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PHRP : Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

OPEN ACCESS. pISSN: 2210-9099. eISSN: 2233-6052
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"Chaeshin Chu"

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"Chaeshin Chu"

Review Article

Global health security in the post-COVID-19 era: threats, preparation, and response
Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(2):116-125.
Published online April 4, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2025.0037
Global health security threats in the post-coronavirus disease 2019 era include dense urban populations, increased human–animal proximity, migration driven by political or economic instability, climate change, humanitarian crises, antimicrobial resistance (AMR), and the misuse of biological research—including the accidental or intentional release of high-risk pathogens. The foundational preparation for these threats is to establish a robust, resilient public health system based on universal health coverage. The World Health Organization’s International Health Regulations must continue to promote global solidarity by maintaining core capacities such as surveillance, national laboratories, and epidemiological investigations of emerging infectious diseases, with timely reporting and information sharing within the global health security community. A One Health approach is essential for addressing AMR. Infection prevention and control must be enhanced to reduce healthcare-associated infections in medical facilities. Additionally, regulations concerning biosafety and biosecurity should address dual-use research of concern as well as the accidental or intentional release of highrisk pathogens from laboratories. Global health security is a collective responsibility because these threats know no borders and require coordinated action.
  • 1,900 View
  • 73 Download

Original Articles

SWOT strategy for future global health security: insights from Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Dominican Republic, Ghana, and the Republic of Korea using the World Health Organization International Health Regulations monitoring tool
Moonsoo Yoon, Nuha Fairusya, Thao Le Nhu Nguyen, Diomarys Ishaura Jimenez-Baez, Vichuta Prak, Osei Kuffour Afreh, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2025;16(2):152-159.
Published online March 12, 2025
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0314
<b>Objectives</b><br/>The study aimed to analyze the core capacities to implement World Health Organization International Health Regulations (IHR) in 6 countries: Indonesia, Cambodia, Vietnam, the Dominican Republic, Ghana, and the Republic of Korea. Methods: Secondary data from relevant databases and reports, including the electronic State Party Self-Assessment Annual Reporting mechanism and global health security index, were used to assess health security in these countries. Descriptive statistics summarized the basic features of the scores, and a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis was subsequently performed to identify factors affecting health security scores while highlighting key similarities and differences between countries. Results: Early warning and event management emerged as the primary strength in most countries. Common opportunities included international commitments and immunization programs. In contrast, many countries shared weaknesses related to the policy, legal, and normative frameworks for IHR implementation, as well as challenges in human resources, chemical event management, and radiation emergency preparedness. Recurring threats involved issues such as biosafety, biosecurity, dual-use research and the culture of responsible science, infection control practices, coordination between public health and security authorities, laboratory supply chain vulnerabilities, and communication with healthcare workers during public health emergencies. Conclusion: In order to counter future global health threats, countries should prioritize enhancing surveillance capacity (early warning and event management) as well as the immunization indicator (vaccination rates for human and animal diseases, including the national vaccine delivery system).
  • 1,376 View
  • 83 Download
KCDC Risk Assessments on the Initial Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak in Korea
Inho Kim, Jia Lee, Jihee Lee, Eensuk Shin, Chaeshin Chu, Seon Kui Lee
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2020;11(2):67-73.
Published online April 30, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.2.02
<sec> <b>Objectives</b> <p>This study aims to evaluate the risk assessments of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) in the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC), from the point of detection to the provision of basic information to the relevant public health authorities.</p></sec> <sec> <b>Methods</b> <p>To estimate the overall risk of specific public health events, probability, and impact at the country-level were evaluated using available information. To determine the probability of particular public health events, the risk of importation and risk of transmission were taken into consideration. KCDC used 5 levels (“very low,” “low,” “moderate,” “high,” and “very high”) for each category and overall risk was eventually decided.</p></sec> <sec> <b>Results</b> <p>A total of 8 risk assessments were performed on 8 separate occasions between January 8<sup>th</sup> to February 28<sup>th</sup>, 2020, depending on the detection and report of COVID-19 cases in other countries. The overall risk of the situation in each assessment increased in severity over this period: “low” (first), “moderate” (second), “high” (third), “high” (fourth), “high” (fifth), “high” (sixth), “high” (seventh), and “very high” (eighth).</p></sec> <sec> <b>Conclusion</b> <p>The KCDC’s 8 risk assessments were utilized to activate national emergency response mechanisms and eventually prepare for the pandemic to ensure the containment and mitigation of COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical public health measures.</p></sec>

