From articles published in Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives during the past two years (2021 ~ ).
Review Article
- Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and respiratory syncytial virus coinfection in children
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Milad Zandi, Saber Soltani, Mona Fani, Samaneh Abbasi, Saeedeh Ebrahimi, Ali Ramezani
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(5):286-292. Published online October 1, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0140
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- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has infected many people around the world. Children are considered an important target group for SARS-CoV-2, as well as other viral infections such as respiratory syncytial virus infection. Both SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus can affect the respiratory tract. Coinfection of SARS-CoV-2 and respiratory syncytial virus can pose significant challenges in terms of diagnosis and treatment in children. This review compares the symptoms, diagnostic methods, and treatment of COVID-19 and respiratory syncytial virus infection in children.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Results from the second WHO external quality assessment for the molecular detection of respiratory syncytial virus, 2019–2020
Thomas Williams, Sandra Jackson, Ian Barr, Shabana Bi, Jinal Bhiman, Joanna Ellis, Anne von Gottberg, Stephen Lindstrom, Teresa Peret, Sanjiv Rughooputh, Mariana Viegas, Siddhivinayak Hirve, Maria Zambon, Wenqing Zhang
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - The Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 on Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Respiratory Infections
Ashley Losier, Gayatri Gupta, Mario Caldararo, Charles S. Dela Cruz
Clinics in Chest Medicine.2023; 44(2): 407. CrossRef - Viral Coinfection of Children Hospitalized with Severe Acute Respiratory Infections during COVID-19 Pandemic
Célia Regina Malveste Ito, André Luís Elias Moreira, Paulo Alex Neves da Silva, Mônica de Oliveira Santos, Adailton Pereira dos Santos, Geovana Sôffa Rézio, Pollyanna Neta de Brito, Alana Parreira Costa Rezende, Jakeline Godinho Fonseca, Fernanda Aparecid
Biomedicines.2023; 11(5): 1402. CrossRef - Respiratory syncytial virus, recurrent wheeze and asthma: A narrative review of pathophysiology, prevention and future directions
Elly Binns, Jane Tuckerman, Paul V Licciardi, Danielle Wurzel
Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health.2022; 58(10): 1741. CrossRef - Impact of genetic polymorphisms related to innate immune response on respiratory syncytial virus infection in children
Laura Elena Córdova-Dávalos, Alicia Hernández-Mercado, Claudia Berenice Barrón-García, Augusto Rojas-Martínez, Mariela Jiménez, Eva Salinas, Daniel Cervantes-García
Virus Genes.2022; 58(6): 501. CrossRef - Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 virus in ambulatory children under 2 years old
Carolina A. Perez, Ivana Ormazabal, Javier Pérez-Valenzuela, Andrea Araya, Rafael A. Medina, Cecilia Perret
Frontiers in Pediatrics.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Brief Report
- COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring in the Republic of Korea: February 26, 2021 to April 30, 2021
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Hyun-kyung Oh, Eun Kyeong Kim, Insob Hwang, Tae Eun Kim, Yeon-kyeong Lee, Eunju Lee, Yeon-Kyeng Lee
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(4):264-268. Published online August 13, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0157
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- Objectives
On February 26, 2021, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination was started for high-priority groups based on the recommendation of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices with 2 available COVID-19 vaccines (AstraZeneca and Pfizer-BioNTech) in Korea. This report provides a summary of adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination as of April 30, 2021.
Methods
Adverse events following immunization are notifiable by medical doctors to the Korea Immunization Management System (KIMS) under the national surveillance system. We analyzed all adverse events reports following COVID-19 vaccination to the KIMS from February 26 to April 30, 2021.
Results
In total, 16,196 adverse events following 3,586,814 administered doses of COVID-19 vaccines were reported in approximately 2 months (February 26 to April 30, 2021). Of these, 15,658 (96.7%) were non-serious adverse events, and 538 (3.3%) were serious adverse events, including 73 (0.5%) deaths. The majority of adverse events (n=13,063, 80.7%) were observed in women, and the most frequently reported adverse events were myalgia (52.2%), fever (44.9%), and headache (34.9%). Of the 73 deaths following the COVID-19 vaccination, none were related to the vaccines.
Conclusion
By April 30, 3.6 million doses of the COVID 19 vaccine had been given in Korea, and the overwhelming majority of reports were for non-serious events. The Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency continues to monitor the safety of COVID-19 vaccination.
