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Mostafa Ghanei 1 Article
Low Levels of Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis among Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis Isolates and Their Relationship to Risk Factors: Surveillance in Tehran, Iran; 2006 to 2014
Alireza Hadizadeh Tasbiti, Shamsi Yari, Mostafa Ghanei, Mohammad Ali Shokrgozar, Abolfazl Fateh, Ahmadreza Bahrmand
Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2017;8(2):116-123.   Published online April 30, 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2017.8.2.03
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Objectives

Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) is more expensive and difficult to treat than multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), and outcomes for patients are much worse; therefore, it is important that clinicians understand the magnitude and distribution of XDR-TB. We conducted a retrospective study to compare the estimated incidence of and risk factors for M/XDR-TB with those of susceptible TB controls.

Methods

Sputum culture and drug susceptibility testing (DST) were performed in patients with known or suspected TB. Strains that were identified as MDR were subjected to DST for second-line drugs using the proportion method.

Results

Among 1,442 TB patients (mean age, 46.48 ± 21.24 years) who were culture-positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 1,126 (78.1%) yielded isolates that were resistant to at least one first-line drug; there were 33 isolates (2.3%) of MDR-TB, of which three (0.2%) were classified as XDR-TB. Ofloxacin resistance was found in 10 (0.7%) isolates. Women were 15% more likely than men to yield M/XDR-TB isolates, but this difference was not significant. In a multivariate analysis comparing susceptible TB with X/MDR-TB, only one variable—the number of previous treatment regimens—was associated with MDR (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.14–21.2).

Conclusion

The burden of M/XDR-TB cases is not sizeable in Iran. Nonetheless, strategies must be implemented to identify and cure patients with pre-XDR-TB before they develop XDR-TB. Our results provide a greater understanding of the evolution and spread of M/XDR-TB in an environment where drug-resistant TB has a low incidence.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Prevalence and Temporal Trends of Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Iran from 1981 to 2023: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
    Saman Ayoubi, Parissa Farnia, Poopak Farnia, Jalaledin Ghanavi, Ali Akbar Velayati
    The International Journal of Mycobacteriology.2024; 13(3): 320.     CrossRef
  • Global prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Nader Salari, Amir Hossein Kanjoori, Amin Hosseinian-Far, Razie Hasheminezhad, Kamran Mansouri, Masoud Mohammadi
    Infectious Diseases of Poverty.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Pre-extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients in Eastern Nigeria
    Ndubuisi O. Nwachukwu, Amara E. Ulasi, Christopher U. Okoronkwo, Valentine N. Unegbu
    Lung India.2023; 40(6): 492.     CrossRef
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPE7 Enhances Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium smegmatis and Manipulates Host Cell Cytokine Secretion Through Nuclear Factor Kappa B and Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signaling
    Jing Suo, Xinyan Wang, Rongchuan Zhao, Pengjiao Ma, Liang Ge, Tao Luo
    Journal of Interferon & Cytokine Research.2022; 42(10): 525.     CrossRef
  • The burden of pre-extensively and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis among MDR-TB patients in the Amhara region, Ethiopia
    Agumas Shibabaw, Baye Gelaw, Wondwossen Gebreyes, Richard Robinson, Shu-Hua Wang, Belay Tessema, Shampa Anupurba
    PLOS ONE.2020; 15(2): e0229040.     CrossRef
  • Spoligotype and Drug Susceptibility Profiles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Isolates in Golestan Province, North Iran


    Noormohamad Mansoori, Farzam Vaziri, Sirus Amini, Sharareh Khanipour, Shahin Pourazar Dizaji, Masoumeh Douraghi
    Infection and Drug Resistance.2020; Volume 13: 2073.     CrossRef
  • A comparative study of phenotypic and genotypic first- and second-line drug resistance testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
    Fatemeh Sakhaee, Morteza Ghazanfari, Nayereh Ebrahimzadeh, Farzam Vaziri, Fatemeh Rahimi Jamnani, Mehdi Davari, Safoora Gharibzadeh, Fatemeh Hemati Mandjin, Abolfazl Fateh, Seyed Davar Siadat
    Biologicals.2017; 49: 33.     CrossRef

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