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Original Articles
Association between face covering policies and the incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 in European countries
Sookhyun Kim, Jiyoung Oh, Sangwoo Tak
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(1):31-39.   Published online February 1, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0287
  • 1,890 View
  • 71 Download
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study was conducted to determine the impact of the strengthening or relaxation of face covering mandates on the subsequent national case incidence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Europe as the full vaccination rate was increasing.
Methods
European countries in which case incidence increased for 3 consecutive weeks were monitored and analyzed using COVID-19 incidence data shared by the World Health Organization (WHO). The epidemic trend of COVID-19 in Europe was compared with that of countries elsewhere in the world based on WHO weekly epidemiological reports from June 20 to October 30, 2021. In addition, this study provided insight into the impact of government mask mandates on COVID-19 incidence in Europe by measuring the index scores of those facial covering policies before and after mandate relaxation or strengthening. The effects of the vaccination rate and the speed of vaccination on COVID-19 incidence were also analyzed.
Results
The incidence of COVID-19 after the relaxation of face covering mandates was significantly higher than before relaxation. However, no significant difference was observed in vaccination rate between countries with increased and decreased incidence. Instead, rapid vaccination delayed the resurgence in incidence.
Conclusion
The findings suggest that face covering policies in conjunction with rapid vaccination efforts are essential to help mitigate the spread of COVID-19.
Changes in the pattern and disease burden of acute respiratory viral infections before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
Chungmin Park, Donghan Lee, Bryan Inho Kim, Sujin Park, Gyehee Lee, Sangwoo Tak
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(3):203-211.   Published online June 30, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0144
  • 4,255 View
  • 167 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
We conducted a comparative analysis of the differences in the incidence of 8 acute respiratory viruses and the changes in their patterns before and during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: Three sentinel surveillance systems of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency and data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service were analyzed. The average numbers of reported cases and the related hospital admissions and outpatient data were compared between April 2018–2019 and 2020–2021. Changes in the disease burden and medical expenditures between these 2 time periods were evaluated. Results: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of reported cases of all acute respiratory viral infections, except for human bocavirus, decreased significantly. Data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service also showed decreases in the actual amount of medical service usage and a marked reduction in medical expenditures. Conclusion: Non-pharmacological interventions in response to COVID-19 showed preventive effects on the transmission of other respiratory viruses, as well as COVID-19. Although COVID-19 had a tremendous impact on society as a whole, with high social costs, there were also positive effects, such as a reduction in the incidence of acute respiratory viral infections.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Machine learning forecasts for seasonal epidemic peaks: Lessons learnt from an atypical respiratory syncytial virus season
    Roger A. Morbey, Daniel Todkill, Conall Watson, Alex J. Elliot, André Ricardo Ribas Freitas
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(9): e0291932.     CrossRef
Short Communication
COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
Seung Hwan Shin, Eonjoo Park, Sookhyun Kim, Minji Jang, Subin Park, Dong-Hwi Kim, Tae Jong Son, Ji-Hyuk Park
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(2):162-170.   Published online March 31, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0295
  • 4,117 View
  • 114 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
Relatively few studies have assessed risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in public facilities used by children and adolescents. This study presents an analysis of a COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in a taekwondo gym in Korea, predominantly among children and adolescents, with the aim of providing insights on managing COVID-19 outbreaks in similar facilities. Methods: All 108 taekwondo gym students and staff received COVID-19 tests. A survey and closed-circuit television analyses were used to identify risk factors. A univariate analysis was conducted, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis with backward elimination for variables with a significance level <0.10 in the univariate analysis. Results: COVID-19 was confirmed in 30 of 108 subjects at the taekwondo gym (attack rate, 27.8%). The outbreak started in an adult class student. This student transmitted the virus to the staff, who consequently transmitted the virus to adolescent students. In the univariate analysis, the relative risk for younger age (≤9 years) was 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–4.54; p=0.054), and that for food consumption inside the gym was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.04–4.30; p=0.048). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for younger age was 2.96 (95% CI, 1.07–8.20; p=0.036), and that for food consumption inside the gym was 3.00 (95% CI, 1.10–8.17; p=0.032). Conclusion: Food consumption inside the facility and young age were significant risk factors for COVID-19 transmission in this taekwondo gym. Food consumption should be prohibited in sports facilities, and infection prevention education for young students is also required.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Risk evaluation of venue types and human behaviors of COVID-19 outbreaks in public indoor environments: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Weiwei Huang, Caroline X. Gao, Danting Luo, Yong Wang, Xiaohong Zheng, Cong Liu, Ying Wang, Yuguo Li, Hua Qian
    Environmental Pollution.2024; 341: 122970.     CrossRef
  • SARS-CoV-2 transmission modes: Why and how contamination occurs around shared meals and drinks?
    Aure Saulnier, Jean-Michel Wendling, Benoit Hermant, Didier Lepelletier
    Food Microbiology.2023; 114: 104297.     CrossRef
  • Risk factors for COVID-19 outbreaks in livestock slaughtering and processing facilities in Republic of Korea
    Seongju Choi, Tae Jong Son, Yeon-Kyung Lee
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(3): 207.     CrossRef
  • The First Outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) at an Outdoor Camping Site in South Korea, 2020
    Na-Young Kim, Seonhee Ahn, GwangJin Kim, Donghyok Kwon, Young-Joon Park, Sang-Eun Lee
    Journal of Epidemiology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Protective facemask-induced facial thermal stress and breathing burden during exercise in gyms
    Qilong Zhong, Jiyun Song, Dachuan Shi, Chung-Hin Dung
    Building and Environment.2023; 244: 110840.     CrossRef
Review Articles
The role of lipids in the pathophysiology of coronavirus infections
Milad Zandi, Parastoo Hosseini, Saber Soltani, Azadeh Rasooli, Mona Moghadami, Sepideh Nasimzadeh, Farzane Behnezhad
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(5):278-285.   Published online October 15, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0153
  • 5,352 View
  • 163 Download
  • 2 Web of Science
  • 2 Crossref
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDF
Coronaviruses, which have been known to cause diseases in animals since the 1930s, utilize cellular components during their replication cycle. Lipids play important roles in viral infection, as coronaviruses target cellular lipids and lipid metabolism to modify their host cells to become an optimal environment for viral replication. Therefore, lipids can be considered as potential targets for the development of antiviral agents. This review provides an overview of the roles of cellular lipids in different stages of the life cycle of coronaviruses.

Citations

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  • PEDV inhibits HNRNPA3 expression by miR-218-5p to enhance cellular lipid accumulation and promote viral replication
    Xiaojie Shi, Qi Zhang, Naling Yang, Quanqiong Wang, Yanxia Zhang, Xingang Xu, Xiang-Jin Meng, Ying Fang
    mBio.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Orsay Virus Infection of Caenorhabditis elegans Is Modulated by Zinc and Dependent on Lipids
    Luis Alberto Casorla-Perez, Ranya Guennoun, Ciro Cubillas, Bo Peng, Kerry Kornfeld, David Wang, Rebecca Ellis Dutch
    Journal of Virology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus coinfection in children
Milad Zandi, Saber Soltani, Mona Fani, Samaneh Abbasi, Saeedeh Ebrahimi, Ali Ramezani
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(5):286-292.   Published online October 1, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0140
  • 6,519 View
  • 157 Download
  • 9 Web of Science
  • 8 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has infected many people around the world. Children are considered an important target group for SARS-CoV-2, as well as other viral infections such as respiratory syncytial virus infection. Both SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus can affect the respiratory tract. Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus can pose significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and treatment in children. This review compares the symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment of COVID-19 and respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Results from the second WHO external quality assessment for the molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus, 2019–2020
    Thomas Williams, Sandra Jackson, Ian Barr, Shabana Bi, Jinal Bhiman, Joanna Ellis, Anne von Gottberg, Stephen Lindstrom, Teresa Peret, Sanjiv Rughooputh, Mariana Viegas, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Maria Zambon, Wenqing Zhang
    Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Respiratory Infections
    Ashley Losier, Gayatri Gupta, Mario Caldararo, Charles S. Dela Cruz
    Clinics in Chest Medicine.2023; 44(2): 407.     CrossRef
  • Viral Coinfection of Children Hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic
    Célia Regina Malveste Ito, André Luís Elias Moreira, Paulo Alex Neves da Silva, Mônica de Oliveira Santos, Adailton Pereira dos Santos, Geovana Sôffa Rézio, Pollyanna Neta de Brito, Alana Parreira Costa Rezende, Jakeline Godinho Fonseca, Fernanda Aparecid
    Biomedicines.2023; 11(5): 1402.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Relevance of RSV and SARS-CoV-2 Coinfections in Infants and Young Children
    Rosa Rodriguez-Fernandez, Felipe González-Martínez, Jimena Perez-Moreno, María Isabel González-Sánchez, Blanca Toledo del Castillo, Irene Mingueza de la Paz, Laura Diaz Pozo, Asuncion Mejias, Octavio Ramilo
    Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal.2023; 42(12): e473.     CrossRef
  • Targeting host calcium channels and viroporins: a promising strategy for SARS-CoV-2 therapy
    Mona Fani, Maryam Moossavi, Hasan Bakhshi, Abozar Nasiri Jahrodi, Mohammad Reza Khazdair, Amir Hossein Zardast, Shokouh Ghafari
    Future Virology.2023; 18(12): 797.     CrossRef
  • Respiratory syncytial virus, recurrent wheeze and asthma: A narrative review of pathophysiology, prevention and future directions
    Elly Binns, Jane Tuckerman, Paul V Licciardi, Danielle Wurzel
    Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.2022; 58(10): 1741.     CrossRef
  • Impact of genetic polymorphisms related to innate immune response on respiratory syncytial virus infection in children
    Laura Elena Córdova-Dávalos, Alicia Hernández-Mercado, Claudia Berenice Barrón-García, Augusto Rojas-Martínez, Mariela Jiménez, Eva Salinas, Daniel Cervantes-García
    Virus Genes.2022; 58(6): 501.     CrossRef
  • Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 virus in ambulatory children under 2 years old
    Carolina A. Perez, Ivana Ormazabal, Javier Pérez-Valenzuela, Andrea Araya, Rafael A. Medina, Cecilia Perret
    Frontiers in Pediatrics.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
Effects of Timely Control Intervention on the Spread of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
Ilsu Choi, Dong Ho Lee, Yongkuk Kim
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2017;8(6):373-376.   Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.6.03
  • 4,214 View
  • 29 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The 2015 Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak in Korea caused major economic and social problems. The control intervention was conducted during the MERS-CoV outbreak in Korea immediately after the confirmation of the index case. This study investigates whether the early risk communication with the general public and mass media is an effective preventive strategy.