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Citations
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- A prospective cohort study protocol: monitoring and surveillance of adverse events following heterologous booster doses of Oxford AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine in previous recipients of two doses of Sinopharm or Sputnik V vaccines in Iran
Shahin Soltani, Behzad Karami Matin, Mohammad Mehdi Gouya, Sayed Mohsen Zahraei, Ghobad Moradi, Omid Chehri, Moslem Soofi, Mehdi Moradinazar, Fatemeh Khosravi Shadmani, Mahsa Kalantari, Hamidreza Khajeha, Mohammad Hassan Emamian, Farid Najafi
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Herpes Zoster Reactivation After mRNA and Adenovirus-Vectored Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccination: Analysis of National Health Insurance Database
Jin Gu Yoon, Young-Eun Kim, Min Joo Choi, Won Suk Choi, Yu Bin Seo, Jaehun Jung, Hak-Jun Hyun, Hye Seong, Eliel Nham, Ji Yun Noh, Joon Young Song, Woo Joo Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Hee Jin Cheong
The Journal of Infectious Diseases.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Safety and effectiveness of BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 vaccine in adolescents
Young June Choe, Seonju Yi, Insob Hwang, Jia Kim, Young-Joon Park, Eunhee Cho, Myoungyoun Jo, Hyunju Lee, Eun Hwa Choi
Vaccine.2022; 40(5): 691. CrossRef - Direct and Indirect Associations of Media Use With COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South Korea: Cross-sectional Web-Based Survey
Minjung Lee, Myoungsoon You
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2022; 24(1): e32329. CrossRef - Self-Reported COVID-19 Vaccines’ Side Effects among Patients Treated with Biological Therapies in Saudi Arabia: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study
Lama T AlMutairi, Wesal Y Alalayet, Sondus I Ata, Khalidah A Alenzi, Yazed AlRuthia
Vaccines.2022; 10(6): 977. CrossRef - COVID-19 vaccine safety monitoring in Republic of Korea from February 26, 2021 to October 31, 2021
Insob Hwang, Kyeongeun Park, Tae Eun Kim, Yunhyung Kwon, Yeon-Kyeng Lee
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2021; 12(6): 396. CrossRef
Original Articles
- Validity and reliability of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in Korean breast cancer patients
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Juyoung Kim, Min-Woo Jo, Hyeon-Jeong Lee, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Byung Ho Son, Jong Won Lee, Sae Byul Lee
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(4):254-263. Published online August 5, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0005
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Supplementary Material
- Objectives
This study evaluated the validity and reliability of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in postoperative breast cancer patients in South Korea.
Methods
The study included 300 breast cancer patients visiting a tertiary hospital. We measured health-related quality of life (HRQoL) using the HINT-8, the 5-level EQ-5D version (EQ-5D-5L), and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast (FACT-B). Discriminatory ability, known-group validity, and convergent validity were assessed. Reliability was evaluated with the Cohen kappa, weighted kappa, and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results
The EQ-5D-5L indexes (p<0.001) and EQ visual analogue scale (VAS) scores (p<0.001) were significantly higher in subjects with no problems in each item of the HINT-8 than in those with problems. The FACT-B total scores were also higher in subjects without problems on the HINT-8. Older age, lower education level, and comorbidities were associated with a lower HINT-8 index. The HINT-8 index was correlated with the EQ-5D-5L index and the EQ VAS, with correlation coefficients of 0.671 (p<0.001) and 0.577 (p<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients between the HINT-8 and the FACT-B ranged from 0.390 to 0.714. The ICC was 0.690 (95% confidence interval, 0.580–0.780).
Conclusion
The HINT-8 showed appropriate validity for capturing HRQoL in postoperative breast cancer patients.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Willingness to pay for integrative healthcare services to treat sleep disturbances: Evidence from a nationwide survey
Min Kyung Hyun
European Journal of Integrative Medicine.2023; 58: 102223. CrossRef - Internal Structure of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8-Items in a Nationally Representative Population
Eun-Hyun Lee
Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing.2023; 53(3): 359. CrossRef - Factors influencing health-related quality of life for young single-person households: the mediating effect of resilience
Soo Jin Lee, Sujin Lee, Xianglan Jin
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2023; 25(3): 160. CrossRef - Health-related quality of life among cancer patients and survivors and its relationship with current employment status
Woorim Kim, Kyu-Tae Han, Seungju Kim
Supportive Care in Cancer.2022; 30(5): 4547. CrossRef - Associations between Food Groups and Health-Related Quality of Life in Korean Adults
Shamirah Nabbosa, Sunghee Lee
Nutrients.2022; 14(17): 3643. CrossRef - Validity of the Health-Related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in the Korean Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study
Seon-Ha Kim, Miok Kim
Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2022; 24(3): 248. CrossRef
- Epidemiological, imaging, laboratory, and clinical characteristics and factors related to mortality in patients with COVID-19: a single-center study
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Zohreh Azarkar, Hamid Salehiniya, Toba Kazemi, Hamid Abbaszadeh
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(3):169-176. Published online May 26, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0012
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4,853
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- Objectives
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel pandemic. Considerable differences in disease severity and the mortality rate have been observed in different parts of the world. The present study investigated the characteristics and outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Iran.
Methods
We established a retrospective cohort to study hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Iran. Epidemiological, imaging, laboratory, and clinical characteristics and outcomes were recorded from medical documents. The chi-square test, t-test, and logistic regression models were used to analyze the data. A p<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results
In total, 364 cases (207 males and 157 females) were analyzed. The most common symptoms were cough, fever, and dyspnea. Multifocal bilateral ground-glass opacities with peripheral distribution were the predominant imaging finding. The mean age of patients was 54.28±18.81 years. The mean age of patients who died was 71.50±14.60 years. The mortality rate was 17.6%. The total proportion of patients with a comorbidity was 47.5%, and 84.4% of patients who died had a comorbidity. Sex, history of diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia were not significantly associated with mortality (p>0.05). However, mortality showed significant relationships with body mass index; age; history of hypertension, chronic kidney disease (CKD), ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular accident (CVA), pulmonary disease, and cancer; and abnormal high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings (p<0.05 for all). Cancer had the highest odds ratio.
