V). The students’ weight perception and psychological distress were assessed by validated questionnaires. Weight misperception was classified as misperception of being either underweight or overweight with respect to actual weight.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The rate of weight misperception in all study participants was 59.1%. In groups with a perception of being underweight or overweight, the risks of worthlessness, being worried, experiencing aggression, insomnia, or depression, were significantly higher than groups with an accurate weight perception (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05). The risk of anxiety in girls of normal weight who perceived themselves as underweight, decreased by 57% compared to girls with an accurate weight perception (OR: 0.43; 95% CI, 0.28–0.66).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Weight misperception is highly prevalent among Iranian children and adolescents and is associated with their psychological health status. Appropriate education intervention needs to be developed to improve the children and adolescents’ perception of their body weight status.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>Harmful alcohol consumption is associated with considerable social and economic damage to individuals and society. Because gender and ethnic background influence alcohol intake differently, examining gender specific factors influencing harmful drinking is necessary. This study investigated gender differences in alcohol consumption, harmful drinking, and the associated factors among Korean adults.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>We analyzed the data from the 2012–2015 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data from survey participants aged 20–64 years (<italic>N</italic> = 18,581) were included. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test was used for alcohol dependence, and pooled weights were used. Chi-squared tests and multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The prevalence of harmful alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test score ≥ 16) was 10.7% in the total sample; 18.4% in men and 3.4% in women, which constituted a significant difference. Education, marital status, smoking, perceived stress, and depressive feeling were associated with harmful drinking in both genders. However, household income, occupation, and perceived health status were associated with harmful drinking only in men.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Since there are gender differences in harmful drinking and alcohol dependence, gender tailored prevention and intervention strategies for alcohol dependence are necessary including consideration of smoking, stress, and depressive feeling.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The aim of this study was to compare the sociodemographic characteristics, depression, and the health-related quality of life outcome, among the Korean elderly population, with and without activity limitation.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>The data used was drawn from the raw data of the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (<italic>N</italic> = 8,150). There were 1,632 records for individuals aged 65 or older extracted from the seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database, 199 of those had missing responses (<italic>n</italic> = 1,433). Differences within the sociodemographic characteristic, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the EuroQol-5 Dimension were analyzed using logistic regression analysis according to the presence or absence of activity limitation.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The prevalence of activity limitation among the elderly individuals surveyed was 19.9%. In the unadjusted regression analysis, the odds ratios of all independent variables (age, gender, education level, type of region, family income, the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, all 5 domains of the EuroQol-5 Dimension) between the elderly individuals with and without activity limitation, were significant. Although, in the adjusted logistic regression analysis, it was observed that the only factors that were significantly associated with activity limitation were the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, EuroQol-5 Dimension, type of region, and family income.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>These findings demonstrated that activity limitation in elderly individuals is associated with the sociodemographic characteristics of family income and type of region of residence, as well as depression and the health-related quality of life outcome.</p></sec>
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Higher physical activity is associated with lower activity limitation: Cross-sectional analyses among the Spanish working population R. López-Bueno, G.F. López-Sánchez, L. Smith, E. Sundstrup, L.L. Andersen, J.A. Casajús Science & Sports.2023; 38(3): 247. CrossRef
Self-Reported Reasons for Activity Limitations According to Age and Sex in Community-Dwelling Stroke Survivors Young-Ah Choi, Yeo Hyung Kim Healthcare.2023; 11(10): 1420. CrossRef
Comparative analysis of health status and health service utilization patterns among rural and urban elderly populations in Hungary: a study on the challenges of unhealthy aging Nora Kovacs, Peter Piko, Attila Juhasz, Csilla Nagy, Beatrix Oroszi, Zoltan Ungvari, Roza Adany GeroScience.2023; 46(2): 2017. CrossRef
Associations between Depressive Symptoms and Satisfaction with Meaningful Activities in Community-Dwelling Japanese Older Adults Michio Maruta, Hyuma Makizako, Yuriko Ikeda, Hironori Miyata, Atsushi Nakamura, Gwanghee Han, Suguru Shimokihara, Keiichiro Tokuda, Takuro Kubozono, Mitsuru Ohishi, Kounosuke Tomori, Takayuki Tabira Journal of Clinical Medicine.2020; 9(3): 795. CrossRef
