Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Volume 9(1); January 2018

Editorial

A Joint Exercise against Intentional Biothreats: Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):1-2. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.01

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Artificial intelligence in public health: the potential of epidemic early warning systems
Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Xin Chen, Mohana Kunasekaran, Ashley Quigley, Samsung Lim, Haley Stone, Hye-young Paik, Lina Yao, David Heslop, Wenzhao Wei, Ines Sarmiento, Deepti Gurdasani
Journal of International Medical Research.2023; 51(3): 030006052311593. CrossRef

Original Articles

Multilevel Analysis of the Risk Factors in High-Risk Health Behavior among Korean Adolescents: Eun Gyeong Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):3-8. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.02

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

To examine health behaviors among Korean adolescents with a focus on both individual and school-based factors, specifically in relation to predictors of high-risk groups.

Methods

Secondary data analysis was conducted with data from the 8th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-Based Survey, using descriptive statistics, t tests, χ² test, and multilevel logistic regression analysis. Health Practice Index was calculated and a range of 0 to 2 was classified as a high-risk group.

Results

The results revealed that the individual-level variables of sex, age, stress, depression, subjective health status, school performance, health education, father’s level of education, and living situation were significant predictors of high-risk behaviors. The risk was greater in girls, greater with higher age and higher stress scores, greater in adolescents with depression, greater with lower paternal educational level, and greater in adolescents who did not live with both parents, as were the school-level variables of school grade and school affluence score. The possibility of being in the high-risk group in health behavior was greater if a student attended a school where the Family Affluence Score (FAS) was lower.

Conclusion

School health education should be expanded to manage students’ high-risk health behaviors, especially in schools that have many students from families with a low affluence status.

Citations

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Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Club Drug Use among Secondary Vocational Students in China
Jincong Yu, Qingfeng Wu, Yuqin Wu, Jiang Li, Qinxuan Wu, Huiping Cao, Zengzhen Wang
International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(19): 10408. CrossRef
Problematic Gaming Is Associated with Some Health-Related Behaviors Among Finnish Vocational School Students
Niko Männikkö, Heidi Ruotsalainen, Asko Tolvanen, Maria Kääriäinen
International Journal of Mental Health and Addicti.2020; 18(4): 993. CrossRef
The relationship between social participation and self-rated health in persons with psychiatric disabilities: Is the health behavior mediation model useful
Ji Hye Park, Sun Hae Lee
Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2020; 37(2): 69. CrossRef

Prevalence of Fecal Carriage of CTX-M-15 Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Healthy Children from a Rural Andean Village in Venezuela: María Araque, Indira Labrador; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):9-15. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.03

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

Antimicrobial resistant extended-spectrum-β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) have been shown to be present in healthy communities. This study examined healthy children from the rural Andean village of Llano del Hato, Mérida, Venezuela, who have had little or no antibiotic exposure to determine the prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC).

Methods

A total of 78 fecal samples were collected in healthy children aged from 1 to 5 years. ESBL-EC were selected in MacConkey agar plates with cefotaxime and further confirmed by the VITEK 2 system. ESBL were phenotypically detected and presence of bla genes and their variants were confirmed by molecular assays. Determination of phylogenetic groups was performed by PCR amplification. Risk factors associated with fecal carriage of ESBL-EC-positive isolates were analyzed using standard statistical methods.

Results

Of the 78 children studied, 27 (34.6%) carried ESBL-EC. All strains harbored the bla_CTX-M-15 allele. Of these, 8 were co-producers of bla_TEM-1, bla_TEM-5, bla_SHV-5 or bla_SHV-12. Co-resistance to aminoglycosides and/or fluoroquinolones was observed in 9 strains. 51.9% of ESBL-EC isolates were classified within phylogroup A. A significant, positive correlation was found between age (≥2.5 – ≤5 years), food consumption patterns and ESBL-EC fecal carriage.

Conclusion

This is the first study describing the high prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL-EC expressing CTX-M-15- among very young, healthy children from a rural Andean village in Venezuela with scarce antibiotic exposure, underlining the importance of this population as a reservoir.