Conclusion
Comorbidities (especially cancer, CKD, and CVA), severe obesity, old age, and abnormal HRCT findings affected the health outcomes of patients hospitalized with COVID-19.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infections in patients with cancer on mortality, ICU admission and incidence: a systematic review with meta-analysis involving 709,908 participants and 31,732 cancer patients
Mehmet Emin Arayici, Nazlican Kipcak, Ufuktan Kayacik, Cansu Kelbat, Deniz Keskin, Muhammed Emin Kilicarslan, Ahmet Veli Kilinc, Sumeyye Kirgoz, Anil Kirilmaz, Melih Alihan Kizilkaya, Irem Gaye Kizmaz, Enes Berkin Kocak, Enver Kochan, Begum Kocpinar, Fatm
Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology.2023; 149(7): 2915. CrossRef - Risk Factors Associated with Severity and Death from COVID-19 in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study
Ahmad Mehri, Sahar Sotoodeh Ghorbani, Kosar Farhadi-Babadi, Elham Rahimi, Zahra Barati, Niloufar Taherpour, Neda Izadi, Fatemeh Shahbazi, Yaser Mokhayeri, Arash Seifi, Saeid Fallah, Rezvan Feyzi, Koorosh Etemed, Seyed Saeed Hashemi Nazari
Journal of Intensive Care Medicine.2023; 38(9): 825. CrossRef - The association between stroke and COVID-19-related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis based on adjusted effect estimates
Shuwen Li, Jiahao Ren, Hongjie Hou, Xueya Han, Jie Xu, Guangcai Duan, Yadong Wang, Haiyan Yang
Neurological Sciences.2022; 43(7): 4049. CrossRef - Mental health status of dentists during COVID‐19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Hamid Salehiniya, Sare Hatamian, Hamid Abbaszadeh
Health Science Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Laboratory biomarker predictors for disease progression and outcome among Egyptian COVID-19 patients
Lamiaa A Fathalla, Lamyaa M Kamal, Omina Salaheldin, Mahmoud A Khalil, Mahmoud M Kamel, Hagar H Fahim, Youssef AS Abdel-Moneim, Jawaher A Abdulhakim, Ahmed S Abdel-Moneim, Yomna M El-Meligui
International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharm.2022; 36: 039463202210962. CrossRef - Obesity and Infection: What Have We Learned From the COVID-19 Pandemic
Emilia Vassilopoulou, Roxana Silvia Bumbacea, Aikaterini Konstantina Pappa, Athanasios N. Papadopoulos, Dragos Bumbacea
Frontiers in Nutrition.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
- Impact of fatigue on quality of life among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy
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Fares Mohammed Saeed Muthanna, Mahmathi Karuppannan, Bassam Abdul Rasool Hassan, Ali Haider Mohammed
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(2):115-125. Published online April 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.2.09
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Abstract
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- Objectives
Fatigue is the most frequently reported symptom experienced by cancer patients and has a profound effect on their quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to determine the impact of fatigue on QOL among breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy and to identify the risk factors associated with severe fatigue incidence.
Methods
This was an observational prospective study carried out at multiple centers. In total, 172 breast cancer patients were included. The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue Questionnaire was used to measure QOL, while the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI) was used to assess the severity of fatigue.
Results
The total average mean and standard deviation of QOL were 84.58±18.07 and 4.65±1.14 for BFI scores, respectively. A significant association between fatigue and QOL was found in linear and multiple regression analyses. The relationships between fatigue severity and cancer stage, chemotherapy dose delay, dose reduction, chemotherapy regimen, and ethnicity were determined using binary logistic regression analysis.
Conclusion
The findings of this study are believed to be useful for helping oncologists effectively evaluate, monitor, and treat fatigue related to QOL changes.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Effectiveness of Therapeutic Exercise Models on Cancer-Related Fatigue in Patients With Cancer Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis
Aida Herranz-Gómez, Ferran Cuenca-Martínez, Luis Suso-Martí, Clovis Varangot-Reille, Miriam Prades-Monfort, Joaquín Calatayud, Jose Casaña
Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.2023; 104(8): 1331. CrossRef - Anatomical Sites OF Superficial Basal Cell Cancers Demonstrate Higher Rates of Mixed Histology
Zahid Sarfaraz Khan, Asim Muhammad, Muhammad Ataullah, Syeda Gulrukh Saba Shah, Tehmina Naushin, Hina Mir, Nabiha Naeem, Ziyad Ahmad, Sudhair Abbas Bangash, Irfan Ullah
Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2022; : 44. CrossRef - Glycated Albumin's Clinical Effectiveness in The Diabetes Diagnosis
Summeira Jabeen Shah, Hajira Ishaq, Hina Hakeem, Saima Shaheen, Sikandar Ali Khan, Sosan Rauf, Hina Mir, Sudhair Abbas Bangash, Muhammad Ali, Irfan Ullah
Pakistan BioMedical Journal.2022; : 176. CrossRef - Post stroke intervention trial in fatigue (POSITIF): Randomised multicentre feasibility trial
Gillian Mead, David Gillespie, Mark Barber, Allan House, Steff Lewis, Hannah Ensor, Simiao Wu, Trudie Chalder
Clinical Rehabilitation.2022; 36(12): 1578. CrossRef - Quality of Life and Its Associated Factors Among Cancer Patients Receiving Chemotherapy at Oncology Hospitals in Vietnam After the Third Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Hanh TH Nguyen, Khanh Linh Duong, Son T Nguyen, Quy Trinh, Hao TL Hoang, Toan Q Phung, Hsiang-Wen Lin, Huong TL Nguyen
Cancer Management and Research.2022; Volume 14: 2429. CrossRef - Effects of traditional Chinese medicine exercise therapy on cancer-related fatigue, anxiety and sleep quality in cancer patients
Lihao Jiang, Ju Ouyang, Xianfeng Du
Medicine.2021; 100(44): e27681. CrossRef
- COVID-19 transmission: a rapid systematic review of current knowledge
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Panagiotis Mourmouris, Lazaros Tzelves, Christiana Roidi, Anastasia Fotsali
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(2):54-63. Published online April 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.2.02
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Supplementary Material
- Objectives
The objective of this study was to identify the potential and definite sources of transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods
Due to time constraints and the acute nature of the pandemic, we searched only PubMed/Medline from inception until January 28, 2021. We analyzed the level of evidence and risk of bias in each category and made suggestions accordingly.