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Effect of the establishment of the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency from the perspective of global health security
    Chaeshin Chu
    Global Health & Medicine.2025; 7(2): 141.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Pandemic Risk Assessment: Systematic Review
    Amanda Chu, Patrick Kwok, Jacky Chan, Mike So
    Risk Management and Healthcare Policy.2024; Volume 17: 903.     CrossRef
  • Performance of indicators used in regular risk assessments for COVID-19 in association with contextual factors
    Sujin Hong, Jiyoung Oh, Jia Lee, Yongmoon Kim, Bryan Inho Kim, Min Jei Lee, Hyunjung Kim, Sangwoo Tak
    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2024; 15(5): 420.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 Cases and Deaths among Healthcare Personnel with the Progression of the Pandemic in Korea from March 2020 to February 2022
    Yeonju Kim, Sung-Chan Yang, Jinhwa Jang, Shin Young Park, Seong Sun Kim, Chansoo Kim, Donghyok Kwon, Sang-Won Lee
    Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease.2023; 8(6): 308.     CrossRef
  • A resposta da Coreia do Sul à pandemia de COVID-19: lições aprendidas e recomendações a gestores
    Thais Regis Aranha Rossi, Catharina Leite Matos Soares, Gerluce Alves Silva, Jairnilson Silva Paim, Lígia Maria Vieira-da-Silva
    Cadernos de Saúde Pública.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Nursing Experience of New Nurses Caring for COVID-19 Patients in Military Hospitals: A Qualitative Study
    Young-Hoon Kwon, Hye-Ju Han, Eunyoung Park
    Healthcare.2022; 10(4): 744.     CrossRef
  • South Korea’s fast response to coronavirus disease: implications on public policy and public management theory
    Pan Suk Kim
    Public Management Review.2021; 23(12): 1736.     CrossRef
  • Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Fecal Samples From Patients With Asymptomatic and Mild COVID-19 in Korea
    Soo-kyung Park, Chil-Woo Lee, Dong-Il Park, Hee-Yeon Woo, Hae Suk Cheong, Ho Cheol Shin, Kwangsung Ahn, Min-Jung Kwon, Eun-Jeong Joo
    Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2021; 19(7): 1387.     CrossRef
  • Systematic assessment of South Korea’s capabilities to control COVID-19
    Katelyn J. Yoo, Soonman Kwon, Yoonjung Choi, David M. Bishai
    Health Policy.2021; 125(5): 568.     CrossRef
  • Environmental risk assessment and comprehensive index model of disaster loss for COVID-19 transmission
    Sulin Pang, Xiaofeng Hu, Zhiming Wen
    Environmental Technology & Innovation.2021; 23: 101597.     CrossRef
  • Transmission dynamics and control of two epidemic waves of SARS-CoV-2 in South Korea
    Sukhyun Ryu, Sheikh Taslim Ali, Eunbi Noh, Dasom Kim, Eric H. Y. Lau, Benjamin J. Cowling
    BMC Infectious Diseases.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Identifying and Prioritizing Ways to Improve Oman’s Tourism Sector in the Corona Period
    Zakiya Salim Al-Hasni
    Journal of Intercultural Management.2021; 13(1): 144.     CrossRef
  • Decreased Use of Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Epidemic in South Korea
    Sukhyun Ryu, Youngsik Hwang, Sheikh Taslim Ali, Dong-Sook Kim, Eili Y Klein, Eric H Y Lau, Benjamin J Cowling
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2021; 224(6): 949.     CrossRef
  • COVID-19 and Cancer Therapy: Interrelationships and Management of Cancer Cases in the Era of COVID-19
    Simon N. Mbugua, Lydia W. Njenga, Ruth A. Odhiambo, Shem O. Wandiga, Martin O. Onani, Nenad Ignjatovic
    Journal of Chemistry.2021; 2021: 1.     CrossRef
  • Challenges to manage pandemic of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in Iran with a special situation: a qualitative multi-method study
    Hamidreza Khankeh, Mehrdad Farrokhi, Juliet Roudini, Negar Pourvakhshoori, Shokoufeh Ahmadi, Masoumeh Abbasabadi-Arab, Nader Majidi Bajerge, Babak Farzinnia, Pirhossain Kolivand, Vahid Delshad, Mohammad Saeed Khanjani, Sadegh Ahmadi-Mazhin, Ali Sadeghi-Mo
    BMC Public Health.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Effect of Nonpharmaceutical Interventions on Transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2, South Korea, 2020
    Sukhyun Ryu, Seikh Taslim Ali, Cheolsun Jang, Baekjin Kim, Benjamin J. Cowling
    Emerging Infectious Diseases.2020; 26(10): 2406.     CrossRef
  • Early Trend of Imported COVID-19 Cases in South Korea

    Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2020; 11(3): 140.     CrossRef
  • Effect of Underlying Comorbidities on the Infection and Severity of COVID-19 in Korea: a Nationwide Case-Control Study
    Wonjun Ji, Kyungmin Huh, Minsun Kang, Jinwook Hong, Gi Hwan Bae, Rugyeom Lee, Yewon Na, Hyoseon Choi, Seon Yeong Gong, Yoon-Hyeong Choi, Kwang-Pil Ko, Jeong-Soo Im, Jaehun Jung
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Innovative countermeasures can maintain cancer care continuity during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in Korea
    Soohyeon Lee, Ah-reum Lim, Min Ja Kim, Yoon Ji Choi, Ju Won Kim, Kyong Hwa Park, Sang Won Shin, Yeul Hong Kim
    European Journal of Cancer.2020; 136: 69.     CrossRef
  • 15,572 View
  • 661 Download
  • 20 Web of Science
  • Crossref
Estimation of the Size of Dengue and Zika Infection Among Korean Travelers to Southeast Asia and Latin America, 2016–2017
Chaeshin Chu, Een Suk Shin
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2019;10(6):394-398.
Published online December 31, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2019.10.6.10
<sec> <b>Objectives</b> <p>To estimate the number and risk of imported infections resulting from people visiting Asian and Latin American countries.</p></sec> <sec> <b>Methods</b> <p>The dataset of visitors to 5 Asian countries with dengue were analyzed for 2016 and 2017, and in the Philippines, Thailand and Vietnam, imported cases of zika virus infection were also reported. For zika virus, a single imported case was reported from Brazil in 2016, and 2 imported cases reported from the Maldives in 2017. To understand the transmissibility in 5 Southeast Asian countries, the estimate of the force of infection, i.e., the hazard of infection per year and the average duration of travel has been extracted. Outbound travel numbers were retrieved from the World Tourism Organization, including business travelers.</p></sec> <sec> <b>Results</b> <p>The incidence of imported dengue in 2016 was estimated at 7.46, 15.00, 2.14, 4.73 and 2.40 per 100,000 travelers visiting Philippines, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia and Vietnam, respectively. Similarly, 2.55, 1.65, 1.53, 1.86 and 1.70 per 100,000 travelers in 2017, respectively. It was estimated that there were 60.1 infections (range: from 16.8 to 150.7 infections) with zika virus in Brazil, 2016, and 345.6 infections (range: from 85.4 to 425.5 infections) with zika virus in the Maldives, 2017.</p></sec> <sec> <b>Conclusion</b> <p>This study emphasizes that dengue and zika virus infections are mild in their nature, and a substantial number of infections may go undetected. An appropriate risk assessment of zika virus infection must use the estimated total size of infections.</p></sec>
  • 5,601 View
  • 91 Download
Editorials
Watch Your Waistline
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(2):43-44.
Published online April 30, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.2.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Establishment of hypertension risk nomograms based on physical fitness parameters for men and women: a cross-sectional study
    Yining Xu, Zhiyong Shi, Dong Sun, Goran Munivrana, Minjun Liang, Bíró István, Zsolt Radak, Julien S. Baker, Yaodong Gu
    Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 5,916 View
  • 84 Download
  • Crossref
A Joint Exercise against Intentional Biothreats
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(1):1-2.
Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Artificial intelligence in public health: the potential of epidemic early warning systems
    Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Xin Chen, Mohana Kunasekaran, Ashley Quigley, Samsung Lim, Haley Stone, Hye-young Paik, Lina Yao, David Heslop, Wenzhao Wei, Ines Sarmiento, Deepti Gurdasani
    Journal of International Medical Research.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 6,871 View
  • 54 Download
  • Crossref
Adolescents in Multi-Ethnic Families under Korean Ethnic Nationalism
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(6):367-368.
Published online December 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.6.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Suicide attempt and violence victimization in Korean adolescents with migrant parents: A nationwide study
    Woorim Kim, Sungyoun Chun, Sang Ah Lee
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2021; 290: 164.     CrossRef
  • 5,021 View
  • 50 Download
  • Crossref
Not One for All
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(5):293-294.
Published online October 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.5.01
  • 4,012 View
  • 28 Download
The Story of Korean Health Insurance System
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(4):235-236.
Published online August 31, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.4.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • An Additional Model to Control Risk in Mastering Defense Technology in Indonesia
    Faried Jaendar Muda, Rajesri Govindaraju, Iwan Inrawan Wiratmadja
    Sustainability.2022; 14(3): 1658.     CrossRef
  • How to Reduce Excessive Use of the Health Care Service in Medical Aid Beneficiaries: Effectiveness of Community-Based Case Management
    Myung Ja Kim, Eunhee Lee
    International Journal of Environmental Research an.2020; 17(7): 2503.     CrossRef
  • Lessons learned for reducing out of pocket health payment in Afghanistan: a comparative case study of three Asian countries
    Fatima Akbari, Munehito Machida, Hiroyuki Nakamura, Keisuke Nagase, Aya Goto, Akinori Hara
    Journal of Global Health Science.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 4,948 View
  • 47 Download
  • Crossref
To Be or Not to Be
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(3):157-158.
Published online June 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.3.01
  • 4,024 View
  • 30 Download
Depression among Middle-aged Persons
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(2):105-107.
Published online April 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.2.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Research Progress in the Correlation and Mechanism between High-Fat Diet and Depression
    晓娜 李
    Advances in Clinical Medicine.2023; 13(05): 7754.     CrossRef
  • 4,798 View
  • 35 Download
  • Crossref
What Matters in the Performance of a Medial Institution?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2017;8(1):1-2.
Published online February 28, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.1.01

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  Crossref logo
  • Cancer care patterns in South Korea: Types of hospital where patients receive care and outcomes using national health insurance claims data
    Dong‐Woo Choi, Sun Jung Kim, Seungju Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Wonjeong Jeong, Kyu‐Tae Han
    Cancer Medicine.2023; 12(13): 14707.     CrossRef
  • 4,505 View
  • 34 Download
  • Crossref
What Affects Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(6):339-340.
Published online December 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.12.001
  • 3,260 View
  • 44 Download
Fallen Flowers
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(5):279-280.
Published online October 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.09.002
  • 3,524 View
  • 36 Download
A moment of truth
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2016;7(4):211-212.
Published online August 31, 2016
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.08.001
  • 3,560 View
  • 28 Download