Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Brief Report

Gender differences in hepatitis A seropositivity rates according to the Republic of Korea’s vaccination policy: Hyunjin Son, Sunhyun Ahn, Wonseo Park, Gayoung Chun, Unyeong Go, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2024;15(2):168-173. Published online April 16, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0263

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
This study aimed to investigate differences in the anti-hepatitis A (HAV) antibody seropositivity rate by age and gender.
Methods
We collected information on anti-HAV immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin M status from samples submitted for HAV antibody testing in 2012–2022. A total of 1,333,615 cases were included in the analysis.
Results
By age, the seropositivity rate was represented by a U-shaped curve, such that the rate was low for the group aged 20 to 39 years and higher in those who were younger or older. Over time, the curve shifted rightward, and the seropositivity rate declined gradually in the group aged 35 to 39 years and older. A gender-based difference in antibody seropositivity rate was especially noticeable in the group aged 20 to 29 years. This difference between genders widened in the participants’ early 20s—when men in the Republic of Korea enlist in the military—and the divergence continued subsequently for older individuals.
Conclusion
These results indicate a higher risk of severe infection among older individuals and a gender-based difference in seroprevalence. Therefore, it is necessary to implement policies to promote vaccination in adults.

Original Articles

Seroprevalence of Toxocara in Children from Urban and Rural Areas of Ilam Province, West Iran: Sahar Shokouhi, Jahangir Abdi; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2018;9(3):101-104. Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2018.9.3.03

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

The present study was performed to determine the seroprevalence of Toxocara in children ≤ 10 years old, from rural and urban areas of Ilam.

Methods

Serum samples from 383 children ≤ 10 years old, were selected randomly from rural and urban areas of Ilam province and surveyed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

The total rate of infection with Toxocara was 22% (31% with a history of contact with dogs and cats, and 14% without a history of contact). Of those infected, 23% were male and 18% were female, 36% lived a rural life and 20% had an urban life. A significant correlation was found between the incidence of disease, and urban and rural life, as well as exposure to dogs and cats. There was no correlation between prevalence and gender or age.

Conclusion

Given the high prevalence of infection with Toxocara amongst children in Ilam province, preventive work in the community such as education in risk management and periodic treatment with anti-parasitic drugs and elimination of stray dogs and cats is an appropriate measure.

Citations

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Seroprevalence and Potential Risk Factors of Toxocariasis among General Population in Southwest Iran: Implications on the One Health Approach
Masoud Foroutan, Aida Vafae Eslahi, Shahrzad Soltani, Naser Kamyari, Ehsan Moradi-Joo, Jean-Francois Magnaval, Milad Badri, Rahul Shivahare
Journal of Immunology Research.2024; 2024: 1. CrossRef
Maternal COVID-19 infection and the fetus: Immunological and neurological perspectives
Shahab Falahi, Amir Abdoli, Azra Kenarkoohi
New Microbes and New Infections.2023; 53: 101135. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Toxocariasis and Its Associated Risk Factors among Adult Population in Kavar District, Fars Province, South of Iran: A Cross-Sectional Community-Based Seroepidemiological Survey
Fatemehsadat Pezeshkian, Ali Pouryousef, Mostafa Omidian, Fattaneh Mikaeili, Ali Reza Safarpour, Sara Shojaei-Zarghani, Bahador Sarkari, Payam Behzadi
Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Infectious Disea.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
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Morteza Shams, Ayoub Rashidi, Jasem Mohamadi, Mohamad Moradi, Reza Pakzad, Razi Naserifar, Jahangir Abdi, Fariba Ghelichi, Arezoo Bozorgomid, Nahid Maspi, Azra Kenarkoohi, Yasin Mohammadi, Amir Abdoli, Shahab Falahi
Health Science Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
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Azra Kenarkoohi, Amir Abdoli, Arman Rostamzad, Mahmoud Rashnavadi, Razi Naserifar, Jahangir Abdi, Morteza Shams, Arezoo Bozorgomid, Sepideh Saeb, Dhurgham Al-Fahad, Kosar Khezri, Shahab Falahi, Shibiao Wan
BioMed Research International.2023; 2023: 1. CrossRef
Seroprevalence and risk factors of Toxocara canis infection in children aged 2–15 years from the southwest Iran
Masoud Foroutan, Shahrzad Soltani, Samaneh Bahadoram, Fatemeh Maghsoudi, Naser Kamyari, Shekoufe Haddadi
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectiou.2022; 85: 101801. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of Toxocara spp. in children (3–13 years old) in Zahedan, Southeast of Iran
Alireza Salimi Khorashad, Majid Shahraki, Mansour Rahmati Balaghaleh, Samaneh Abdolahi Khabisi, Sangeetha Rala, Reza Shafiei, Hadi Mirahmadi
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2021; 45(2): 449. CrossRef
The global prevalence of Toxocara spp. in pediatrics: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Behnam Abedi, Mehran Akbari, Sahar KhodaShenas, Alireza Tabibzadeh, Ali Abedi, Reza Ghasemikhah, Marzieh Soheili, Shnoo Bayazidi, Yousef Moradi
Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics.2021; 64(11): 575. CrossRef
Seroprevalence and associated risk factors of toxocariasis among nomads in Boyer-Ahmad County, southwest Iran
Nasir Arefkhah, Mohammad Reza Shadzi, Fattaneh Mikaeili, Bahador Sarkari, Farideh Esfandiari, Fatemeh Goudarzi
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medi.2020; 114(5): 372. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of anti-Toxocara antibody among multiple sclerosis patients: a case–control study
Nastaran Khalili, Neda Khalili, Ali Nickhah, Bahman Khalili
Journal of Parasitic Diseases.2020; 44(1): 145. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of toxocariasis and its related risk factors among municipal street sweepers in Shiraz District in Fars Province, southern Iran
Amirhossein Erfani, Ali Pouryousef, Nasir Arefkhah, Reza Shahriarirad, Mohammad Rastegarian, Ali Zeighami, Fattaneh Mikaeili, Seyed Younes Hosseini, Bahador Sarkari
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2020; 8(2): 643. CrossRef
Toxocara infection: seroprevalence and associated risk factors among primary school children in central China
Shuai Wang, Haoran Li, Zhijun Yao, Pengju Li, Dong Wang, Haizhu Zhang, Qing Xie, Zhenchao Zhang, Xiangrui Li
Parasite.2020; 27: 30. CrossRef
Status of human toxocariasis, a neglected parasitic zoonosis in Iran: a systematic review from past to current
Reza Shafiei, Mohammad T Rahimi, Reza Zolfaghari Emameh, Mehdi Mirzaei, Gregorio Perez-Cordon, Ehsan Ahmadpour
Tropical Doctor.2020; 50(4): 285. CrossRef

Distribution of Antibodies Specific to the 19-kDa and 33-kDa Fragments of Plasmodium vivax Merozoite Surface Protein 1 in Two Pathogenic Strains Infecting Korean Vivax Malaria Patients: Sylvatrie-Danne Dinzouna-Boutamba, Sanghyun Lee, Ui-Han Son, Su-Min Song, Hye Soo Yun, So-Young Joo, Dongmi Kwak, Man Hee Rhee, Dong-Il Chung, Yeonchul Hong, Youn-Kyoung Goo; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(4):213-219. Published online August 31, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.05.006

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Plasmodium vivax merozoite surface protein 1 (PvMSP1) is the most intensively studied malaria vaccine candidate. Although high antibody response-inducing two C-terminal fragments of PvMSP1 (PvMSP1-19 and PvMSP1-42) are currently being developed as candidate malaria vaccine antigens, their high genetic diversity in various isolates is a major hurdle. The sequence polymorphism of PvMSP1 has been investigated; however, the humoral immune responses induced by different portions of this protein have not been evaluated in Korea.
Methods
Two fragments of PvMSP1 were selected for this study: (1) PvMSP1-19, which is genetically conserved; and (2) PvMSP1-33, which corresponds to a variable portion. For the latter, two representative strains, Sal 1 and Belem, were included. Thus, three recombinant proteins, PvMSP1-19, PvMSP1-33 Sal 1, and PvMSP1-33 Belem, were produced in Escherichia coli and then tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays using sera from 221 patients with vivax malaria.
Results
Of the 221 samples, 198, 142, and 106 samples were seropositive for PvMSP1-19, PvMSP1-33 Sal 1, and PvMSP1-33 Belem, respectively. Although 100 samples were simultaneously seropositive for antibodies specific to all the recombinant proteins, 39 and six samples were respectively seropositive for antibodies specific to MSP1-33 Sal 1 and MSP1-33 Belem. Antibodies specific to PvMSP1-19 were the most prevalent.
Conclusion
Monitoring seroprevalence is essential for the selection of promising vaccine candidates as most of the antigenic proteins in P. vivax are highly polymorphic.

Citations

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Plasmodium vivax MSP1-42 kD Variant Proteins Detected Naturally Induced IgG Antibodies in Patients Regardless of the Infecting Parasite Phenotype in Mesoamerica
Lilia Gonzalez-Ceron, Barbara Dema, Olga L. Palomeque-Culebro, Frida Santillan-Valenzuela, Alberto Montoya, Arturo Reyes-Sandoval
Life.2023; 13(3): 704. CrossRef
Spatiotemporal Changes in Plasmodium vivax msp142 Haplotypes in Southern Mexico: From the Control to the Pre-Elimination Phase
Alejandro Flores-Alanis, Lilia González-Cerón, Frida Santillán-Valenzuela, Cecilia Ximenez, Marco A. Sandoval-Bautista, Rene Cerritos
Microorganisms.2022; 10(1): 186. CrossRef
Diversity and natural selection of Merozoite surface Protein-1 in three species of human malaria parasites: Contribution from South-East Asian isolates
Xiang Ting Goh, Yvonne A.L. Lim, Ping Chin Lee, Veeranoot Nissapatorn, Kek Heng Chua
Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology.2021; 244: 111390. CrossRef
Humoral and cellular immune response to Plasmodium vivax VIR recombinant and synthetic antigens in individuals naturally exposed to P. vivax in the Republic of Korea
Sanghyun Lee, Young-Ki Choi, Youn-Kyoung Goo
Malaria Journal.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Study on Seroprevalence and Leptospiral Antibody Distribution among High-risk Planters in Malaysia: J. Mohd Ridzuan, B.D. Aziah, W.M. Zahiruddin; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2016;7(3):168-171. Published online June 30, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2016.04.006

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
To determine the leptospirosis seroprevalence and to identify the predominant infecting serovars among oil palm plantation workers.
Methods
The cross-sectional study involved 350 asymptomatic oil palm plantation workers in Melaka and Johor. A serological test using the microscopic agglutination test was conducted in the Institute of Medical Research with a cut-off titre for seropositivity of ≥1:100.
Results
The overall seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies was 28.6%. The job category with the highest seroprevalence was the fruit collector with 59.2%. The predominant serovar identified was serovar Sarawak (Lepto 175) (62%).
Conclusion
A high seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies was detected among oil palm plantation workers and specifically among fruit collectors. The predominant infecting serovar among the workers was serovar Sarawak (Lepto 175). The findings suggest that more studies are needed to determine the reasons for the high seroprevalence and the transmission and pathogenicity of the local serovar Sarawak (Lepto 175).

Citations

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Leptospirosis in Vietnam
N. K. Tokarevich, O. V. Blinova
Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity.2022; 12(6): 1019. CrossRef
Seroprevalence and serovar distribution of Leptospirosis among healthy people in Vietnam: Results from a multi-center study
Van Dinh Tran, Le Thi Phuong Mai, Nguyen Thi Thu, Bui Kim Linh, Phan Dang Than, Nguyen Tu Quyet, Luu Phuong Dung, Tran Ngoc Phuong Mai, Nguyen Thi My Hanh, Hoang Hai, Tran Nhu Duong, Dang Duc Anh
Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health.2021; 10: 100700. CrossRef
Cross-sectional survey for sheep leptospirosis in the northeast region of Brazil
José Dêvede da Silva, Maira Porto Viana, Lucas Gonzales Lima Pereira Calado, Ana Milena César Lima, Francisco Selmo Fernandes Alves, Raimundo Rizaldo Pinheiro, Diego Figueiredo da Costa, Glaucenyra Cecília Pinheiro da Silva, Sérgio Santos de Azevedo, Cleb
Preventive Veterinary Medicine.2021; 197: 105525. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of leptospirosis in an endemic mixed urban and semi-urban setting—A community-based study in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka
Senaka Rajapakse, Praveen N. Weeratunga, Krishan Balaji, Kyra Charmaine Ramchandani, Udani Savbhagya de Silva, Shenali Avishka Ranasinghe, Dinesh Gunarathne, Pasindu P. B. Wijerathne, Narmada Fernando, Shiroma M. Handunnetti, Sumadhya Deepika Fernando, Me
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2020; 14(5): e0008309. CrossRef
An historical view of the experimental leptospiral infection in ruminants
Bruno Ribeiro Rocha, Gabriel Martins, Walter Lilenbaum
Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectiou.2020; 73: 101532. CrossRef
Detection of Leptospira kmetyi at recreational areas in Peninsular Malaysia
Aznida Mohamad Zaki, Rozita Hod, Nadia Aqilla Shamsusah, Zaleha Md Isa, Siti Khairani Bejo, Hani Kartini Agustar
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
High incidence of asymptomatic leptospirosis among urban sanitation workers from Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysian Borneo
Mohammad Saffree Jeffree, Daisuke Mori, Nur Athirah Yusof, Azman Bin Atil, Khamisah Awang Lukman, Rafidah Othman, Mohd Rohaizat Hassan, Lela Suut, Kamruddin Ahmed
Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub] CrossRef
Association of rodent-borne Leptospira spp. with urban environments in Malaysian Borneo
Kim R. Blasdell, Serge Morand, David Perera, Cadhla Firth, Mathieu Picardeau
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases.2019; 13(2): e0007141. CrossRef
Seroprevalence of leptospiral antibodies among market workers and food handlers in the central state of Malaysia
S. Samsudin, S. N. S. Sakinah, O. Malina, B. A. Norliza, M. A. Noh, A. Fairuz, T. Z. M. T. Jamaluddin, R. A. Hamat, W. M. Zahiruddin, S. Mohd Nazri, S. Sukeri, B. D. Aziah, I. Zawaha, A. W. Zainudin, N. A. Munirah, M. N. Desa, V. Neela, S. N. Masri
Tropical Medicine & International Health.2018; 23(3): 327. CrossRef
Seroprevalence and distribution of leptospirosis serovars among wet market workers in northeastern, Malaysia: a cross sectional study
Mas Harithulfadhli Agus Ab Rahman, Suhaily Mohd Hairon, Rukman Awang Hamat, Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku Jamaluddin, Mohd Nazri Shafei, Norazlin Idris, Malina Osman, Surianti Sukeri, Zainudin A. Wahab, Wan Mohd Zahiruddin Wan Mohammad, Zawaha Idris, Aziah
BMC Infectious Diseases.2018;[Epub] CrossRef
Chronic experimental genital leptospirosis with autochthonous Leptospira santarosai strains of serogroup Sejroe
Bruno Ribeiro Rocha, Mário Balaro, Paulo Victor Pereira, Gabriel Martins, Walter Lilenbaum
Small Ruminant Research.2018; 164: 28. CrossRef
Occurrence of Leptospira Species from Rodents, Soil and Water from an Oil Palm Plantation in Northern Sarawak
Lesley Maurice Bilung, Chai Fung Pui, Ahmad Syatir Tahar, Kasing Apun, Lela Su`ut, Yee Ling Chong, Jayasilan Mohd-Azlan
Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances.2018; 13(4): 332. CrossRef

Estimation of HIV Seroprevalence in Colorectal Hospitals by Questionnaire Survey in Korea, 2002–2007: Mee-Kyung Kee, Do Yeon Hwang, Jong Kyun Lee, Seung Hyun Kim, Chaeshin Chu, Jin-Hee Lee, Sung Soon Kim; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2011;2(2):104-108. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2011.08.002

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The incidence of anal disease is higher among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection than among the general population. We surveyed the status of seroprevalence in colorectal hospitals in Korea.
Methods
The survey was conducted in colorectal hospitals in Korea from November to December 2008. The questionnaire was comprised of six topics about the status of HIV testing in colorectal hospitals. We gathered the data by website (http://hivqa.nih.go.kr/risk) or fax.
Results
Among 774 colorectal hospitals contacted, 109 (14%) hospitals participated in the survey. Among these, 48 hospitals (44%) performed HIV tests in their own hospitals and 11 (23%) took HIV testing by rapid method. The main reason for recommending an HIV test was surgical operation (54%) followed by endoscope (11%) and health checkup (9%). The annual number of HIV tests increased from 58,647 (at 21 hospitals) in 2002 to 246,709 (at 58 hospitals) in 2007. HIV seroprevalence was >3.0 per 10,000 individuals during 2002–2005, decreased to 2.2 per 10,000 individuals in 2006 and rose to 2.8 per 10,000 individuals in 2007.
Conclusions
HIV seroprevalence of colorectal hospitals was more than twice that of general hospitals in Korea. HIV surveillance systems based on colorectal hospitals for HIV/AIDS transmission prevention by early HIV diagnosis are needed.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Discrimination and Stigma
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2015; 6(3): 141. CrossRef
Hospital-based HIV/HSV-2 seroprevalence among male patients with anal disease in Korea: cross sectional study
Jin-Sook Wang, Do Yeon Hwang, Hye-Kyung Yu, Sung Soon Kim, Jong Kyun Lee, Mee-Kyung Kee
BMC Infectious Diseases.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
Years of Epidemics (2009–2011): Pandemic Influenza and Foot-and-Mouth Disease Epidemic in Korea
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(3): 125. CrossRef
What is Next for HIV/AIDS in Korea?
Hae-Wol Cho, Chaeshin Chu
Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives.2013; 4(6): 291. CrossRef

Seroprevalence of Hepatitis A and E Viruses Based on the Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey in Korea: Haesun Yun, Hyeok-Jin Lee, Doosung Cheon, Chaeshin Chu, Kyung Won Oh, Young Taek Kim, Youngmee Jee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2011;2(1):46-50. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2011.04.009

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7 Crossref

Abstract PDF

Objectives
The purpose of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Korea during 2005.
Methods
Study subjects were selected from across Korea using a stratified multistage probability sampling design, and HAV and HEV seroprevalence was compared on the basis of sex, age, and residency. A total of 497 rural and urban people aged 10–99 years of age (mean ± SD age = 28.87 ± 17.63 years) were selected by two-stage cluster sampling and tested serologically for anti-HAV and anti-HEV IgG using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
Results
Among this population, the overall seroprevalence of HAV was 63.80% (55.21% aged in their 20s and 95.92% in their 30s, p < 0.01) and that of HEV was 9.40% (5.21% aged in their 20s and 7.14% in their 30s, p < 0.01). Seroprevalence also varied according to area of residence. HEV prevalence in rural areas was higher than that of urban regions based on the anti-HEV antibody, odds ratio 3.22 (95% confidence interval: 1.46–7.10, p < 0.01). There were no significant differences between male and female against anti-HAV/HEV antibodies.
Conclusion
Our study suggested that the seropositive rates of HAV and HEV might be related to age and environmental conditions.

Citations

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Factors associated with anti-hepatitis A virus immunoglobulin G seropositivity among Korean workers: a cross-sectional study
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BMJ Open.2020; 10(6): e036727. CrossRef
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Hepatitis E virus exposure in pregnant women in rural Durango, Mexico
Cosme Alvarado-Esquivel, Luis F. Sánchez-Anguiano, Jesús Hernández-Tinoco
Annals of Hepatology.2014; 13(5): 510. CrossRef
Epidemiologic Study on Hepatitis A Virus Seroprevalence in Busan
Kyung-Soon Cho, So-Hyun Park
Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2014; 46(1): 17. CrossRef
A Systematic Review of Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Children
V. P. Verghese, J. L. Robinson
Clinical Infectious Diseases.2014; 59(5): 689. CrossRef
Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Seroprevalence in the general population of the Republic of Korea in 2007–2009: a nationwide cross-sectional study
Youngsil Yoon, Hye Sook Jeong, Haesun Yun, Hyeokjin Lee, Yoo-Sung Hwang, Bohyun Park, Chae Jin Lee, Sangwon Lee, Ji-Yeon Hyeon
BMC Infectious Diseases.2014;[Epub] CrossRef
The Road Less Traveled
Chaeshin Chu
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