Results
The virus was traced from its potential origin via possible ways of transmission to the last host. Symptomatic human-to-human transmission remains the driver of the epidemic, but asymptomatic transmission can potentially contribute in a substantial manner. Feces and fomites have both been found to contain viable virus; even though transmission through these routes has not been documented, their contribution cannot be ruled out. Finally, transmission from pregnant women to their children has been found to be low (up to 3%).
Conclusion
Even though robust outcomes cannot be easily assessed, medical personnel must maintain awareness of the main routes of transmission (via droplets and aerosols from even asymptomatic patients). This is the first attempt to systematically review the existing knowledge to produce a paper with a potentially significant clinical impact.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by

- Should We Interfere with the Interleukin-6 Receptor During COVID-19: What Do We Know So Far?
Alexia Plocque, Christie Mitri, Charlène Lefèvre, Olivier Tabary, Lhousseine Touqui, Francois Philippart
Drugs.2023; 83(1): 1. CrossRef - Evaluation the efficacy and safety of N‐acetylcysteine inhalation spray in controlling the symptoms of patients with COVID‐19: An open‐label randomized controlled clinical trial
Yunes Panahi, Mostafa Ghanei, Morteza Rahimi, Abbas Samim, Amir Vahedian‐Azimi, Stephen L. Atkin, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Journal of Medical Virology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - A narrative review of alternative transmission routes of COVID 19: what we know so far
Alyexandra Arienzo, Valentina Gallo, Federica Tomassetti, Nicoletta Pitaro, Michele Pitaro, Giovanni Antonini
Pathogens and Global Health.2023; : 1. CrossRef - Clinical Application of In Vitro Tests for COVID-19 Vaccine Delayed Hypersensitivity Diagnostics
Jan Romantowski, Aleksandra Górska, Maciej Zieliński, Piotr Trzonkowski, Karolina Rucka, Marek Niedoszytko
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2023; 24(17): 13296. CrossRef - Bayesian network-based spatial predictive modelling reveals COVID-19 transmission dynamics in Eswatini
Wisdom M. D. Dlamini, Sabelo P. Simelane, Nhlanhla M. Nhlabatsi
Spatial Information Research.2022; 30(1): 183. CrossRef - Fetal inflammatory response syndrome and postnatal multi-system inflammatory syndrome in COVID-19-positive neonates
Meenakshi S. KUSHWAH, Arunkrishnan BALARAVI, Lakshmi VENUGOPALAN, Sreekanth RAMASHENOY, Anita CHRISBINA, Monisha PRABHAKARN, Sumaiya ALAUDDIN, Munmun SAHNEY, Manoj K. DEENADAYALAN, Prakash PETCHIMUTHU
Minerva Respiratory Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Editorial
- How to deal with the Delta variant this fall
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Jong-Koo Lee
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(4):201-202. Published online August 26, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0217
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- A Possible Type IV Hypersensitivity Reaction to Older Antiepileptic Drugs During and
After Recovery from COVID-19 Infection
Mohsen Khosravi
Pharmacopsychiatry.2022; 55(01): 58. CrossRef - Points to consider for COVID-19 vaccine quality control and national lot release in Republic of Korea: focus on a viral vector platform
Jung Hun Ju, Naery Lee, Sun-hee Kim, Seokkee Chang, Misook Yang, Jihyun Shin, Eunjo Lee, Sunhwa Sung, Jung-Hwan Kim, Jin Tae Hong, Ho Jung Oh
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2022; 13(1): 4. CrossRef - Broad humoral and cellular immunity elicited by one-dose mRNA vaccination 18 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection
Chang Kyung Kang, Hyun Mu Shin, Pyoeng Gyun Choe, Jiyoung Park, Jisu Hong, Jung Seon Seo, Yung Hie Lee, Euijin Chang, Nam Joong Kim, Minji Kim, Yong-Woo Kim, Hang-Rae Kim, Chang-Han Lee, Jun-Young Seo, Wan Beom Park, Myoung-don Oh
BMC Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Impact of national Covid-19 vaccination Campaign, South Korea
Seonju Yi, Young June Choe, Do Sang Lim, Hye Roen Lee, Jia Kim, Yoo-Yeon Kim, Ryu Kyung Kim, Eun Jung Jang, Sangwon Lee, Eunjoo Park, Seung-Jin Kim, Young-Joon Park
Vaccine.2022; 40(26): 3670. CrossRef - Recent increase in the detection of human parainfluenza virus during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic in the Republic of Korea
Heui Man Kim, Jee Eun Rhee, Nam-Joo Lee, Sang Hee Woo, Ae Kyung Park, Jaehee Lee, Cheon Kwon Yoo, Eun-Jin Kim
Virology Journal.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Review Article
- Scrutiny of COVID-19 response strategies among severely affected European nations
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Shine Stephen, Alwin Issac, Rakesh Vadakkethil Radhakrishnan, Jaison Jacob, VR Vijay, Sam Jose, SM Azhar, Anoop S. Nair, Nadiya Krishnan, Rakesh Sharma, Manju Dhandapani
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(4):203-214. Published online July 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0068
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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- Although the health care systems in Europe are considered the global benchmark, European nations were severely affected by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This manuscript aimed to examine the strategies implemented to combat the COVID-19 pandemic by France, the United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, Germany, and Russia and their outcomes in terms of the number of cases, testing, and deaths. This is the first review of its kind that extensively analyzes the preparedness, mitigation, and response strategies against the COVID-19 pandemic adopted by these nations. This paper further suggests a strategic preparedness model for future pandemics. From the analysis, we found that a decentralized approach, prompt decision-making and timely execution, coordination between local health authorities, and public participation in the implementation of strategies could substantially reduce the case fatality rate. Nations with a high percentage of gross domestic product invested in the health sector, as well as more nurses, physicians, hospital beds, intensive care unit beds, and ventilators, better managed the pandemic. Instead, nations that postponed their pandemic response by delaying tracking, tracing, testing, quarantine, and lockdown were badly affected. The lessons learned from the present pandemic could be used as a guide to prepare for further pandemics.
