Figure 1The ROC curve resulted from multiple multilevel logistic regression model for predicting caesarian section.
Table 1The distribution of women’ characteristics in vaginal delivery and cesarian section groups.
|
Total (n = 4308) |
Vaginal (n = 1208) |
Cesarean section (n = 3100) |
Mother’s age (y) |
29.14 ± 5.33 |
27.31 ± 5.44 |
29.85 ± 5.11 |
|
Mother’s education |
Non-Academic |
2903 (67.4) |
986 (81.6) |
1917 (61.8) |
Academic |
1405 (32.6) |
222 (18.4) |
1183 (38.2) |
|
Father’s education |
Non-Academic |
2935 (68.1) |
989 (81.9) |
1946 (62.8) |
Academic |
1373 (31.9) |
219 (18.1) |
1154 (37.2) |
|
Mother’s occupation |
Housewife |
3790 (88.0) |
1146 (94.9) |
2644 (85.3) |
Employed |
518 (12.0) |
62 (5.1) |
456 (14.7) |
SES |
0.02 ± 2.03 |
−0.88 ± 1.63 |
0.37 ± 2.06 |
|
Mother’s BMI (kg/m2) |
24.99 ± 5.57 |
24.27 ± 4.26 |
25.27 ± 5.98 |
Parity |
1.65 ± 0.75 |
1.70 ± 0.85 |
1.62 ± 0.71 |
|
Type of pregnancy |
Wanted |
3476 (80.7) |
981 (81.2) |
2495 (80.5) |
Unwanted |
832 (19.3) |
227 (18.8) |
605 (19.5) |
|
History of abortion |
No |
3477 (80.7) |
998 (82.6) |
2479 (80.0) |
Yes |
831 (19.3) |
210 (17.4) |
621 (20.0) |
|
History of stillbirth |
No |
4232 (98.2) |
1183 (97.9) |
3049 (98.4) |
Yes |
76 (1.8) |
25 (2.1) |
51 (1.6) |
|
Preeclampsia |
No |
4087 (94.9) |
1164 (96.4) |
2923 (94.3) |
Yes |
221 (5.1) |
44 (3.6) |
177 (5.7) |
|
ART |
No |
3995 (92.7) |
1145 (94.8) |
2850 (91.9) |
Yes |
313 (7.3) |
63 (5.2) |
250 (8.1) |
|
Infant gender |
Male |
2191 (50.9) |
610 (50.5) |
1581 (51.0) |
Female |
2117 (49.1) |
598 (49.5) |
1519 (49.0) |
|
Infant weight (kg) |
3.215 ± 0.443 |
3.233 ± 0.428 |
3.208 ± 0.449 |
|
Infant height (cm) |
49.87 ± 2.46 |
49.97 ± 2.49 |
49.83 ± 2.45 |
|
Baby’s head circumference (cm) |
34.89 ± 4.88 |
34.59 ± 1.85 |
35.01 ± 5.64 |
Table 2The results of simple and multiple multilevel logistic regression determining cesarian section.
|
Univariate analysis |
Multivariate analysis |
|
OR (95% CI) |
p
|
OR (95% CI) |
p
|
Mother’s age (y) |
1.750 (1.059 – 1.091) |
< 0.001 |
1.070 (1.051 – 1.089) |
< 0.001 |
|
Mother’s education |
Non-Academic |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Academic |
1.290 (1.051 – 1.587) |
0.014 |
1.023 (0.816 – 1.289) |
0.839 |
|
Father’s education |
Non-Academic |
1 |
|
- |
|
Academic |
1.078 (0.871 – 1.336) |
0.479 |
- |
- |
|
Mother’s occupation |
Housewife |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Employed |
1.465 (1.076 – 2.015) |
0.015 |
1.035 (0.744 – 1.440) |
0.835 |
|
SES |
1.196 (1.133 – 1.264) |
< 0.001 |
1.182 (1.115 – 1.252) |
< 0.001 |
|
Mother’s BMI (kg/m2) |
1.066 (1.047 – 1.086) |
< 0.001 |
1.045 (1.025 – 1.065) |
< 0.001 |
|
Parity |
1.138 (1.031 – 1.257) |
0.010 |
0.847 (0.748 – 0.959) |
0.008 |
|
Type of pregnancy |
Wanted |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Unwanted |
1.346 (1.113 – 1.632) |
0.002 |
1.334 (1.088 – 1.637) |
0.005 |
|
History of abortion |
No |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Yes |
1.188 (0.978 – 1.446) |
0.080 |
1.023 (0.835 – 1.254) |
0. 819 |
|
History of stillbirth |
No |
1 |
|
- |
|
Yes |
0.868 (0.497 – 1.537) |
0.621 |
- |
- |
|
Preeclampsia |
No |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Yes |
2.001 (1.395 – 2.922) |
<0.001 |
1.729 (1.179 – 2.534) |
0.004 |
|
ART |
No |
1 |
|
1 |
|
Yes |
1.488 (1.089 – 2.054) |
0.013 |
1.292 (0.930 – 1.793) |
0.125 |
|
Infant gender |
Male |
1 |
|
- |
|
Female |
1.015 (0.872 – 1.180) |
0.844 |
- |
- |
|
Infant weight (kg) |
0.935 (0.788 – 1.107) |
0.435 |
- |
- |
|
Infant height (cm) |
0.967 (0.937 – 0.999) |
0.043 |
0.921 (0.886 – 0.957) |
< 0.001 |
|
Baby’s head circumference (cm) |
1.126 (1.076 – 1.181) |
< 0.001 |
1.176 (1.112 – 1.243) |
< 0.001 |
Table 3The accuracy and 95% confidence interval of multiple multilevel logistic regression for predicting cesarian section.
Accuracy tools |
Estimate |
95% CI |
Sensitivity |
0.704 |
0.688 |
0.720 |
Specificity |
0.790 |
0.767 |
0.813 |
PPV |
0.896 |
0.884 |
0.908 |
NPV |
0.510 |
0.487 |
0.533 |
ACC |
0.728 |
0.715 |
0.742 |
AUC |
0.824 |
0.811 |
0.837 |