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First Report of IMI-2-Producing Enterobacter bugandensis and CTX-M-55-Producing Escherichia coli isolated from Healthy Volunteers in Tunisia
Rym Ben Sallem, Ameni Arfaoui, Afef Najjari, Isabel Carvalho, Abdelmalek Lekired, Hadda-Imen Ouzari, Karim Ben Slama, Alex Wong, Carmen Torres, Naouel Klibi
Antibiotics.2023; 12(1): 116. CrossRef
Co-Harboring of Beta-Lactamases and mcr-1 Genes in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae from Healthy Carriers and Backyard Animals in Rural Communities in Ecuador
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes, Emily Cisneros-Vásquez, Antonella Zambrano, Andrea Mosquera-Maza, William Calero-Cáceres, Joaquín Rey, Yoshimasa Yamamoto, Mayumi Yamamoto, Manuel Calvopiña, Jacobus H. de Waard
Antibiotics.2023; 12(5): 856. CrossRef
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Family of Bacteria from Diarrheal Stool Samples in Northwest Ethiopia
Minichil Worku, Michael Getie, Feleke Moges, Alem Getaneh Mehari, Jayaraman Tharmalingam
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Disea.2022; 2022: 1. CrossRef
GENOMIC CHARACTERIZATION OF MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT EXTENDED-SPECTRUM β-LACTAMASE–PRODUCING ESCHERICHIA COLI AND KLEBSIELLA PNEUMONIAE FROM CHIMPANZEES (PAN TROGLODYTES) FROM WILD AND SANCTUARY LOCATIONS IN UGANDA
Sandra L. Bager, Isaac Kakaala, Egle Kudirkiene, Denis K. Byarugaba, John Elmerdahl Olsen
Journal of Wildlife Diseases.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Relevant increase of CTX-M-producing Escherichia coli carriage in school-aged children from rural areas of the Bolivian Chaco in a three-year period
Selene Rebecca Boncompagni, Maria Micieli, Tiziana Di Maggio, Antonia Mantella, Anna Liz Villagrán, Tatiana Briggesth Miranda, Carmen Revollo, Veronica Poma, Herlan Gamboa, Michele Spinicci, Marianne Strohmeyer, Alessandro Bartoloni, Gian Maria Rossolini,
International Journal of Infectious Diseases.2022; 121: 126. CrossRef
Comparison of the global prevalence and trend of human intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli between healthcare and community settings: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Yihienew M. Bezabih, Alemayehu Bezabih, Michel Dion, Eric Batard, Samson Teka, Abiy Obole, Noah Dessalegn, Alelegn Enyew, Anna Roujeinikova, Endalkachew Alamneh, Corinne Mirkazemi, Gregory M. Peterson, Woldesellassie M. Bezabhe
JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Fecal Carriage of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases and pAmpC Producing Enterobacterales in an Iranian Community: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Molecular Epidemiology, and Antibiotic Resistance
Nasrin Habibzadeh, Hadi Peeri Doghaheh, Meysam Manouchehri Far, Hossein Alimohammadi Asl, Sohrab Iranpour, Mohsen Arzanlou
Microbial Drug Resistance.2022; 28(9): 921. CrossRef
Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases Producing Escherichia coli in South America: A Systematic Review with a One Health Perspective
Carlos Bastidas-Caldes, Daniel Romero-Alvarez, Victor Valdez-Vélez, Roberto D Morales, Andrés Montalvo-Hernández, Cicero Gomes-Dias, Manuel Calvopiña
Infection and Drug Resistance.2022; Volume 15: 5759. CrossRef
The global prevalence and trend of human intestinal carriage of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli in the community
Yihienew M Bezabih, Wilber Sabiiti, Endalkachew Alamneh, Alamneh Bezabih, Gregory M Peterson, Woldesellassie M Bezabhe, Anna Roujeinikova
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.2021; 76(1): 22. CrossRef
Global prevalence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing-Escherichia coli in dogs and cats – A scoping review and meta-analysis
Marília Salgado-Caxito, Julio A. Benavides, Aiko D. Adell, Antonio Carlos Paes, Andrea I. Moreno-Switt
One Health.2021; 12: 100236. CrossRef
Can breastfeeding protect against antimicrobial resistance?
Maya L. Nadimpalli, Claire D. Bourke, Ruairi C. Robertson, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, Amee R. Manges, Amy J. Pickering
BMC Medicine.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
The Epidemiological Pattern and Risk Factor of ESBL (Extended Spectrum Β-Lactamase) Producing Enterobacteriaceae in Gut Bacterial Flora of Dairy Cows and People Surrounding in Rural Area, Indonesia
Agusta Reny Soekoyo, Sulistiawati Sulistiawati, Wahyu Setyorini, Kuntaman Kuntaman
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Dise.2020; 8(3): 144. CrossRef

Associations between Social and Physical Environments, and Physical Activity in Adults from Urban and Rural Regions: Bongjeong Kim, Hye Sun Hyun; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):16-24. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.04

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This study investigates investigated the relationship between social and physical environments, and moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) amongst adults in both rural and urban areas within Korea.