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Citations
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- Antibody titre in infants of covid-19 infected mothers
Shivani Sharma, Pushkar Lal Meena, Rameshwar Lal Suman, Jaya Ninama
IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics an.2023; 9(2): 68. CrossRef - A study to assess the level of stress among nursing students of IUST during COVID-19 pandemic
Javaid Ahmad Mir, Asmat Parveen, Suheel Rashid Wani, Tayyibah Nisar, Sakeena Majeed, Wahida Kausar, Basit Ul Islam
IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics an.2022; 8(1): 15. CrossRef - Strategy to prevent infection from Covid-19 among security officers of tertiary care centre: A preexperimental study
Rakesh Sharma, KusumK Rohilla, Lisa Chadha, Priyanka Malhotra, S Sharmila, Prasuna Jelly
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care.2021; 10(9): 3257. CrossRef - Post COVID-19 changes in the perception of the parents towards dentistry for their child
Nahid Iftikhar, Shalini Dixit, Aditi Yadav
IP International Journal of Medical Paediatrics an.2021; 7(3): 155. CrossRef - A comparative study of attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination in the rural and urban population of Uttarakhand, India
Rakesh Sharma, Prasuna Jelly, Vishwas AS, Lisa Chadha, Vartika Saxena, Latika Mohan
Journal of Global Health Economics and Policy.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Brief Reports
- COVID-19 Pandemic in Hong Kong and Gaza Strip: Lessons Learned from Two Densely Populated Locations in the World
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Hammoda Abu-Odah, Sheena Ramazanu, Eslam Saleh, Jonathan Bayuo, Yehia Abed, Motasem Said Salah
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(1):44-50. Published online February 23, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.1.07
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The emergence of the coronavirus pandemic led to the implementation of several precautionary measures across the globe. For densely populated regions in the world, this may have been challenging given the proximity of people to one other. Thus, this brief report sought to compare the measures across 2 densely populated locations, Hong Kong and Gaza. Epidemiological data was obtained from governmental online repositories and was compared with the data presented by the Johns Hopkins coronavirus map to ensure consistency. Descriptive statistics were used to interpret the data obtained over the period of the study. The data suggested that although Hong Kong and Gaza implemented similar strategies, Gaza recorded marginally higher cases compared with Hong Kong in the same timeframe. The strategies implemented in both settings included border closures, social distancing, proper hand hygiene, and mask usage. Cultural and socio-demographic differences may have played a part in this variation in case numbers, in addition to lessons Hong Kong had previously learned from a similar outbreak. As the pandemic is ongoing it is essential that public sensitization to adherence to precautionary measures at the personal/family level does not occur.