<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The objective was to identify restricted physical activity in patients with depression, and to determine the effects of that restricted activity, on their health-related quality of life (HRQOL).</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data was analysed from Year 1 of the 7th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VII-1). From a total sample of 8,150 subjects, 277 adults aged ≥19 years who were diagnosed with depression were selected. The results were derived using restricted activity and HRQOL data measured from the subjects.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>Most of the participants were females ≥ 50 years old. HRQOL scores were high in the “self-care” dimension and low in the “pain/discomfort” and “anxiety/depression” dimensions. Their restricted activity due to illness in the past year, led to increases in participants being bedridden or absent from work. Many participants reported being bedridden for more than 3 months. A higher number of absences owing to illness in the past year, and longer durations of being bedridden, had a negative impact on HRQOL. Age, marital status, educational level, income level, and occupation were the sociodemographic variables that had an impact on HRQOL.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>Patients with depression experiencing stress in their daily lives should take measures to avoid illness and pain that may lead to them becoming bedridden, and employ lifestyle habits with support from families and community health promotion centres, where mental health counselling can be accessed.</p></sec>
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Childhood trauma, inflammatory biomarkers and the presence of a current depressive episode: Is there a relationship in subjects from a population study? Leonardo Carvalho Oliveira, Natália Wirowski, Pedro Borges de Souza, Andressa Schneider Lobato, Karen Jansen, Taiane de Azevedo Cardoso, Thaíse Campos Mondin, Jean Pierre Oses, Flávio Kapczinski, Luciano Dias de Mattos Souza, Ricardo Azevedo da Silva, Fer Journal of Psychiatric Research.2023; 158: 255. CrossRef
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The aim of this study was to determine whether there were differences in mental health specific to regions in Korea, and the factors that affected mental health status.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data from the 2016 Community Health Survey in Korea were used; 224,421 health survey participants provided responses on mental health issues, demographics, and health behavior, and were included in the study.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>A statistically significant difference was observed in the incidence of mental health status between different regions of Korea. Independent variables that affected mental health were sex, age, marital status, household income, economic activity, whether living with dementia patients, self-reported health status, smoking, alcohol drinking, sleep time, and chronic diseases. Risk factors associated with symptoms of depression were gender (female), bereavement or being divorced, low household income, family member with dementia, poor self-reported health status, currently smoking, level of physical activity, insufficient hours of sleep and suffering from chronic diseases.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>This study suggests that a standardized healthcare policy is needed to reduce regional variation in mental health. In the future, similar studies that include medical expenses for mental healthcare and relevant variables according to regions of Korea should be conducted.</p></sec>
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<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>The purpose of this study was to identify the current state of physical activity in adults with diabetes and to investigate the effect of physical activity on depression.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>The present study was conducted using data from the 2<sup>nd</sup> year of the 6<sup>th</sup> Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey. From the total of 7,550 individuals, 418 adults diagnosed with diabetes were selected as participants, and their physical activity and depression levels were examined.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The physical activity status of the participants showed that they did not usually engage in physical activities at work, and only a few participants were involved in moderate intensity physical leisure activity. Apart from walking for 10 minutes each day, which accounted for 1/3 of the participants, most of the participants did not engage in specific forms of exercise. An examination of the effects of physical activity on depression revealed that moderate intensity physical activity at work and leisure influenced depression. In terms of demographic characteristics, gender, occupation, income quintile, and subjective health status were all found to affect depression.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>For elderly (60 years or older) patients with diabetes, which accounted for the majority of the diabetic population, a systematic leisure program and professional education are necessary to help them to manage stress and depression in daily life. Additionally, provision of community and family support should encourage regular, moderate intensity exercise and promote lifestyle changes to encourage increased physical activity.</p></sec>
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<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>This study aimed to identify the sex-based association between depression and the development of metabolic syndrome (Mets) among middle-aged and older Korean adults.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>A cross-sectional design was used for the secondary analysis of the 2010–2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Data from 1,938 men and 2,404 women were analyzed. Mets was defined in accordance with the criteria used for clinical diagnosis. Depression was assessed with a question about having clinical depression. The association between depression and the development of Mets with or without adjustment for covariates was identified by conducting logistic regression analysis on weighted data using a complex sample procedure.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>More women than men had depression. Before covariate adjustment, depression was significantly associated with the development of Mets among women (odds ratio [OR], 1.586; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.152–2.183) and with a higher triglyceride level among men (OR, 1.679; 95% CI, 1.001–2.818). After covariate adjustment; depression was significantly associated with higher waist circumference among women (adjusted OR [AOR], 1.532; 95% CI, 1.046–2.245) and higher triglyceride level (AOR, 1.511; 95% CI, 1.029–2.219) than was Mets. Conversely, depression did not have significant effects on the development of Mets among men.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Depression was associated with the development of Mets among middle-aged and older Korean women. Healthcare providers in communities should assess women with depression for the presence of Mets components. Interventions for relieving depressive symptoms should also be provided to women at risk for Mets.</p></sec>
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Objectives
This study investigated the status of sexual identity, perceived stigma, stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts. It also examined how sexual identity and “coming out” affect stress, depression, and suicidal ideation and attempts. Methods
Suicidal ideation, psychological health status, and health-related behaviors were assessed using the Internet to maximize the confidentiality of the participants, men who have sex with men (MSM). The data were collected from a total of 873 MSM aged between 19 years and 59 years in 2014. Results
Only 20.9% of the MSM had come out (18.0% voluntarily and 2.9% by others). The prevalences of perceived stress and depression among MSM were 46.7% and 42.7%, respectively, compared with 20.1% and 7.4% among general men. Approximately 32% of the MSM reported any suicidal ideation, and 3.3% had attempted suicide in the past year. The likelihood of suicidal ideation was significantly associated with being age 30–39 years [odds ratio (OR) = 1.8], high school or less (OR = 1.6), having been outed (OR = 5.2), feeling stressed (OR = 1.8), and feeling depressed (OR = 12.4) after sociodemographic factors and other perceptions were controlled for. Conclusion
The present study provides evidence that MSM are at an elevated risk for suicidal ideation and attempts with high stress and depression. Some risk factors were specific to being gay or bisexual in a hostile environment.
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Objectives
There are an increasing number of studies being carried out on depression in patients with diabetes. Individuals with diabetes have been reported as having a higher prevalence of depression compared to those without diabetes. However, only a few studies involving Korean patients have been conducted. The aims of this study were to examine the prevalence of depression and to find various risk factors according to the degree of depression among Korean patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods
An Ansan-community-based epidemiological study was conducted from 2005 to 2012. The total number of participants in this study was 3,540, from which patients with diabetes (<i>n</i> = 753) have been selected. The presence of depression was evaluated using the Beck Depression Inventory total score. Results
The prevalence of depression was 28.8%. The mean age of participants was 55.5 ± 8.2 years. We divided the participants into three groups (without-depression, moderate-depression, and severe-depression groups) to examine the depression prevalence among Korean T2DM patients. The unemployed participants had 2.40 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21–4.76], the low-income participants had 2.57 (95% CI 1.52–4.35), the participants using an oral diabetes medicine or insulin had 2.03 (95% CI 1.25–3.32), the participants who are currently smoking had 2.03 (95% CI 1.10–3.73), and those without regular exercise had 1.91 (95% CI 1.17–3.14) times higher odds of depression in the severe-depression group, compared with the without-depression group. Conclusion
There was a significant association between depression prevalence and diabetes, and we found various risk factors according to the degree of depression in Korean patients with T2DM.
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Objectives
Exposure to aircraft noise has been shown to have adverse health effects, causing annoyance and affecting the health-related quality of life, sleep, and mental states of those exposed to it. This study aimed to determine sleep quality in participants residing near an airfield and to evaluate the relationship between the levels of aircraft noise and sleep quality. Methods
Neighboring regions of a military airfield were divided into three groups: a high exposure group, a low exposure group, and a control group. A total of 1082 participants (aged 30–79 years) completed a comprehensive self-administered questionnaire requesting information about demographics, medical history, lifestyle, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Results
Of the 1082 participants, 1005 qualified for this study. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 45.5% in the control group, 71.8% in the low exposure group, and 77.1% in the high exposure group (<i>p</i> for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we determined the exposure–response relationship between the degree of aircraft noise and sleep quality. Of the participants with a normal mental status, the prevalence of sleep disturbance was 2.61-fold higher in the low exposure group and 3.52-fold higher in the high exposure group than in the control group. Conclusion
The relationship between aircraft noise and health should be further evaluated through a large-scale follow-up study.
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Objectives
To investigate the determinants of total medical expense for depression patients admitted through the emergency room (ER). Methods
Data were selected from the Korean National Health Insurance sample data for 2009. SPSS version 18 was used for the statistical analysis such as descriptive analysis, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Data included 1203 cases admitted through the ER with ICD-10 codes (F31–F39). Results
In the multiple regression analysis, significant variables affecting total payment were gender (<i>p</i> < 0.001), age (<i>p</i> < 0.001), main illness (<i>p</i> < 0.001), course of admission to the ER (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and length of stay (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Conclusion
It is necessary to build a long-term program and system for high-risk depression groups.
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