Objectives Escherichia coli is regarded as the most important etiological agent of urinary tract infections. Fluoroquinolones are routinely used in the treatment of these infections; however, in recent years, a growing rate of resistance to these drugs has been reported globally. The aims of this study were to detect plasmid-mediated qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes among the quinolone-nonsusceptible E. coli isolates and to investigate their clonal relatedness in Qazvin and Zanjan Provinces, Iran. Methods
A total of 200 clinical isolates of E. coli were collected from hospitalized patients. The bacterial isolates were identified through standard laboratory protocols and further confirmed using API 20E test strips. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the standard disk diffusion method. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were used for detecting qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes and the clonal relatedness of qnr-positive isolates was evaluated by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-PCR (ERIC-PCR) method. Results
In total, 136 (68%) isolates were nonsusceptible to quinolone compounds, among which 45 (33.1%) and 71 (52.2%) isolates showed high- and low-level quinolone resistance, respectively. Of the 136 isolates, four (2.9%) isolates were positive for the qnrS1 gene. The results from ERIC-PCR revealed that two (50%) cases of qnr-positive isolates were related genetically. Conclusion
Our study results were indicative of the presence of low frequency of qnr genes among the clinical isolates of E. coli in Qazvin and Zanjan Provinces, which emphasizes the need for establishing tactful policies associated with infection-control measures in our hospital settings.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Effect of ciprofloxacin and
in vitro
gut conditions on biofilm of
Escherichia coli
isolated from clinical and environmental sources
Vankadari Aditya, Akshatha Kotian, Sreya Saikrishnan, Anusha Rohit, Divyashree Mithoor, Indrani Karunasagar, Vijaya Kumar Deekshit Journal of Applied Microbiology.2022; 132(2): 964. CrossRef
Detection of qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates from leukemia patients Mahdane Roshani, Alireza Goodarzi, Ali Hashemi, Farhad Afrasiabi, Hossein Goudarzi, Mohammadreza Arabestani Reviews in Medical Microbiology.2022; 33(1): 14. CrossRef
Decentralized systems for the treatment of antimicrobial compounds released from hospital aquatic wastes Manisha Sharma, Ankush Yadav, Kashyap Kumar Dubey, Joshua Tipple, Diganta Bhusan Das Science of The Total Environment.2022; 840: 156569. CrossRef
Presence and Transfer of Antimicrobial Resistance Determinants in Escherichia coli in Pigs, Pork, and Humans in Thailand and Lao PDR Border Provinces Chanika Pungpian, Nuananong Sinwat, Sunpetch Angkititrakul, Rangsiya Prathan, Rungtip Chuanchuen Microbial Drug Resistance.2021; 27(4): 571. CrossRef
Symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections Rajanbir Kaur, Rajinder Kaur Postgraduate Medical Journal.2021; 97(1154): 803. CrossRef
Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq Hawraa Mohammed Al-Rafyai, Mourouge Saadi Alwash, Noor Salman Al-Khafaji Pharmacia.2021; 68(1): 1. CrossRef
Hypervirulent and hypermucoviscous extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae and Klebsiella variicola in Chile F. Morales-León, A. Opazo-Capurro, C. Caro, N. Lincopan, A. Cardenas-Arias, F. Esposito, V. Illesca, M. L. Rioseco, M. Domínguez-Yévenes, C. A. Lima, H. Bello-Toledo, Gerardo González-Rocha Virulence.2021; 12(1): 35. CrossRef
Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis in an Era of Antibiotic Resistance: Common Resistant Bacteria and Wider Considerations for Practice Bradley D Menz, Esmita Charani, David L Gordon, Andrew JM Leather, S Ramani Moonesinghe, Cameron J Phillips Infection and Drug Resistance.2021; Volume 14: 5235. CrossRef
High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) among E. coli from aquatic environments in Bangladesh Mohammed Badrul Amin, Sumita Rani Saha, Md Rayhanul Islam, S. M. Arefeen Haider, Muhammed Iqbal Hossain, A. S. M. Homaun Kabir Chowdhury, Emily K. Rousham, Mohammad Aminul Islam, Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal PLOS ONE.2021; 16(12): e0261970. CrossRef
Development of quinolone resistance and prevalence of different virulence genes among
Shigella flexneri
and
Shigella dysenteriae
in environmental water samples
B. Roy, S.K. Tousif Ahamed, B. Bandyopadhyay, N. Giri Letters in Applied Microbiology.2020; 71(1): 86. CrossRef
Synergistic Activity of Fluoroquinolones Combining with Artesunate Against Multidrug-Resistant Escherichia coli SiMin Wei, YueFei Yang, Wei Tian, MingJiang Liu, ShaoJie Yin, JinGui Li Microbial Drug Resistance.2020; 26(1): 81. CrossRef
Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Burn Patients in Tehran, Iran Azam Molapour, Amir Peymani, Parvaneh Saffarain, Narges Habibollah-Pourzereshki, Pooya Rashvand Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets .2020; 20(1): 49. CrossRef
Plasmidic Fluoroquinolone Resistance Genes in Fluoroquinolone-Resistant and/or Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Strains Isolated from Pediatric and Adult Patients Diagnosed with Urinary Tract Infection Melisa Akgoz, Irem Akman, Asuman Begum Ates, Cem Celik, Betul Keskin, Busra Betul Ozmen Capin, Zeynep Ceren Karahan Microbial Drug Resistance.2020; 26(11): 1334. CrossRef
Characterization of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance and Serogroup Distributions of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli among Iranian Kidney Transplant Patients Amin Sadeghi, Mehrdad Halaji, Amirhossein Fayyazi, Seyed Asghar Havaei, Yun Peng Chao BioMed Research International.2020; 2020: 1. CrossRef
Antimicrobial resistance in fecal Escherichia coli isolated from poultry chicks in northern Iran Zohreh Pourhossein, Leila Asadpour, Hadi Habibollahi, Seyedeh Tooba Shafighi Gene Reports.2020; 21: 100926. CrossRef
Determination of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from Turkish patients with urinary tract infection Azer Özad Düzgün, Funda Okumuş, Ayşegül Saral, Ayşegül Çopur Çiçek, Sedanur Cinemre Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropic.2019;[Epub] CrossRef
The emergence of antimicrobial resistance in environmental strains of the Bacteroides fragilis group Sebastian Niestępski, Monika Harnisz, Ewa Korzeniewska, Ma. Guadalupe Aguilera-Arreola, Araceli Contreras-Rodríguez, Zofia Filipkowska, Adriana Osińska Environment International.2019; 124: 408. CrossRef
Evaluation of Quinolone Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolates Recovered from Urine and Feces of Patients with Acute or Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection Hossein Norouzian, Nader Shahrokhi, Shahram Sabeti, Saeid Bouzari, Mohammad Pooya Journal of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Dis.2019; 7(4): 120. CrossRef
Plasmid-mediated quinolones resistance in clinically important bacteria M. Omidvar Panah, M. Najafi, A. Peymani The Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Scien.2018; 22(2): 90. CrossRef
Detection of Plasmid-Mediated qnr Genes Among the Clinical Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli Strains Isolated in Tehran, Iran Reza Ranjbar, Sajjad S. Tolon, Mehrdad Sami, Reza Golmohammadi The Open Microbiology Journal.2018; 12(1): 248. CrossRef
Characterization of Escherichia coli strains isolated from raw vegetables Pavel Pleva, Magda Janalíková, Silvie Pavlíčková, Martin Lecomte, Tanguy Godillon, Ivan Holko Potravinarstvo Slovak Journal of Food Sciences.2018; 12(1): 304. CrossRef