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Citations
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- The Effectiveness of Electrical Vestibular Stimulation (VeNS) on Symptoms of Anxiety: Study Protocol of a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Sham-Controlled Trial
Teris Cheung, Joyce Yuen Ting Lam, Kwan Hin Fong, Yuen Shan Ho, Alex Ho, Calvin Pak-Wing Cheng, Julie Sittlington, Yu-Tao Xiang, Tim Man Ho Li
International Journal of Environmental Research an.2023; 20(5): 4218. CrossRef - Increased psychological distress among young people before and during the fifth wave of COVID-19 after two years of pandemic in Hong Kong: a 6-month longitudinal study
Stephanie MY Wong, Eric YH Chen, YN Suen, Winky Ho, Sherry KW Chan, Edwin HM Lee, KT Chan, Simon SY Lui, Michael TH Wong, Christy LM Hui
BMC Psychiatry.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Unwillingness or reluctance of Palestinians to get the COVID-19 vaccine: the reasons behind it and how to persuade them
Hammoda Abu-Odah, Jing Su, Salihu Sabiu Musa
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2022; 119: 53. CrossRef - Palliative Care Landscape in the COVID-19 Era: Bibliometric Analysis of Global Research
Hammoda Abu-Odah, Jingjing Su, Mian Wang, Sin-Yi (Rose) Lin, Jonathan Bayuo, Salihu Sabiu Musa, Alex Molassiotis
Healthcare.2022; 10(7): 1344. CrossRef - Readiness and determinants of Vietnam's general public to receive the COVID-19 Vaccine: a national online cross-sectional study
Huong Thi Xuan Hoang, Hammoda Abu-Odah, Anh Hoang Vu, Liep Van Nguyen
F1000Research.2022; 11: 715. CrossRef
- The effectiveness of Paxlovid treatment in long-term care facilities in South Korea during the outbreak of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2
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Hanul Park, Young Joon Park, Hye Young Lee, Mi Yu, Yeong-Jun Song, Sang Eun Lee, Ji-Joo Lee, Eun-Sol Lee, Yeonjung Kim
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(6):443-447. Published online December 23, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0262
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2,075
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Abstract
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- Objectives
On November 5, 2021, Pfizer Inc. announced Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir +ritonavir) asa treatment method that could reduce the risk of hospitalization or death for patients withconfirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods: From February 6, 2022 to April 2, 2022, the incidence of COVID-19 and the effectsof treatment with Paxlovid were analyzed in 2,241 patients and workers at 5 long-term carefacilities during the outbreak of the Omicron variant of severe acute respiratory syndromecoronavirus 2 in South Korea.Results: The rate of severe illness or death in the group given Paxlovid was 51% lower thanthat of the non-Paxlovid group (adjusted risk ratio [aRR], 0.49; 95% confidence interval [CI],0.24−0.98). Compared to unvaccinated patients, patients who had completed 3 doses of thevaccine had a 71% reduced rate of severe illness or death (aRR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.13−0.64) and a65% reduced death rate (aRR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.15−0.79).Conclusion: Patients given Paxlovid showed a lower rate of severe illness or death and alower fatality rate than those who did not receive Paxlovid. Patients who received 3 dosesof the vaccine had a lower rate of severe illness or death and a lower fatality rate than theunvaccinated group.
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- COVID‐19 infection in patients with haematological malignancies: A single‐centre survey in the latest Omicron wave in China
Xiaolu Zhu, Qian Jiang, Jin Lu, Yuqian Sun, Xiaosu Zhao, Shenmiao Yang, Feifei Tang, Wenjing Yu, Ting Zhao, Xiaohong Liu, Jinsong Jia, Wenbing Duan, Lijuan Hu, Jing Wang, Yang Liu, Nan Peng, Xuelin Dou, Rui Ma, Qiang Fu, Huifang Wang, Kaiyan Liu, Xiaojun
British Journal of Haematology.2023; 202(1): 31. CrossRef - The association mental health of adolescents with economic impact during the COVID-19 pandemic: a 2020 Korean nationally representative survey
Hanul Park, Kang-Sook Lee
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Efficacy and safety of paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) in the treatment of COVID‐19: An updated meta‐analysis and trial sequential analysis
Haokun Tian, Changsen Yang, Tiangang Song, Kechen Zhou, Lequan Wen, Ye Tian, Lirui Tang, Weikai Xu, Xinyuan Zhang
Reviews in Medical Virology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Real-World Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir and Its Acceptability in High-Risk COVID-19 Patients
Min-Kyung Kim, Kyung-Shin Lee, Sin Young Ham, Youn Young Choi, Eunyoung Lee, Seungjae Lee, Bora Lee, Jaehyun Jeon, BumSik Chin, Yeonjae Kim, Gayeon Kim, Hee-Chang Jang, Jae-Phil Choi, Sang-Won Park
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Original Articles
- Prevalence of plasmid-mediated AmpC β-lactamases among uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates in southwestern Iran
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Nabi Jomehzadeh, Khadijeh Ahmadi, Zahra Rahmani
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(6):390-395. Published online December 1, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0272
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3,760
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Abstract
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- Objectives
This study was undertaken to evaluate AmpC β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli urine isolates and to characterize the frequency of plasmid-mediated AmpC (pAmpC)-encoding genes.
Methods
Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion technique. AmpC β-lactamase production was assessed with a phenotypic inhibitor-based method. The presence of 6 pAmpC-encoding cluster genes was detected by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results
The proportion of antibiotic resistance of E. coli isolates ranged from 7.4% to 90.5%, and more than half (51.6%) of the total isolates were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Among the 95 E. coli isolates, 60 (63.2%) were found to be cefoxitin-resistant, but only 14 (14.7%) isolates were confirmed as AmpC β-lactamase-producers. In the PCR assay, pAmpC-encoding genes were found in 15 (15.8%) isolates, and blaDHA was the most prevalent type. However, blaFOX, blaMOX, and blaACC genes were not detected in the isolates.
Conclusion
Our findings contributed valuable information concerning antibiotic resistance, confirmatory phenotypic testing for AmpC production, and pAmpC β-lactamase gene content in E. coli isolates in southwestern Iran. The level of MDR recorded in AmpC-producing strains of this study was worrying; therefore, implementing strong infection control approaches to reduce the MDR burden is recommended.
