- Prevalence and patterns of post-COVID-19 symptoms in recovered patients of Delhi, India: a population-based study
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Nidhi Bhatnagar, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh, Hitakshi Sharma, Suruchi Mishra, Gurmeet Singh, Shivani Rao, Amod Borle, Tanu Anand, Naresh Kumar, Binita Goswami, Sarika Singh, Mahima Kapoor, Sumeet Singla, Bembem Khuraijam, Nita Khurana, Urvi Sharma, Suneela Garg
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(3):229-237. Published online May 17, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0251
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 Abstract
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Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms were widely reported. However, data on post-COVID-19 conditions following infection with the Omicron variant remained scarce. This prospective study was conducted to understand the prevalence, patterns, and duration of symptoms in patients who had recovered from COVID-19. Methods: A prospective study was conducted across 11 districts of Delhi, India, among individuals who had recovered from COVID-19. Study participants were enrolled, and then returned for post-recovery follow-up at 3 months and 6 months interval. Results: The mean age of study participants was 42.07 years, with a standard deviation of 14.89 years. The majority of the participants (79.7%) reported experiencing post-COVID-19 symptoms. The most common symptoms included joint pain (36.0%), persistent dry cough (35.7%), anxiety (28.4%), and shortness of breath (27.1%). Other symptoms were persistent fatigue (21.6%), persistent headache (20.0%), forgetfulness (19.7%), and limb weakness (18.6%). The longest duration of symptom was observed to be anxiety (138.75±54.14 days), followed by fatigue (137.57±48.33 days), shortness of breath (131.89±60.21 days), and joint pain/swelling (131.59±58.76 days). At the first follow-up visit, 2.2% of participants presented with abnormal electrocardiogram readings, but no abnormalities were noticed during the second follow-up. Additionally, 4.06% of participants exhibited abnormal chest X-ray findings at the first followup, which decreased to 2.16% by the second visit. Conclusion: The most frequently reported post-COVID-19 symptoms were joint pain, dry cough, anxiety and shortness of breath. These clinical symptoms persisted for up to 6 months, with evidence of multi-system involvement. Consequently, findings highlighted the need for long-term follow-up during the post-COVID-19 period.
- Seroprevalence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in children and adolescents in Delhi, India, from January to October 2021: a repeated cross-sectional analysis
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Pragya Sharma, Saurav Basu, Suruchi Mishra, Mongjam Meghachandra Singh
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(3):184-190. Published online June 10, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2022.0014
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
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The aim of this study was to assess changes in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunoglobulin G (IgG) seroprevalence among children and adolescents in Delhi, India from January 2021 to October 2021. Methods: This was a repeated cross-sectional analysis of participants aged 5 to 17 years from 2 SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence surveys conducted in Delhi, India during January 2021 and September to October 2021. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were detected by using the VITROS assay (90% sensitivity, 100% specificity). Results: The seroprevalence among 5- to 17-year-old school-age children and adolescents increased from 52.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51.3%−54.3%) in January 2021 to 81.8% (95% CI, 80.9%−82.6%) in September to October 2021. The assay-adjusted seroprevalence was 90.8% (95% CI, 89.8%−91.7%). Seropositivity positively correlated with participants’ age (p<0.001), but not sex (p=0.388). A signal to cut-off ratio ≥4.00, correlating with the presence of neutralization antibodies, was observed in 4,814 (57.9%) participants. Conclusion: The high percentage of seroconversion among children and adolescents indicates the presence of natural infection-induced immunity from past exposure to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, the lack of hybrid immunity and the concomitant likelihood of lower levels of neutralization antibodies than in adults due to the absence of vaccination warrants careful monitoring and surveillance of infection risk and disease severity from newer and emergent variants.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - SARS-CoV-2 in Mozambican primary school-aged children at Maputo City and Province: a cross-sectional study from a low-income country
Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer, Édio Ussivane, Assucênio Chissaque, Fátima Iahaia, Ramígio Pololo, Fernanda Campos, Emerson Miranda, Luciana António, Plácida Maholela, Aline Gatambire, Marlene Djedje, Fátima Ráice, Luzia Gonçalves, Nilsa de Deus, Osval
BMC Pediatrics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Pediatric antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 after infection and vaccination in Calgary, Canada
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BMC Infectious Diseases.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies among rural children aged 6-14 years in a selected block of West Bengal, India
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Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology.2023; 13(5): 912. CrossRef - Anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody kinetics up to 6 months of follow-up: Result from a nation-wide population-based, age stratified sero-epidemiological prospective cohort study in India
Puneet Misra, Arvind Kumar Singh, Baijayantimala Mishra, Bijayini Behera, Binod Kumar Patro, Guruprasad R. Medigeshi, Hari Shanker Joshi, Mohammad Ahmad, Pradeep Kumar Chaturvedi, Palanivel Chinnakali, Partha Haldar, Mohan Bairwa, Pradeep Kharya, Rahul Dh
PLOS ONE.2023; 18(12): e0287807. CrossRef - Seroprevalence of SARS CoV-2 among children after the second surge (June 2021) in a rural district of South India: Findings and lessons from a population-based survey
Carolin Elizabeth George, Leeberk Raja Inbaraj, Shon Rajukutty, Roshni Florina Joan, Sangeetha Muthuraj, Sindhulina Chandrasingh
Frontiers in Pediatrics.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
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