Methods

A sample of 128,735 adults from the 2013 Community Health Survey (CHS) was analyzed using a multilevel logistic analysis.

Results

Urban residents with higher satisfaction in public transportation satisfaction and rural residents with more access to sports parks, hiking trails, and bike cycle paths were more likely to be active. The MVPA of adults from rural areas correlated urban adults was uncorrelatedwith neighborhood factors, but that of rural adults was whereas no correlations were observed in adults from urban areas.

Conclusion

These differences should be considered when developing interventions strategies to enhance adult physical activity in different communities.

Citations

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Neighborhood Environmental Factors and Physical Activity Status among Rural Older Adults in Japan
Kenta Okuyama, Takafumi Abe, Xinjun Li, Yuta Toyama, Kristina Sundquist, Toru Nabika
International Journal of Environmental Research an.2021; 18(4): 1450. CrossRef
Youth’s Physical Activity and Fitness from a Rural Environment of an Azores Island
João Pedro Gouveia, Pedro Forte, Eduarda Coelho
Social Sciences.2021; 10(3): 96. CrossRef
The Changes in Obesity Prevalence and Dietary Habits in Korean Adults by Residential Area during the Last 10 Years — Based on the 4th (2007–2009) and the 7th (2016–2018) Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data
Da-Mee Kim, Kyung-Hee Kim
Korean Journal of Community Nutrition.2021; 26(1): 37. CrossRef
Regional Disparity in Adult Obesity Prevalence, and Its Determinants
Bongjeong Kim
Journal of Health Informatics and Statistics.2021; 46(4): 410. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Activity Limitation in the Elderly: Data Processed from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2016
Jong-Hoon Moon
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2019; 10(3): 117. CrossRef
Corrigendum to “Associations between Social and Physical Environments, and Physical Activity in Adults from Urban and Rural Regions”[Osong Public Health Res Perspect 2018;9(1):16–24]
Bongjeong Kim, Hye Sun Hyun
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2018; 9(5): 283. CrossRef

Perception and Practice of Road Safety among Medical Students, Mansoura, Egypt: Randah Helal, Ghada El-Khawaga, Abdel-Hady El-Gilany; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):25-31. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.05

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

To assess the knowledge and attitude of medical students towards road safety and to determine their driving behavior and its relation to different related factors.

Methods

This cross-sectional study involved 480 medical students at Mansoura University, Egypt. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect student personal data, knowledge about road safety, attitude towards road safety, and driving practices.

Results

More than 40% of students experienced an injury in the previous year, mainly as a pedestrian (56%), and 15.2% practiced driving, although only 9.6% had a driving licence. Most of the students had correct road safety knowledge except for awareness that the safe time to read maps is when your vehicle is parked (44%), one should drive in the left lane (29.6%), and one should overtake from the right-hand lane only (25.8%). The majority of the students reported that road traffic injuries can be prevented (89.2%). The mean score of the driving practices of the students ranged from 0.66±1.04 to 2.44±6.28 and rural residents showed significantly higher score regarding errors and lapses.

Conclusion

Good road safety knowledge and a favorable, low risk attitude, did not translate into improved road traffic behavior and this highlights the importance of stricter implementation of the existing rules and including road safety in medical education programs.

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Risk Factors Related to Road Traffic Accidents in Phuket Province, Southern Thailand: a Confirmatory Factor Analysis
Jinda Kongcharoen, Nutthajit Onmek, Seppo Karrila, Jariya Seksan
Transactions on Transport Sciences.2022; 13(1): 17. CrossRef
Effect of Educational Intervention on Road Safety Awareness and Practice among Medical Students in Chennai-A Cross-Sectional Study
Swetha NB, Sujitha P, Ashni Bhandari
National Journal of Community Medicine.2022; 12(10): 325. CrossRef
Factors associated and knowledge on road traffic accidents, rules among private university students in Chengalpattu district, Tamil Nadu, India – A cross-sectional study
G Vijayakrishnan, P Priyadharshini, Balaji Ramraj, VV Anantharaman
Journal of Education and Health Promotion.2022; 11(1): 148. CrossRef
A STUDY ON BASIC KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICES FOR ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY MEASURES AMONG UNDERGRADUATE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF UTTAR PRADESH
SOM NATH, SANDEEP KUMAR, KAMRAN JAVED NAQUVI, MANJUSHA NATH
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Resea.2022; : 110. CrossRef
A cross-sectional study to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices towards road traffic safety regulations among college going students of himalayan region, Uttarakhand, India
Swati Sharma, Neha Sharma, Shaili Vyas, Jayanti Semwal
Journal of Public Health and Primary Care.2020; 1(1): 30. CrossRef
A study on awareness of road traffic accidents and their basic management among medical students of government medical college, Maharashtra, India
Abhay Srivastava, Shruti Gaikwad, Pallavi Pagdal, Sudip Bhattacharya
CHRISMED Journal of Health and Research.2019; 6(4): 216. CrossRef

Brief Reports

Enhancing ‘Whole-of-Government’ Response to Biological Events in Korea: Able Response 2014: Sangwoo Tak, Anton Jareb, Suon Choi, Marvin Sikes, Yeon Hwa Choi, Hyeong-wook Boo; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):32-35. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.06

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Since 2011, the Republic of Korea (ROK) and United States (U.S.) have been collaborating to conduct inter- and intra-governmental exercises to jointly respond to biological events in Korea. These exercises highlight U.S. interest in increasing its global biosurveillance capability and the ROK’s interest in improving cooperation among ministries to respond to crises. With Able Response (AR) exercises, the ROK and U.S. have improved coordination among US and ROK government and defense agencies responding to potential bio-threats and identified additional areas on which to apply refinements in policies and practices. In 2014, the AR exercise employed a Biosurveillance Portal (BSP) to facilitate more effective communication among participating agencies and countries including Australia. In the present paper, we seek to provide a comprehensive assessment of the AR 2014 (AR14) exercise and make recommendations for future improvements. Incorporating a more realistic response in future scenarios by integrating a tactical response episode in the exercise is recommended.

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Artificial intelligence in public health: the potential of epidemic early warning systems
Chandini Raina MacIntyre, Xin Chen, Mohana Kunasekaran, Ashley Quigley, Samsung Lim, Haley Stone, Hye-young Paik, Lina Yao, David Heslop, Wenzhao Wei, Ines Sarmiento, Deepti Gurdasani
Journal of International Medical Research.2023; 51(3): 030006052311593. CrossRef
Whole of government and whole of society approaches: call for further research to improve population health and health equity
Flaminia Ortenzi, Robert Marten, Nicole B Valentine, Aku Kwamie, Kumanan Rasanathan
BMJ Global Health.2022; 7(7): e009972. CrossRef
Biodefence research two decades on: worth the investment?
Carrie M Long, Andrea Marzi
The Lancet Infectious Diseases.2021; 21(8): e222. CrossRef

Evaluation of Hypertension Prevention and Control Programs in Lima, Peru: Bonhee Chung, Dohyeong Kim, Eun Woo Nam; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(1):36-41. Published online December 31, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.1.07

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

The Korea International Cooperation Agency (KOICA) established 4 health centers to provide hypertension screening and a health support program in a deprived urban area of Lima, Peru. This case report provides a mid-term evaluation of the KOICA’s hypertension prevention and control programs.

Methods

A follow up study was performed on 663 residents who were diagnosed with prehypertension or hypertension (Stage 1 and 2) in the 4 KOICA health centers. Patients participated in programs designed to prevent and control hypertension through education sessions over the course of 6 months. Using simple descriptive statistics and computer simulations, we evaluated the effect of hypertension prevention and control programs on the participants.

Results

The KOICA health programs appeared to significantly contribute to lowering the blood pressure (BP) of the participants. The total number of participants with normal BP increased from none to 109. Overall, the female and younger patients responded better to the KOICA programs than the male and older participants. In addition, the average systolic BP, diastolic BP, and body mass index of all participants was significantly reduced.

Conclusion

The KOICA programs were effective at lowering blood pressure, particularly amongst the prehypertension group than the Stage 1 and 2 hypertension groups. This suggests that providing an extensive screening service for adults with prehypertension will help control hypertension in the early stages.

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Evaluación psicométrica de una medida breve de ira en adultos mayores con hipertensión
Tomás Caycho-Rodríguez, Miguel Barboza-Palomino, José Ventura-León, Isabel Cabrera-Orosco
Revista Española de Geriatría y Gerontología.2021; 56(1): 61. CrossRef

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