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- Association Between Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Virulence Genes and Severity of Infection and Resistance to Antibiotics
Sofía Alejandra Fonseca-Martínez, Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, Ana Elvira Farfán-García, Clara Isabel González Rugeles, Libeth Yajaira Criado-Guerrero
Infection and Drug Resistance.2023; Volume 16: 3707. CrossRef - Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Resistant Genes in Escherichia coli Isolates from Central China during 2016–2019
Zui Wang, Qin Lu, Xiaohui Mao, Li Li, Junfeng Dou, Qigai He, Huabin Shao, Qingping Luo
Animals.2022; 12(22): 3191. CrossRef - Molecular detection and characterization of Shigella spp. harboring extended-spectrum β-lactamase genes in children with diarrhea in northwest Iran
Sahar Sabour, Amir Teimourpour, Jafar Mohammadshahi, Hadi Peeridogaheh, Roghayeh Teimourpour, Taher Azimi, Zahra Hosseinali
Molecular and Cellular Pediatrics.2022;[Epub] CrossRef - Plasmid-mediated AmpC β-Lactamase gene analysis in Klebsiella Pneumoniae clinical isolates
Nabi Jomehzadeh, Khadijeh Ahmadi, Hasti Shaabaninejad, Gholamali Eslami
Biomedical and Biotechnology Research Journal (BBR.2022; 6(4): 582. CrossRef
- A spatial analysis of the association between social vulnerability and the cumulative number of confirmed deaths from COVID-19 in United States counties through November 14, 2020
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Baksun Sung
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(3):149-157. Published online June 2, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.0372
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5,575
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148
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4
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
PDF

- Objectives
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is classified as a natural hazard, and social vulnerability describes the susceptibility of social groups to potential damages from natural hazards. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the association between social vulnerability and the cumulative number of confirmed COVID-19 deaths (per 100,000) in 3,141 United States counties.
Methods
The cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths was obtained from USA Facts. Variables related to social vulnerability were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index and the 2018 5-Year American Community Survey. Data were analyzed using spatial autoregression models.
Results
Lowest income and educational level, as well as high proportions of single parent households, mobile home residents, and people without health insurance were positively associated with a high cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths.
Conclusion
In conclusion, there are regional differences in the cumulative number of COVID-19 deaths in United States counties, which are affected by various social vulnerabilities. Hence, these findings underscore the need to take social vulnerability into account when planning interventions to reduce COVID-19 deaths.
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Citations
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- Social vulnerability and COVID-19 in Maringá, Brazil
Matheus Pereira Libório, Oseias da Silva Martinuci, Patrícia Bernardes, Natália Cristina Alves Caetano Chav Krohling, Guilherme Castro, Henrique Leonardo Guerra, Eduardo Alcantara Ribeiro, Udelysses Janete Veltrini Fonzar, Ícaro da Costa Francisco
Spatial Information Research.2023; 31(1): 51. CrossRef - A county-level analysis of association between social vulnerability and COVID-19 cases in Khuzestan Province, Iran
Mahmoud Arvin, Shahram Bazrafkan, Parisa Beiki, Ayyoob Sharifi
International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction.2023; 84: 103495. CrossRef - Global mapping of epidemic risk assessment toolkits: A scoping review for COVID-19 and future epidemics preparedness implications
Bach Xuan Tran, Long Hoang Nguyen, Linh Phuong Doan, Tham Thi Nguyen, Giang Thu Vu, Hoa Thi Do, Huong Thi Le, Carl A. Latkin, Cyrus S. H. Ho, Roger C. M. Ho, Md Nazirul Islam Sarker
PLOS ONE.2022; 17(9): e0272037. CrossRef - COVID-19 mortality and deprivation: pandemic, syndemic, and endemic health inequalities
Victoria J McGowan, Clare Bambra
The Lancet Public Health.2022; 7(11): e966. CrossRef
- Seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and predictors of seropositivity among employees of a teaching hospital in New Delhi, India
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Pragya Sharma, Rohit Chawla, Ritika Bakshi, Sonal Saxena, Saurav Basu, Pradeep Kumar Bharti, Meera Dhuria, S. K. Singh, Panna Lal
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2021;12(2):88-95. Published online April 29, 2021
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.12.2.06
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4,857
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Abstract
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Supplementary Material
- Objectives
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at a high risk of contracting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) due to the increased likelihood of clinical exposure during patient management. The study objective was to determine the seroprevalence of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and its predictors among hospital employees.
Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted at a teaching hospital from August 2020 to September 2020 among 1,401 employees, including 1,217 HCWs, in New Delhi, India. The serum samples were examined for immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 using the COVID Kavach-Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Data were collected electronically using the EpiCollect mobile platform. A p<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results
A total of 169 participants (12.1%) had detectable IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2. The highest seropositivity rate was observed in the administrative staff (20.1%), while it was lowest among medical doctors (5.5%, p<0.001). Male sex and ever having lived in a containment zone were independently associated with past infection with SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusion
The seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers may be lower than in the general population in New Delhi. However, non-pharmaceutical interventions were not associated with a reduction in the risk of acquisition of SARS-CoV-2.