Methods

The SEIR (Susceptible, Exposed, Infectious, Recovered) model with estimated parameters for the time series data of the daily MERS-CoV incidence in Korea was considered from May to December 2015. For 10,000 stochastic simulations, the SEIR model was computed using the Gillespie algorithm. Depending on the time of control intervention on the 20th, 40th, and 60th days after the identification of the index case, the box plots of MERS-CoV incidences in Korea were computed, and the results were analyzed via ANOVA.

Results

The box plots showed that there was a significant difference between the non-intervention and intervention groups (the 20th day, 40th day, and 60th day groups) and seemed to show no significant difference based on the time of intervention. However, the ANOVA revealed that early intervention was a good strategy to control the disease.

Conclusion

Appropriate risk communication can secure the confidence of the general public in the public health authorities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Healthcare-associated infections: the hallmark of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus with review of the literature
    J.A. Al-Tawfiq, P.G. Auwaerter
    Journal of Hospital Infection.2019; 101(1): 20.     CrossRef
Effects of Exercise on Cervical Angle and Respiratory Function in Smartphone Users
Na Kyung Lee, Sang In Jung, Do Youn Lee, Kyung Woo Kang
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2017;8(4):271-274.   Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.4.07
  • 3,747 View
  • 59 Download
  • 4 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine whether exercises can change the cervical angle and respiratory function in smartphone users.

Methods

Thirty healthy volunteers were recruited. The subjects were randomly divided into an exercise group and a control group. All participants used a smartphone for 1 hour while maintaining a sitting posture. Then, each group performed their assigned activity. The exercise group performed two types of exercises and the control group maintained routine activities for 20 minutes. To investigate the changes in cervical angle and respiratory function, we measured the craniovertebral angle by using a spirometer.

Results

Statistically significant differences were noted in the craniovertebral angle, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC ratio, peak expiratory flow, maximal inspiratory pressure, and maximal expiratory pressure of the two groups (p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Our findings showed that proper exercise could be a good method of improving the cervical angle and respiratory function in smartphone users.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of Sling Exercise Wearing a Neck Orthosis on Muscle Tension and Headache in Adults with Forward Head Posture and Tension Headache: A Randomized, Controlled, Preliminary Study
    Eun-Byeol Oh, Tae-Wu Kim, Yu-Jin Hong, Jun-Nam Ryu, Sang-Young Park, Yong-Jun Cha
    Journal of The Korean Society of Physical Medicine.2023; 18(4): 145.     CrossRef
  • Therapeutic routine with respiratory exercises improves posture, muscle activity, and respiratory pattern of patients with neck pain: a randomized controlled trial
    Hamid Rezaee Dareh-deh, Malihe Hadadnezhad, Amir Letafatkar, Anneli Peolsson
    Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Influence of Walking as Physiological Training to Improve Respiratory Parameters in the Elderly Population
    Klára Novotová, Dagmar Pavlů, Dominika Dvořáčková, Anna Arnal-Gómez, Gemma Victoria Espí-López
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2022; 19(13): 7995.     CrossRef
  • Effect of forward head posture on thoracic shape and respiratory function
    Taiichi Koseki, Fujiyasu Kakizaki, Shogo Hayashi, Naoya Nishida, Masahiro Itoh
    Journal of Physical Therapy Science.2019; 31(1): 63.     CrossRef
The Characteristics of Middle Eastern Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Transmission Dynamics in South Korea
Yunhwan Kim, Sunmi Lee, Chaeshin Chu, Seoyun Choe, Saeme Hong, Youngseo Shin
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(1):49-55.   Published online February 28, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.01.001
  • 4,116 View
  • 25 Download
  • 67 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The outbreak of Middle Eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was one of the major events in South Korea in 2015. In particular, this study pays attention to formulating a mathematical model for MERS transmission dynamics and estimating transmission rates.
Methods
Incidence data of MERS-CoV from the government authority was analyzed for the first aim and a mathematical model was built and analyzed for the second aim of the study. A mathematical model for MERS-CoV transmission dynamics is used to estimate the transmission rates in two periods due to the implementation of intensive interventions.
Results
Using the estimates of the transmission rates, the basic reproduction number was estimated in two periods. Due to the superspreader, the basic reproduction number was very large in the first period; however, the basic reproduction number of the second period has reduced significantly after intensive interventions.
Conclusion
It turned out to be the intensive isolation and quarantine interventions that were the most critical factors that prevented the spread of the MERS outbreak. The results are expected to be useful to devise more efficient intervention strategies in the future.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • A higher order Galerkin time discretization scheme for the novel mathematical model of COVID-19
    Attaullah, Muhammad Jawad, Sultan Alyobi, Mansour F. Yassen, Wajaree Weera
    AIMS Mathematics.2023; 8(2): 3763.     CrossRef
  • Insight into Oncogenic Viral Pathways as Drivers of Viral Cancers: Implication for Effective Therapy
    Ahmed M. E. Elkhalifa, Showkat Ul Nabi, Ovais Shabir Shah, Showkeen Muzamil Bashir, Umar Muzaffer, Sofi Imtiyaz Ali, Imtiyaz Ahmad Wani, Nasser A. N. Alzerwi, Abozer Y. Elderdery, Awadh Alanazi, Fawaz O. Alenazy, Abdulaziz Hamdan A. Alharbi
    Current Oncology.2023; 30(2): 1924.     CrossRef
  • A Theoretical Investigation of the SARS-CoV-2 Model via Fractional Order Epidemiological Model
    Tahir Khan, Rahman Ullah, Thabet Abdeljawad, Manar A. Alqudah, Faizullah Faiz
    Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences.2023; 135(2): 1295.     CrossRef
  • Modeling the epidemic trend of middle eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus with optimal control
    Bibi Fatima, Mehmet Yavuz, Mati ur Rahman, Fuad S. Al-Duais
    Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering.2023; 20(7): 11847.     CrossRef
  • Predictive Modeling and Control Strategies for the Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
    Bibi Fatima, Mehmet Yavuz, Mati ur Rahman, Ali Althobaiti, Saad Althobaiti
    Mathematical and Computational Applications.2023; 28(5): 98.     CrossRef
  • On the analysis of Caputo fractional order dynamics of Middle East Lungs Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) model
    Qura Tul Ain, Naveed Anjum, Anwarud Din, Anwar Zeb, Salih Djilali, Zareen A. Khan
    Alexandria Engineering Journal.2022; 61(7): 5123.     CrossRef
  • The transmission dynamics of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus
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    Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease.2022; 45: 102243.     CrossRef
  • The asymptotic analysis of novel coronavirus disease via fractional-order epidemiological model
    Tahir Khan, Saeed Ahmad, Rahman Ullah, Ebenezer Bonyah, Khursheed J. Ansari
    AIP Advances.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • MODELING FRACTIONAL-ORDER DYNAMICS OF MERS-COV VIA MITTAG-LEFFLER LAW
    HAIDONG QU, MATI UR RAHMAN, YE WANG, MUHAMMAD ARFAN, ADNAN
    Fractals.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Distinguishing viruses responsible for influenza-like illness
    Julie A. Spencer, Deborah P. Shutt, S. Kane Moser, Hannah Clegg, Helen J. Wearing, Harshini Mukundan, Carrie A. Manore
    Journal of Theoretical Biology.2022; 545: 111145.     CrossRef
  • ON THE ANALYSIS OF FRACTAL-FRACTIONAL ORDER MODEL OF MIDDLE EAST RESPIRATION SYNDROME CORONAVIRUS (MERS-CoV) UNDER CAPUTO OPERATOR
    LEI ZHANG, TAREQ SAEED, MIAO-KUN WANG, NUDRAT AAMIR, MUHAMMAD IBRAHIM
    Fractals.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Tariq Mahmood, Fuad S. Al-Duais, Mei Sun
    Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applicati.2022; 606: 128144.     CrossRef
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    Kahkashan Mahreen, Qura Tul Ain, Gauhar Rahman, Bahaaeldin Abdalla, Kamal Shah, Thabet Abdeljawad
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  • Modeling and Dynamics of the Fractional Order SARS-CoV-2 Epidemiological Model
    Tahir Khan, Roman Ullah, Ali Yousef, Gul Zaman, Qasem M. Al-Mdallal, Yasser Alraey, M. De Aguiar
    Complexity.2022; 2022: 1.     CrossRef
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    Alexander Domoshnitsky, Alexander Sitkin, Lea Zuckerman
    Mathematics.2022; 10(23): 4500.     CrossRef
  • A New Mathematical Model of COVID-19 with Quarantine and Vaccination
    Ihtisham Ul Haq, Numan Ullah, Nigar Ali, Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar
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    Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun, Qi Cheng
    Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics.2021; 17(1): 62.     CrossRef
  • Analysis of the fractional corona virus pandemic via deterministic modeling
    Nguyen Huy Tuan, Vo Viet Tri, Dumitru Baleanu
    Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences.2021; 44(1): 1086.     CrossRef
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    Kottakkaran Sooppy Nisar, Shabir Ahmad, Aman Ullah, Kamal Shah, Hussam Alrabaiah, Muhammad Arfan
    Results in Physics.2021; 21: 103772.     CrossRef
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    Rachel Waema Mbogo, John W. Odhiambo
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  • Fractal-fractional mathematical modeling and forecasting of new cases and deaths of COVID-19 epidemic outbreaks in India
    Mansour A. Abdulwasaa, Mohammed S. Abdo, Kamal Shah, Taher A. Nofal, Satish K. Panchal, Sunil V. Kawale, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty
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    Abdullah, Saeed Ahmad, Saud Owyed, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty, Emad E. Mahmoud, Kamal Shah, Hussam Alrabaiah
    Chaos, Solitons & Fractals.2021; 143: 110585.     CrossRef
  • Modeling the transmission dynamics of middle eastern respiratory syndrome coronavirus with the impact of media coverage
    BiBi Fatima, Manar A. Alqudah, Gul Zaman, Fahd Jarad, Thabet Abdeljawad
    Results in Physics.2021; 24: 104053.     CrossRef
  • Theoretical and numerical analysis for transmission dynamics of COVID-19 mathematical model involving Caputo–Fabrizio derivative
    Sabri T. M. Thabet, Mohammed S. Abdo, Kamal Shah
    Advances in Difference Equations.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • A computational tool for trend analysis and forecast of the COVID-19 pandemic
    Henrique Mohallem Paiva, Rubens Junqueira Magalhães Afonso, Fabiana Mara Scarpelli de Lima Alvarenga Caldeira, Ester de Andrade Velasquez
    Applied Soft Computing.2021; 105: 107289.     CrossRef
  • Assessment of Prediction Models of Confirmed, Recovered and Deceased cases due to COVID-19
    P Rakshit, S Debnath, J Mistri, S Kumar
    Journal of Physics: Conference Series.2021; 1797(1): 012004.     CrossRef
  • Modeling the dynamics of novel coronavirus (COVID-19) via stochastic epidemic model
    Tahir Khan, Gul Zaman, Youssef El-Khatib
    Results in Physics.2021; 24: 104004.     CrossRef
  • Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus – The need for global proactive surveillance, sequencing and modeling
    Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Eskild Petersen, Ziad A. Memish, Stanley Perlman, Alimuddin Zumla
    Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease.2021; 43: 102118.     CrossRef
  • Mathematical model of COVID-19 in Nigeria with optimal control
    Adesoye Idowu Abioye, Olumuyiwa James Peter, Hammed Abiodun Ogunseye, Festus Abiodun Oguntolu, Kayode Oshinubi, Abdullahi Adinoyi Ibrahim, Ilyas Khan
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  • The Effect of Feedback Controls on Stability in a Fractional-Order SI Epidemic Model
    Saad Z. Rida, Ahmed A. Farghaly, Fatma Hussien
    International Journal of Applied and Computational.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Superspreading and heterogeneity in transmission of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19: A systematic review
    Jingxuan Wang, Xiao Chen, Zihao Guo, Shi Zhao, Ziyue Huang, Zian Zhuang, Eliza Lai-yi Wong, Benny Chung-Ying Zee, Marc Ka Chun Chong, Maggie Haitian Wang, Eng Kiong Yeoh
    Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal.2021; 19: 5039.     CrossRef
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
    Jaffar A. Al-Tawfiq, Esam I. Azhar, Ziad A. Memish, Alimuddin Zumla
    Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine.2021; 42(06): 828.     CrossRef
  • Early warning signal reliability varies with COVID-19 waves
    Duncan A. O'Brien, Christopher F. Clements
    Biology Letters.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Johannes Stübinger, Lucas Schneider
    Healthcare.2020; 8(2): 99.     CrossRef
  • Super-spreading events and contribution to transmission of MERS, SARS, and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19)
    J.A. Al-Tawfiq, A.J. Rodriguez-Morales
    Journal of Hospital Infection.2020; 105(2): 111.     CrossRef
  • Mathematical modeling of COVID-19 transmission dynamics with a case study of Wuhan
    Faïçal Ndaïrou, Iván Area, Juan J. Nieto, Delfim F.M. Torres
    Chaos, Solitons & Fractals.2020; 135: 109846.     CrossRef
  • A Generalized Overview of SARS-CoV-2: Where Does the Current Knowledge Stand?
    Hiya Islam, Ahsab Rahman, Jaasia Masud, Dipita Saha Shweta, Yusha Araf, Md. Asad Ullah, Syed Muktadir Al Sium, Bishajit Sarkar
    Electronic Journal of General Medicine.2020; 17(6): em251.     CrossRef
  • Optimal control strategies for the transmission risk of COVID-19
    Legesse Lemecha Obsu, Shiferaw Feyissa Balcha
    Journal of Biological Dynamics.2020; 14(1): 590.     CrossRef
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Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Outbreak in the Republic of Korea, 2015
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2015;6(4):269-278.   Published online August 31, 2015
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2015.08.006
Correction in: Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(2):138
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
The outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in the Republic of Korea started from the index case who developed fever after returning from the Middle East. He infected 26 cases in Hospital C, and consecutive nosocomial transmission proceeded throughout the nation. We provide an epidemiologic description of the outbreak, as of July 2015.
Methods
Epidemiological research was performed by direct interview of the confirmed patients and reviewing medical records. We also analyzed the incubation period, serial interval, the characteristics of superspreaders, and factors associated with mortality. Full genome sequence was obtained from sputum specimens of the index patient.
Results
A total of 186 confirmed patients with MERS-CoV infection across 16 hospitals were identified in the Republic of Korea. Some 44.1% of the cases were patients exposed in hospitals, 32.8% were caregivers, and 13.4% were healthcare personnel. The most common presenting symptom was fever and chills. The estimated incubation period was 6.83 days and the serial interval was 12.5 days. A total of 83.2% of the transmission events were epidemiologically linked to five superspreaders, all of whom had pneumonia at presentation and contacted hundreds of people. Older age [odds ratio (OR) = 4.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.90–12.45] and underlying respiratory disease (OR = 4.90, 95% CI 1.64–14.65) were significantly associated with mortality. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the MERS-CoV of the index case clustered closest with a recent virus from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Conclusion
A single imported MERS-CoV infection case imposed a huge threat to public health and safety. This highlights the importance of robust preparedness and optimal infection prevention control. The lessons learned from the current outbreak will contribute to more up-to-date guidelines and global health security.

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  • REMOVED: Editorial
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PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives