Table 1General characteristics of the participants (N = 665).
Characteristics |
Mean ± SD, n (%) |
Age (y) |
67.0 ± 9.9 |
|
Gender |
Male |
112 (16.9) |
Female |
553 (83.1) |
|
Diagnosis |
Osteoarthritis |
665 (100.0) |
Table 2Physical activities of osteoarthritis patients (N = 665).
Characteristics |
Categories |
n
|
% |
Work-related high-intensity physical activities |
Yes |
11 |
1.6 |
No |
654 |
97.8 |
|
No. of days of Work-related high-intensity physical activities (n = 11) |
1–2 d |
3 |
27.2 |
3–4 d |
2 |
18.1 |
5–6 d |
2 |
18.1 |
7 d |
4 |
36.6 |
|
Work-related mid-intensity physical activities |
Yes |
32 |
4.8 |
No |
633 |
95.2 |
|
No. of days of work-related mid-intensity physical activities (n = 32) |
1–2 d |
9 |
28.1 |
3–4 d |
15 |
46.8 |
5–6 d |
3 |
9.3 |
7 d |
5 |
15.8 |
|
Location change/physical activities |
Yes |
342 |
51.4 |
No |
323 |
48.6 |
|
No. of days of location change/physical activities (n = 342) |
1–2 d |
64 |
18.7 |
3–4 d |
63 |
18.4 |
5–6 d |
74 |
21.6 |
7 d |
120 |
41.3 |
|
Leisure-related high-intensity physical activities |
Yes |
19 |
2.8 |
No |
646 |
97.2 |
|
No. of days of leisure-related high-intensity physical activities (n = 19) |
1–2 d |
3 |
15.7 |
3–4 d |
11 |
57.8 |
5–6 d |
5 |
26.5 |
7 d |
0 |
0.0 |
|
Leisure-related mid-intensity physical activities |
Yes |
77 |
11.5 |
No |
588 |
88.5 |
|
No. of days of leisure-related mid-intensity physical activities (n = 77) |
1–2 d |
22 |
28.5 |
3–4 d |
28 |
36.3 |
5–6 d |
22 |
28.5 |
7 d |
5 |
6.7 |
|
No. of days of walking in a week |
Not at all |
176 |
26.3 |
1–2 d |
99 |
14.8 |
3–4 d |
115 |
17.2 |
5–6 d |
88 |
13.2 |
7 d |
183 |
27.3 |
No response |
8 |
1.2 |
|
No. of days of workouts in a week |
Not at all |
575 |
85.9 |
1–2 d |
25 |
3.8 |
3–4 d |
23 |
3.4 |
5–6 d |
40 |
6.0 |
7 d |
0 |
0.0 |
No response |
6 |
0.9 |
Table 3Health-related quality of life categories and scores.
Categories |
Level |
n (%) |
Mean ± SD |
Mobility |
1 |
345 (51.8) |
1.5 ± 0.7 |
2 |
301 (45.2) |
3 |
19 (3.0) |
|
Self-care |
1 |
581 (87.3) |
1.2 ± 0.6 |
2 |
78 (11.7) |
3 |
6 (1.0) |
|
Usual Activity |
1 |
486 (73.0) |
1.2 ± 0.7 |
2 |
166 (24.9) |
3 |
13 (2.1) |
|
Pain/discomfort |
1 |
325 (48.8) |
1.6 ± 0.8 |
2 |
270 (40.6) |
3 |
70 (10.6) |
|
Anxiety/depression |
1 |
505 (75.9) |
1.3 ± 0.7 |
2 |
144 (21.6) |
3 |
16 (2.5) |
|
Total EQ-5D-3L score |
|
|
0.8 ± 0.2 |
Table 4Mental health of osteoarthritis patients (results from a PHQ-9 assessment of depression).
Items |
Mean ± SD |
Little to no interest or enjoyment in working |
0.6 ± 1.4 |
A sinking feeling, depression, or despair |
0.6 ± 1.4 |
Difficult falling asleep or waking up easily, or sleeping too much |
1.1 ± 1.5 |
Fatigue, decrease in energy |
1.1 ± 1.6 |
Loss of appetite or overeating |
0.6 ± 1.4 |
Thinking of oneself as a bad person, and thinking that family members have become unhappy because of oneself |
0.4 ± 1.3 |
Difficult focussing when reading newspapers or watching TV |
0.4 ± 1.4 |
Slow movements and speech (enough to be recognised by others) |
0.3 ± 1.3 |
Thoughts that maybe it would be better to die, or thoughts of self-injury |
0.4 ± 1.3 |
Total Scores of PHQ-9 |
4.2 ± 4.7 |
Table 5Multiple logistic regression analysis of the effects of physical activities and depression on health-related quality of life for osteoarthritis patients.
Categories |
Health-related quality of life |
B |
Beta (β) |
t
|
p
|
Physical activities |
Work-related high-intensity physical activities |
0.147 |
0.090 |
1.237 |
0.221 |
|
Work-related mid-intensity physical activities |
0.080 |
0.097 |
−0.346 |
0.726 |
|
Location changes/physical activities |
−0.040 |
−0.114 |
−3.226 |
0.010** |
|
Leisure-related high-intensity physical activities |
0.002 |
0.002 |
0.060 |
0.953 |
|
Leisure-related mid-intensity physical activities |
−0.023 |
−0.042 |
−1.169 |
0.243 |
|
No. of d of walks in a week |
0.001 |
0.040 |
1.134 |
0.257 |
|
No. of d of workouts in a week |
0.002 |
0.017 |
0.480 |
0.631 |
|
Characteristics |
Gender |
−0.016 |
−0.034 |
−0.978 |
0.328 |
|
Age |
−0.004 |
−0.228 |
−6.511 |
< 0.001*** |
|
Depression (PHQ-9) |
|
−0.015 |
−0.399 |
−11.500 |
< 0.001*** |