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Citations
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- Assessment of potential risk factors for COVID-19 among health care workers in a health care setting in Delhi, India -a cohort study
Mridu Dudeja, Aqsa Shaikh, Farzana Islam, Yasir Alvi, Mohammad Ahmad, Varun Kashyap, Vishal Singh, Anisur Rahman, Meely Panda, Neetu Shree, Shyamasree Nandy, Vineet Jain, Amitava Mukherjee
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(1): e0265290. CrossRef - Seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in India, March 2020 to August 2021: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Nuzrath Jahan, Adarsha Brahma, Muthusamy Santhosh Kumar, Bhavani Shankara Bagepally, Manickam Ponnaiah, Tarun Bhatnagar, Manoj V Murhekar
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2022; 116: 59. CrossRef - Risk Factors for COVID-19 Infection Among Healthcare Workers. A First Report From a Living Systematic Review and meta-Analysis
Tafadzwa Dzinamarira, Sphamandla Josias Nkambule, Mbuzeleni Hlongwa, Malizgani Mhango, Patrick Gad Iradukunda, Itai Chitungo, Mathias Dzobo, Munyaradzi Paul Mapingure, Innocent Chingombe, Moreblessing Mashora, Roda Madziva, Helena Herrera, Pelagia Makanda
Safety and Health at Work.2022; 13(3): 263. CrossRef - Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and Risk Assessment Among Healthcare Workers at a Dedicated Tertiary Care COVID-19 Hospital in Delhi, India: A Cohort Study
Pragya Sharma, Rohit Chawla, Saurav Basu, Sonal Saxena, Warisha Mariam, Pradeep Kumar Bharti, Shivani Rao, Neha Tanwar, Anisur Rahman, Mohammad Ahmad
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Brief Report
- Safety monitoring of COVID-19 vaccination among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years old in the Republic of Korea
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Seontae Kim, Insob Hwang, Mijeong Ko, Yunhyung Kwon, Yeon-Kyeng Lee
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(3):230-237. Published online June 10, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0122
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3,056
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- Objectives
This study aimed to disseminate information on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine safety among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea. Methods: Two databases were used to assess COVID-19 vaccine safety in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years who completed the primary Pfizer-BioNTech vaccination series. Adverse events reported to the web-based COVID-19 vaccination management system (CVMS) and collected in the text message-based system were analyzed. Results: From March 5, 2021 to February 13, 2022, 12,216 adverse events among 12- to 17-yearolds were reported to the CVMS, of which 97.1% were non-serious adverse events and 2.9% were serious adverse events, including 85 suspected cases of anaphylaxis, 74 suspected cases of myocarditis and/or pericarditis, and 2 deaths. From December 13, 2021 to January 26, 2022, 10,389 adolescents responded to a text message survey, and local/systemic adverse events were more common after dose 2 than after dose 1. The most commonly reported events following either vaccine dose were pain at the injection site, headache, fatigue/tiredness, and myalgia. Conclusion: The overall results are consistent with previous findings; the great majority of adverse events were non-serious, and serious adverse events were rare among adolescents aged 12 to 17 years following Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccination.
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Citations
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- Immunogenicity, effectiveness, and safety of COVID-19 vaccines among children and adolescents aged 2–18 years: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
Peng Gao, Liang-Yu Kang, Jue Liu, Min Liu
World Journal of Pediatrics.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Incidence of myopericarditis after mRNA COVID-19 vaccination: A meta-analysis with focus on adolescents aged 12–17 years
Bao-Qiang Guo, Hong-Bin Li, Li-Qiang Yang
Vaccine.2023; 41(28): 4067. CrossRef - COVID-19 Vaccination in Korea: Past, Present, and the Way Forward
Eliel Nham, Joon Young Song, Ji Yun Noh, Hee Jin Cheong, Woo Joo Kim
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Short Communication
- COVID-19 outbreak and risk factors for infection in a taekwondo gym in the Republic of Korea
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Seung Hwan Shin, Eonjoo Park, Sookhyun Kim, Minji Jang, Subin Park, Dong-Hwi Kim, Tae Jong Son, Ji-Hyuk Park
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(2):162-170. Published online March 31, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0295
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3,053
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108
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3
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Abstract
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- Objectives
Relatively few studies have assessed risk factors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in public facilities used by children and adolescents. This study presents an analysis of a COVID-19 outbreak that occurred in a taekwondo gym in Korea, predominantly among children and adolescents, with the aim of providing insights on managing COVID-19 outbreaks in similar facilities. Methods: All 108 taekwondo gym students and staff received COVID-19 tests. A survey and closed-circuit television analyses were used to identify risk factors. A univariate analysis was conducted, followed by multivariate logistic regression analysis with backward elimination for variables with a significance level <0.10 in the univariate analysis. Results: COVID-19 was confirmed in 30 of 108 subjects at the taekwondo gym (attack rate, 27.8%). The outbreak started in an adult class student. This student transmitted the virus to the staff, who consequently transmitted the virus to adolescent students. In the univariate analysis, the relative risk for younger age (≤9 years) was 2.14 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01–4.54; p=0.054), and that for food consumption inside the gym was 2.12 (95% CI, 1.04–4.30; p=0.048). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for younger age was 2.96 (95% CI, 1.07–8.20; p=0.036), and that for food consumption inside the gym was 3.00 (95% CI, 1.10–8.17; p=0.032). Conclusion: Food consumption inside the facility and young age were significant risk factors for COVID-19 transmission in this taekwondo gym. Food consumption should be prohibited in sports facilities, and infection prevention education for young students is also required.
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Citations
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- SARS-CoV-2 transmission modes: Why and how contamination occurs around shared meals and drinks?
Aure Saulnier, Jean-Michel Wendling, Benoit Hermant, Didier Lepelletier
Food Microbiology.2023; 114: 104297. CrossRef - Risk factors for COVID-19 outbreaks in livestock slaughtering and processing facilities in Republic of Korea
Seongju Choi, Tae Jong Son, Yeon-Kyung Lee
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2023; 14(3): 207. CrossRef - The First outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) at outdoor camping site in South Korea, 2020
Na-Young Kim, Seonhee Ahn, GwangJin Kim, Donghyok Kwon, Young-Joon Park, Sang-Eun Lee
Journal of Epidemiology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef