- Molecular characteristics of drug-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates based on treatment duration
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Eon-Min Ko, Jinsoo Min, Hyungjun Kim, Ji-A Jeong, Sungkyoung Lee, Seonghan Kim
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(5):385-394. Published online September 30, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2024.0101
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 Graphical Abstract
 Abstract
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 - Objectives
In this study, we performed comparative genomic and transcriptomic analysis of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis collected from patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis (DS-TB). The clinical isolates were categorized based on treatment duration: standard 6 months or >6 months.
Methods
Study participants were recruited from a 2016 to 2018 tuberculosis cohort, and clinical M. tuberculosis isolates were collected from the sputum of patients with tuberculosis. We analyzed the genome and transcriptome of the isolated M. tuberculosis.
Results
Genomic analysis revealed a specific non-synonymous single-nucleotide polymorphism in pe_pgrs9 and ppe34, exclusive to the group treated for >6 months. Transcriptomic analysis revealed increased expression of various virulence-associated protein family genes and decreased expression of ribosomal protein genes and ppe38 genes in the group treated for >6 months.
Conclusion
The identified genetic variation and gene expression patterns may influence treatment outcomes by modulating host immune responses, increasing virulence, and potentially contributing to persister cell formation in M. tuberculosis. This study provides insights into the genetic and transcriptomic factors associated with prolonged DS-TB treatment. However, our study identified molecular characteristics using a small sample size, and further detailed studies are warranted.
- Resistance to Fluoroquinolone by a Combination of Efflux and Target Site Mutations in Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli Isolated in Korea
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Jun-Young Kim, Se-Mi Jeon, Hyungjun Kim, Nara Lim, Mi-Sun Park, Seong-Han Kim
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(4):239-244. Published online December 31, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.11.002
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3,378
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Abstract
PDF
- Objectives
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli (EAEC) was recently reported as a major diarrheagenic pathogen in infant and adult travelers, both in developing and developed countries. EAEC strains are known to be highly resistant to antibiotics including quinolones. Therefore in this study we have determined the various mechanisms of quinolone resistance in EAEC strains isolated in Korea.
Methods
For 26 EAEC strains highly resistant to fluoroquinolone, minimal inhibitory concentrations for fluoroquinolones were determined, mutations in the quinolone target genes were identified by PCR and sequencing, the presence of transferable quinolone resistance mechanism were identified by PCR, and the contribution of the efflux pump was determined by synergy tests using a proton pump inhibitor. The expression levels of efflux pump-related genes were identified by relative quantification using real-time PCR.
Results
Apart from two, all tested isolates had common mutations on GyrA (Ser83Leu and Ser87Gly) and ParC (Ser80Gln). Isolates EACR24 and EACR39 had mutations that have not been reported previously: Ala81Pro in ParC and Arg157Gly in GyrA, respectively. Increased susceptibility of all the tested isolates to ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin in the presence of the pump inhibitor implies that efflux pumps contributed to the resistance against fluoroquinolones. Expression of the efflux pump-related genes, tolC, mdfA, and ydhE, were induced in isolates EACR 07, EACR 29, and EACR 33 in the presence of ciprofloxacin.
Conclusion
These results indicate that quinolone resistance of EAEC strains mainly results from the combination of mutations in the target enzyme and an increased expression of efflux pump-related genes. The mutations Ala81Pro in ParC and Arg157Gly in GyrA have not been reported previously the exact influence of these mutations should be investigated further.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Pathovars, occurrence, and characterization of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in diarrheal Escherichia coli isolated from farmers and farmed chickens in Tunisia and Nigeria
Nazek AL-GALLAS, Mohamed-Elamen Fadel, Khadijah A Altammar, Yasmin Awadi, Ridha Ben Aissa
Letters in Applied Microbiology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Characterization of Pathogenic Escherichia coli Isolates from Food-borne Outbreaks in Gyeonggi-do, Korea
So-Jung Park, Il-Hyung Jeong, Sun-Mok Kwon, Eun-Seon Hur, Kyung-Ja Kang, Ju-Hee Kwon, Bum-Ho Kim, Yong-Bae Park
Journal of Bacteriology and Virology.2024; 54(2): 155. CrossRef - Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations and Prevalence of Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance Genes in Klebsiella pneumoniae
Sawsan Mohammed Kareem, Israa MS Al-kadmy, Saba S Kazaal, Alaa N Mohammed Ali, Sarah Naji Aziz, Rabab R Makharita, Abdelazeem M Algammal, Salim Al-Rejaie, Tapan Behl, Gaber El-Saber Batiha, Mohamed A El-Mokhtar, Helal F Hetta
Infection and Drug Resistance.2021; Volume 14: 555. CrossRef - Fluoroquinolone-Transition Metal Complexes: A Strategy to Overcome Bacterial Resistance
Mariana Ferreira, Paula Gameiro
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Robab Azargun, Mohammad Hossein Soroush Barhaghi, Hossein Samadi Kafil, Mahin Ahangar Oskouee, Vahid Sadeghi, Mohammad Yousef Memar, Reza Ghotaslou
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Shivangi Sachdeva, Raghuvamsi V. Palur, Karpagam U. Sudhakar, Thenmalarchelvi Rathinavelan
Frontiers in Microbiology.2017;[Epub] CrossRef - Plasmid-Mediated Quinolone Resistance in Different Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes Responsible for Complicated, Noncomplicated, and Traveler's Diarrhea Cases
Silvia Herrera-León, María Teresa Llorente, Sergio Sánchez
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy.2016; 60(3): 1950. CrossRef - Determinants of quinolone resistance in Escherichia coli causing community-acquired urinary tract infection in Bejaia, Algeria
Yanat Betitra, Vinuesa Teresa, Viñas Miguel, Touati Abdelaziz
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- Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Method for the Rapid Detection of gyrA and parC Mutations in Quinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli and Shigella spp.
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Junyoung Kim, Semi Jeon, Hyungjun Kim, Misun Park, Soobok Kim, Seonghan Kim
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2012;3(2):113-117. Published online June 30, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2012.04.004
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3,671
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Abstract
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- Two real-time polymerase chain reaction assays were developed to detect mutations in codons 83 and 87 in gyrA and in codons 80 and 91 in parC, the main sites that causes quinolone resistance in pathogenic Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. isolates. These assays can be employed as a useful method for controlling infections caused by quinolone-resistant E coli and Shigella isolates.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by - Various Techniques for Molecular and Rapid Detection of Infectious and
Epidemic Diseases
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun
Letters in Organic Chemistry.2023; 20(9): 779. CrossRef - Molecular detection and Frequency of Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli by Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction (MAS-PCR)
Noha Tharwat Abou El-Khier, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki
Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences.2020; 7(1): 1. CrossRef - Identification of new DNA gyrase inhibitors based on bioactive compounds from streptomyces: structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulations approaches
Hourieh Kalhor, Solmaz Sadeghi, Mahya Marashiyan, Reyhaneh Kalhor, Sanaz Aghaei Gharehbolagh, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi, Hamzeh Rahimi
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Xianxing Xie, Ruichen Lv, Chao Yang, Yajun Song, Yanfeng Yan, Yujun Cui, Ruifu Yang
Journal of Microbiology.2019; 57(12): 1056. CrossRef - Rapid Detection of Genomic Mutations in gyrA and parC Genes of Escherichia coli by Multiplex Allele Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sukanlayanee Onseedaeng, Panan Ratthawongjirakul
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J A Platts-Mills, J Liu, E R Houpt
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- A Contribution of MdfA to Resistance to Fluoroquinolones in Shigella flexneri
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Jun-Young Kim, Se-Mi Jeon, Hyungjun Kim, Mi-Sun Park, Seong-Han Kim
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Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2011;2(3):216-217. Published online December 31, 2011
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2011.11.049
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3,674
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8
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Abstract
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- In this study, we measured the drug resistance conferred by mdfA mutations in two Shigella flexneri strains. A mutant in mdfA genes was constructed by polymerase chain reaction–based, one-step inactivation of chromosomal genes. The antimicrobial susceptibility of parent and mutant strains to fluoroquinolones was determined by minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs). The △mdfA mutants were somewhat more susceptible to fluoroquinolones than the parent strains. The low level changes in MICs of the △mdfA mutants suggest that mdfA contributed the fluoroquinolone resistance in S flexneri. This finding found that the increased expression level of an MdfA efflux pump mediated fluoroquinolone resistance, but it is not likely a major effecter of higher resistance levels.
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Citations
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