<sec>
<title>Objectives</title>
<p>Different factors are responsible for the silent epidemic of diabetes mellitus in developing and developed countries. This study aimed to determine the role of demographic factors, lipid profile, family history (the estimation of genetic association) and anthropometric factors on diabetes onset.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Methods</title>
<p>Data from the enrolment phase of the Tabari Cohort study was applied for this study and included 10,255 participants aged between 35–70 years. Anthropometric variables were measured by trained staff using standard tools. Blood specimens were collected for lipid profile and blood glucose measurements. Data analyses were performed using SPSS version 24, with univariate and multivariate logistic regression.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Results</title>
<p>The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was estimated to be 17.2% in the cohort population, 15.6% in men, and 18.3% in women. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for age groups 40–49, 50–59 and over 60 were 2.58 (2.20–3.69), 5.80 (4.51–7.48) and 8.72 (6.67–11.39), respectively. In addition, the odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for 2 (or more), and 1 affected family member were 4.12 (3.55–4.90) and 2.34 (2.07–2.65), respectively. Triglyceride concentrations more than 500, and abnormal high-density lipoprotein levels increased the odds of diabetes mellitus by 3.29- and 1.18-fold, respectively.</p></sec>
<sec>
<title>Conclusion</title>
<p>The current study showed that old age and a family history were strong predictors for diabetes mellitus.</p></sec>
The association between smoking profile, leukocyte count, and inflammatory indices in males: a cross-sectional analysis of the TABARI cohort study at enrollment phase Erfan Ghadirzadeh, Mahmood Moosazadeh, Motahareh Kheradmand, Masoumeh Bagheri-Nesami, Sajad Ghafari-Cherati, Mobina Gheibi, Amirsaeed Hosseini Inhalation Toxicology.2025; 37(3): 146. CrossRef
Application of generalized linear mixed effects random forest for identifying risk factors of prediabetes in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study Maryam Karimi Ghahfarokhi, Farid Zayeri, Davood Khalili, Chiara Masci, Ali Sheidaei, Yaser Mehrali, Fatemeh Masaebi, Yadollah Mehrabi Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The prevalence and determinants of diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorder comorbidity in Tabari cohort population Mahmood Moosazadeh, Saeedeh Khakhki, Adele Bahar, Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran, Motahareh Kheradmand, Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, Erfan Ghadirzadeh Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
The relationship between spiritual intelligence and self-management in patients with diabetes type 1 Sima Rafiei, Saber Souri, Zahra Nejatifar, Mohammad Amerzadeh BMC Endocrine Disorders.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence and determinants of diabetes and prediabetes in southwestern Iran: the Khuzestan comprehensive health study (KCHS) Sanam Hariri, Zahra Rahimi, Nahid Hashemi-Madani, Seyyed Ali Mard, Farnaz Hashemi, Zahra Mohammadi, Leila Danehchin, Farhad Abolnezhadian, Aliasghar Valipour, Yousef Paridar, Mohammad Mahdi Mir-Nasseri, Alireza Khajavi, Sahar Masoudi, Saba Alvand, Bahman BMC Endocrine Disorders.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
<sec><title>Objectives</title><p><italic>Enterobius vermicularis</italic> is a parasitic disease that is common in crowded areas such as schools and kindergartens. Primary investigations of electronic evidence have reported different prevalences of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> in Iran. Therefore, we aimed to estimate the total prevalence of this infection among Iranian children using a meta-analysis.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Relevant studies were identified in national and international databases. We selected eligible papers for meta-analysis after investigating titles, abstracts, and full texts; assessing study quality; and applying inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data were extracted by two independent researchers. The results were combined using a random effects model in Stata v. 11 software.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Among 19 eligible articles including 11,676 participants, the prevalences of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> among all children, boys, and girls were 1.2%–66.1%, 2.3%–65.5%, and 1.7%–65.5%, respectively. Pooled prevalences (95% confidence interval) of <italic>E. vermicularis</italic> among all children, boys, and girls were 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), 17.2% (12.6%–21.8%), and 16.9% (9.03%–24.8%), respectively.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>This meta-analysis showed that a great majority of Iranian children are infected with <italic>E. vermicularis</italic>, possibly due to poor public health.</p></sec>
