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Original Articles
Performance of indicators used in regular risk assessments for COVID-19 in association with contextual factors
Sujin Hong, Jiyoung Oh, Jia Lee, Yongmoon Kim, Bryan Inho Kim, Min Jei Lee, Hyunjung Kim, Sangwoo Tak
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(5):420-428.   Published online October 31, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0141
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  • 6 Download
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives
This study aimed to summarize the results of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) risk assessments and to examine the associations between risk levels and various indicators, including COVID-19 incidence, risk perception, community mobility, and government policy.
Methods
The results of the risk assessment and the indicators utilized were summarized. From November 2021 to May 2022, the COVID-19 risk level was evaluated on a weekly basis, and its correlation with these indicators was analyzed. Data were obtained from press releases by the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency, regular surveys conducted by Hankook Research, and information available on the Google and Oxford websites.
Results
Weekly risk assessments were conducted for 30 weeks, using different indices depending on the phases. Correlation analysis revealed the strongest positive correlation between risk level and risk perception (r=0.841). The risk level from “1-week lead” demonstrated a strong positive correlation with the time-varying reproduction number (Rt). Similarly, the risk level from “week lagged value” showed a strong positive correlation with the number of severe cases in the hospital.
Conclusion
At the time of risk assessment, the Rt precedes the risk level, while severe cases in hospitals follow. Therefore, the assessed risk level functioned as an early warning system. Risk perception demonstrated the strongest correlation with the risk level, suggesting consistency throughout the assessment period. Contextual indicators (e.g., risk perception) that consider time lags and implementation scales, could improve the evaluation of future risk assessment results, particularly when there are challenges in reflecting specific situations in coordinated emergency response.
KCDC Risk Assessments on the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea
Inho Kim, Jia Lee, Jihee Lee, Eensuk Shin, Chaeshin Chu, Seon Kui Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2020;11(2):67-73.   Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.02
  • 13,877 View
  • 635 Download
  • 18 Web of Science
  • 17 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

This study aims to evaluate the risk assessments of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), from the point of detection to the provision of basic information to the relevant public health authorities.

Methods

To estimate the overall risk of specific public health events, probability, and impact at the country-level were evaluated using available information. To determine the probability of particular public health events, the risk of importation and risk of transmission were taken into consideration. KCDC used 5 levels (“very low,” “low,” “moderate,” “high,” and “very high”) for each category and overall risk was eventually decided.

Results

A total of 8 risk assessments were performed on 8 separate occasions between January 8th to February 28th, 2020, depending on the detection and report of COVID-19 cases in other countries. The overall risk of the situation in each assessment increased in severity over this period: “low” (first), “moderate” (second), “high” (third), “high” (fourth), “high” (fifth), “high” (sixth), “high” (seventh), and “very high” (eighth).

Conclusion

The KCDC’s 8 risk assessments were utilized to activate national emergency response mechanisms and eventually prepare for the pandemic to ensure the containment and mitigation of COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical public health measures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Assessment: Systematic Review
    Amanda Chu, Patrick Kwok, Jacky Chan, Mike So
    Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2024; Volume 17: 903.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Cases and Deaths among Healthcare Personnel with the Progression of the Pandemic in Korea from March 2020 to February 2022
    Yeonju Kim, Sung-Chan Yang, Jinhwa Jang, Shin Young Park, Seong Sun Kim, Chansoo Kim, Donghyok Kwon, Sang-Won Lee
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(6): 308.     CrossRef
  • A resposta da Coreia do Sul à pandemia de COVID-19: lições aprendidas e recomendações a gestores
    Thais Regis Aranha Rossi, Catharina Leite Matos Soares, Gerluce Alves Silva, Jairnilson Silva Paim, Lígia Maria Vieira-da-Silva
    Cadernos de Saúde Pública.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nursing Experience of New Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Military Hospitals: A Qualitative Study
    Young-Hoon Kwon, Hye-Ju Han, Eunyoung Park
    Healthcare.2022; 10(4): 744.     CrossRef
  • South Korea’s fast response to coronavirus disease: implications on public policy and public management theory
    Pan Suk Kim
    Public Management Review.2021; 23(12): 1736.     CrossRef
  • Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Fecal Samples From Patients With Asymptomatic and Mild COVID-19 in Korea
    Soo-kyung Park, Chil-Woo Lee, Dong-Il Park, Hee-Yeon Woo, Hae Suk Cheong, Ho Cheol Shin, Kwangsung Ahn, Min-Jung Kwon, Eun-Jeong Joo
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 19(7): 1387.     CrossRef
  • Systematic assessment of South Korea’s capabilities to control COVID-19
    Katelyn J. Yoo, Soonman Kwon, Yoonjung Choi, David M. Bishai
    Health Policy.2021; 125(5): 568.     CrossRef
  • Environmental risk assessment and comprehensive index model of disaster loss for COVID-19 transmission
    Sulin Pang, Xiaofeng Hu, Zhiming Wen
    Environmental Technology & Innovation.2021; 23: 101597.     CrossRef
  • Transmission dynamics and control of two epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea
    Sukhyun Ryu, Sheikh Taslim Ali, Eunbi Noh, Dasom Kim, Eric H. Y. Lau, Benjamin J. Cowling
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying and Prioritizing Ways to Improve Oman’s Tourism Sector in the Corona Period
    Zakiya Salim Al-Hasni
    Journal of Intercultural Management.2021; 13(1): 144.     CrossRef
  • Decreased Use of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic in South Korea
    Sukhyun Ryu, Youngsik Hwang, Sheikh Taslim Ali, Dong-Sook Kim, Eili Y Klein, Eric H Y Lau, Benjamin J Cowling
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2021; 224(6): 949.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 and Cancer Therapy: Interrelationships and Management of Cancer Cases in the Era of COVID-19
    Simon N. Mbugua, Lydia W. Njenga, Ruth A. Odhiambo, Shem O. Wandiga, Martin O. Onani, Nenad Ignjatovic
    Journal of Chemistry.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
  • Challenges to manage pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran with a special situation: a qualitative multi-method study
    Hamidreza Khankeh, Mehrdad Farrokhi, Juliet Roudini, Negar Pourvakhshoori, Shokoufeh Ahmadi, Masoumeh Abbasabadi-Arab, Nader Majidi Bajerge, Babak Farzinnia, Pirhossain Kolivand, Vahid Delshad, Mohammad Saeed Khanjani, Sadegh Ahmadi-Mazhin, Ali Sadeghi-Mo
    BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, South Korea, 2020
    Sukhyun Ryu, Seikh Taslim Ali, Cheolsun Jang, Baekjin Kim, Benjamin J. Cowling
    Emerging Infectious Diseases.2020; 26(10): 2406.     CrossRef
  • Early Trend of Imported COVID-19 Cases in South Korea

    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2020; 11(3): 140.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Underlying Comorbidities on the Infection and Severity of COVID-19 in Korea: a Nationwide Case-Control Study
    Wonjun Ji, Kyungmin Huh, Minsun Kang, Jinwook Hong, Gi Hwan Bae, Rugyeom Lee, Yewon Na, Hyoseon Choi, Seon Yeong Gong, Yoon-Hyeong Choi, Kwang-Pil Ko, Jeong-Soo Im, Jaehun Jung
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Innovative countermeasures can maintain cancer care continuity during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in Korea
    Soohyeon Lee, Ah-reum Lim, Min Ja Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Ju Won Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim
    European Journal of Cancer.2020; 136: 69.     CrossRef

PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives
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