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<sec><title>Objectives</title><p>Tuberculin skin reaction size is one indicator of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine efficacy and a way to diagnose latent infection. Several primary studies have examined this issue. Combining the results of these studies using a meta-analysis will provide reliable evidence regarding this indicator for policymakers. This study aimed to estimate the total frequency of different tuberculin skin test reactions among Iranian children and teenagers who received the BCG vaccination at birth.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>National and international databanks were searched using relevant keywords. After the search strategy was restricted and duplicates were excluded, the titles and abstracts of the remaining papers were screened. All included studies included healthy children who received the BCG vaccine without confirmed tuberculosis exposure. Heterogeneity of the results was assessed using the Cochrane test and I<sup>2</sup> index showed the random effects model as the best model for estimating the pooled results.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>We combined the results of 14 primary studies including purified protein derivative reaction test measures of 26,281 Iranian children. The frequencies (95% confidence intervals) of the reactions were 8.5% (6.2–10.8) for patients with a reaction size ≥ 10 mm, 29.9% (22.3–37.4) for a reaction size of 5–9 mm, and 60% (48.9–71.1) for a reaction size < 5 mm.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Our study showed that large numbers of Iranian children and teens have no positive BCG vaccine reaction and a considerable number of children have been exposed to <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic>.</p></sec>
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Objectives
During recent decades, there has been limited attention on the seasonal pattern of pertussis within a high vaccine coverage population. This study aimed to compare the seasonal patterns of clinical suspected pertussis cases with those of laboratory confirmed cases in Iran. Methods
The current study was conducted using time series methods. Time variables included months and seasons during 2011–2013. The effects of seasons and months on the incidence of pertussis were estimated using analysis of variance or Kruskal–Wallis. Results
The maximum average incidence of clinically confirmed pertussis was 23.3 in July (<i>p</i> = 0.04), but the maximum incidence of clinical suspected pertussis was 115.7 in May (<i>p</i> = 0.6). The maximum seasonal incidences of confirmed and clinical pertussis cases were reported in summer (average: 12, <i>p</i> = 0.004), and winter (average: 108.1; <i>p</i> = 0.4), respectively. Conclusion
The present study showed that the seasonal pattern of laboratory confirmed pertussis cases is highly definite and different from the pattern of clinical suspected cases.
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Objectives
Head lice infestation is one of the most important health problems, generally involving children aged 5–13 years. This study aims to estimate the prevalence of head lice infestation and its associated factors among primary school children using systematic review and meta-analysis methods. Methods
Different national and international databases were searched for selecting the relevant studies using appropriate keywords, Medical Subject Heading terms, and references. Relevant studies with acceptable quality for meta-analysis were selected having excluded duplicate and irrelevant articles, quality assessment, and application of inclusion/exclusion criteria. With calculating standard errors according to binomial distribution and also considering the Cochrane's Q test as well as I-squared index for heterogeneity, pediculosis prevalence rate was estimated using Stata SE V.11 software. Results
Forty studies met the inclusion criteria of this review and entered into the meta-analysis including 200,306 individuals. Using a random effect model, the prevalence (95% confidence interval) of head lice infestation among primary school children was estimated as 1.6% (1.2–2.05), 8.8% (7.6–9.9), and 7.4% (6.6–8.2) for boys, girls, and all the students, respectively. The infestation rate was found to be associated with low educational level of parents, long hair, family size, mother's job (housewife), father's job (worker/unemployed), using a common comb, lack of bathrooms in the house, and a low frequency of bathing. Conclusion
This meta-analysis revealed that the prevalence of head lice infestation among Iranian primary school children is relatively high with more prevalence among girls. We also found that economic, social, cultural, behavioral, and hygienic factors are associated with this infestation.
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