Osong Public Health and Research Perspectives

Review Article

Psychiatric adverse events associated with the COVID-19 vaccines approved in the Republic of Korea: a systematic review: Seungeun Ryoo, Miyoung Choi, Nam-Kyong Choi, Hyoung-Shik Shin, Jun Hee Woo, Byung-Joo Park, Sanghoon Oh; Received October 31, 2023 Accepted January 16, 2024 Published online March 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0325 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF: This systematic review evaluated psychiatric adverse events (AEs) following vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We included studies that reported or investigated psychiatric AEs in individuals who had received an approved COVID-19 vaccine in the Republic of Korea. Systematic electronic searches of Ovid-Medline, Embase, CENTRAL, and KoreaMed databases were conducted on March 22, 2023. Risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias Assessment Tool for Non-randomized Studies 2.0. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023449422). Of the 301 articles initially selected, 7 were included in the final analysis. All studies reported on sleep disturbances, and 2 highlighted anxiety-related AEs. Sleep disorders like insomnia and narcolepsy were the most prevalent AEs, while depression was not reported. Our review suggests that these AEs may have been influenced by biological mechanisms as well as the broader psychosocial context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Although this study had limitations, such as a primary focus on the BNT162b2 vaccine and an observational study design, it offered a systematic, multi-vaccine analysis that fills a critical gap in the existing literature. This review underscores the need for continued surveillance of psychiatric AEs and guides future research to investigate underlying mechanisms, identify risk factors, and inform clinical management.

Original Articles

Mental health and its determinants among adolescents living in families with separated or divorced parents in an urban area of Vietnam: Binh Thang Tran, Minh Tu Nguyen, Minh Tam Nguyen, Thanh Gia Nguyen, Vo Nu Hong Duc, Thi Tra My Tran; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2023;14(4):300-311. Published online August 9, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2023.0110

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Graphical Abstract Abstract PDF: Objectives
We assessed the prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among adolescents living in families with separated or divorced parents in Hue City, Vietnam and identified factors associated with these conditions.
Methods
This cross-sectional study enrolled 309 adolescents, aged 12 to 17 years, living in families with separated or divorced parents in Hue City, Vietnam. The depression anxiety stress scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to measure stress, anxiety, and depression. Predictors of overall and individual mental health problems were identified using ordered and binary logistic regression, respectively.
Results
The DASS-21 scale revealed a 49.2% prevalence of stress, while anxiety and depression had s prevalence rates of 61.5%. Among participants, 42.4% experienced all 3 mental health issues. Several factors were identified as significant predictors of mental health problems, including poor to average economic status (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 2.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–3.31; p=0.007); being in high school (aOR, 5.02; 95% CI, 2.93–8.60; p<0.001); maternal occupation of teacher, healthcare professional, or official (aOR, 2.39; 95% CI, 1.13–5.03; p=0.022); longer duration of family separation or divorce (aOR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.05–1.45; p=0.009); living with one’s mother (aOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.03–2.76; p=0.04); alcohol consumption (aOR, 1.70; 95% CI, 0.99–2.92; p=0.050); and being bullied (aOR, 5.33; 95% CI, 1.10–25.69; p=0.037). Most of these factors were associated with stress, anxiety, and depression. Additionally, smoking was associated with stress.
Conclusion
Adolescents with separated or divorced parents were at increased risk of stress, anxiety, and depression. The findings of this study provide important implications for prevention programs.

Generalized anxiety and sleep quality among health care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary healthcare institution in Eastern India: Bijaya Nanda Naik, Sanjay Pandey, Rajath Rao, Manisha Verma, Prashant Kumar Singh; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2022;13(1):51-61. Published online February 8, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2021.0316

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
With the emergence of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, healthcare professionals (HCPs) have experienced high levels of stress and anxiety because of the high risk of infection for themselves and their families. This has led to acute sleep problems for HCP. This study was designed to assess the anxiety and sleep quality of HCPs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 370 HCPs employed at All India Institute of Medical Sciences Patna over 3 months, using the standard Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale (GAD-7) for suspected GAD and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index for sleep quality. Results were tabulated and multivariable binomial logistic regression analysis was done to determine the predictors of poor sleep. Significance was attributed to p<0.05. Results: Of the 370 HCPs screened, 52 (14.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 10.8%–18.1%) were found to have GAD and 195 (52.7%; 95% CI, 47.5%–57.9%) were found to be poor sleepers. The presence of any addictive habit (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.833; 95% CI, 1.12–2.8), unprotected contact with COVID-19 cases (AOR, 1.902; 95% CI, 1.1–3.3), and the presence of GAD (AOR, 5.57; 95% CI, 2.5–12.4) were found to be predictors of poor sleep quality among HCPs. Conclusion: A significant proportion of HCPs were found to have suspected GAD and were poor sleepers. This highlights the need for measures to confront this problem.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

COVID-19 Pandemic and Challenges Faced by Healthcare Professionals in India
Shibajee Debbarma
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Comparison of General Anxiety among Healthcare Professionals before and after COVID-19 Vaccination
Zohair Badami, Hareem Mustafa, Afsheen Maqsood, Soha Aijaz, Sara Altamash, Abhishek Lal, Sara Saeed, Naseer Ahmed, Rahima Yousofi, Artak Heboyan, Mohmed Karobari
Vaccines.2022; 10(12): 2076. CrossRef

Prevalence of Internet Addiction, Poor Sleep Quality, and Depressive Symptoms Among Medical Students: A Cross-Sectional Study: Aanchal Anant Awasthi, Neha Taneja, Sonam Maheshwari, Trisha Gupta, Bhavika; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2020;11(5):303-308. Published online October 22, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.24171/j.phrp.2020.11.5.06

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Abstract PDF

Objectives

This objective of the study was to report the prevalence of internet addiction, sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and stress in undergraduate medical students.

Methods

A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted among 221 undergraduate medical students at Government Doon Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand. Data pertaining to internet addiction, sleep quality, and depressive symptoms were also collected using validated and reliable questionnaires (Young Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale 21).

Results

The prevalence of poor sleep quality, severe anxiety, and severe depression was 33.9%, 7.3% and 3.6%, respectively. The place of residence was significantly associated (p = 0.006) with internet addiction. The mean Young Internet Addiction Test score was higher in students residing in hostels compared with students staying with families. Stress was associated with age. The mean stress score was higher in the age group 17–20 compared with the 21–24 age group. Stress and depression were independent predictors of sleep quality.

Conclusion

Quality sleep is the key for good health. Based on limited samples, this study showed that poor sleep quality was associated with stress and depression. Hence, continuous counselling is suggested for supporting students managing their stress and depression.

Citations

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Validation of the Amharic version of Internet Addiction Test-20: a cross-sectional study
Nekatbeb Feleke, Awoke Mihretu, Kassahun Habtamu, Beakal Amare, Solomon Teferra
Frontiers in Psychiatry.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Prevalence of internet addiction and its relationship with insomnia, depression, anxiety, and stress among medical students of a tertiary care medical institute of Eastern India
Shreya Rani, Niska Sinha, Rajesh Kumar
Industrial Psychiatry Journal.2024; 33(1): 94. CrossRef
Associations Between Problematic Internet Use and Mental Health Outcomes of Students: A Meta-analytic Review
Zhihui Cai, Peipei Mao, Zhikeng Wang, Dandan Wang, Jinbo He, Xitao Fan
Adolescent Research Review.2023; 8(1): 45. CrossRef
The Worldwide Prevalence of Sleep Problems Among Medical Students by Problem, Country, and COVID-19 Status: a Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Meta-regression of 109 Studies Involving 59427 Participants
Mohammed A. Binjabr, Idrees S. Alalawi, Rayan A. Alzahrani, Othub S. Albalawi, Rakan H. Hamzah, Yazed S. Ibrahim, Fatima Buali, Mariwan Husni, Ahmed S. BaHammam, Michael V. Vitiello, Haitham Jahrami
Current Sleep Medicine Reports.2023; 9(3): 161. CrossRef
Perfect people, happier lives? When the quest for perfection compromises happiness: the roles played by substance use and internet addiction
Alexandra Maftei, Cristian Opariuc-Dan
Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention on Prevention of health problems due to Internet addiction among students of selected college of New Delhi
Jyoti Shukla, Harindarjeet Goyal, Mitali Biswas
International Journal of Nursing Education and Res.2023; : 309. CrossRef
Internet Addiction Among Undergraduate Students: Effect on Eating Behaviours and Sleep Quality
Nur Adila Zulhizam, Divya Vanoh, Nur Syakirah Arissa Mohd Salleh
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Mezna A. AlMarzooqi, Omar A. Alhaj, Maha M. Alrasheed, Mai Helmy, Khaled Trabelsi, Ahmed Ebrahim, Suhaib Hattab, Haitham A. Jahrami, Helmi Ben Saad
Healthcare.2022; 10(2): 257. CrossRef
Sleep Quality, Wellbeing and Happiness in Medical Undergraduates in Western India
Anant S Kukade, Monali Devaraj Mathad, Rajesh Sasidharan K
National Journal of Community Medicine.2022; 13(05): 298. CrossRef
Investigating Internet Addiction and Sleep Quality Correlation Among Students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in 2021
Mohammad Javad Tarrahi, Mahdi Rezaei Kahkha Zhaleh
Health Scope.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Mental problems and risk factors for depression among medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
Keerati Pattanaseri, Wanlop Atsariyasing, Chanvit Pornnoppadol, Naratip Sanguanpanich, Maytinee Srifuengfung
Medicine.2022; 101(38): e30629. CrossRef
Prevalence of internet addiction among college students in the Indian setting: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Jaison Joseph, Abin Varghese, Vijay VR, Manju Dhandapani, Sandeep Grover, Suresh Sharma, Deepika Khakha, Sucheta Mann, Biji P Varkey
General Psychiatry.2021; 34(4): e100496. CrossRef

Dental Procedures, Oral Practices, and Associated Anxiety: A Study on Late-teenagers: Rahul Bhola, Reema Malhotra; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(4):219-232. Published online August 31, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.06.007

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The study aims to determine the degree of anxiety pertaining to dental procedures and various oral hygiene practices among college teenagers.
Methods
Corah's Modified Dental Anxiety Scale was administered on a randomly chosen sample of 100 Indian college students (50 males and 50 females) of Delhi University, belonging to the age group of 17–20 years.
Results
Descriptive statistical computations revealed 12.14 years as the mean age of first dental visit, with moderately high levels of anxiety (60.75%) for various dental procedures among the Indian teenagers and 5% lying in the “phobic or extremely anxious” category. With merely 4.16% people going for regular consultations, general check-ups evoked 78.3% anxiety and having an injection or a tooth removed was perceived as the most threatening. The sample subgroup not using mouthwash and mouthspray, smokers, and alcohol drinkers with improper oral hygiene practices experienced much higher anxiety towards routine dental procedures.
Conclusion
The majority of the Indian youngsters had an evasive attitude of delaying dental treatment. The core problems lay in deficient health care knowledge, lack of patient-sensitive pedagogy to train dental professionals, inaccessibility of services, and a dismissive attitude towards medical help. The feelings of fear and anxiety prevalent among the Indian youth offer significant insights into causes and preventive measures for future research and practice. Methods of education and motivation could be developed to dissipate the anxiety amongst Indian teenagers that prevent routine dental visits and maintenance of adequate oral hygiene.

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EFFECT OF DENTAL ANXIETY ON ORAL HEALTH VALUE AMONG PROFESSIONAL ADULTS - A CORRELATIONAL STUDY
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Christian H. Winkler, Monika Bjelopavlovic, Karl M. Lehmann, Katja Petrowski, Lisa Irmscher, Hendrik Berth
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Estimating the Need for Sedation in Patients with Dental Anxiety and Medical Complexities Reporting to Tertiary Care Dental Hospital Using the IOSN Tool
Beenish Abbas, Ayesha Maqsood, Syeda Rabia Rahat Geelani, Madeeha Sattar, Majida Rahim, Zohaib Khurshid, Sivakumar Nuvvula
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Hira Abbasi, Muhammad Saqib, Rizwan Jouhar, Abhishek Lal, Naseer Ahmed, Muhammad Adeel Ahmed, Mohammad Khursheed Alam, Jes s L pez Herce
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LEVEL OF DENTAL EDUCATION AT STUDENTS OF G. N. NOVGOROD
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Exposure–Response Relationship Between Aircraft Noise and Sleep Quality: A Community-based Cross-sectional Study: Soo Jeong Kim, Sang Kug Chai, Keou Won Lee, Jae-Beom Park, Kyoung-Bok Min, Hyun Gwon Kil, Chan Lee, Kyung Jong Lee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(2):108-114. Published online April 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2014.03.004

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
Exposure to aircraft noise has been shown to have adverse health effects, causing annoyance and affecting the health-related quality of life, sleep, and mental states of those exposed to it. This study aimed to determine sleep quality in participants residing near an airfield and to evaluate the relationship between the levels of aircraft noise and sleep quality.
Methods
Neighboring regions of a military airfield were divided into three groups: a high exposure group, a low exposure group, and a control group. A total of 1082 participants (aged 30–79 years) completed a comprehensive self-administered questionnaire requesting information about demographics, medical history, lifestyle, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.
Results
Of the 1082 participants, 1005 qualified for this study. The prevalence of sleep disturbance was 45.5% in the control group, 71.8% in the low exposure group, and 77.1% in the high exposure group (p for trend < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounding factors, we determined the exposure–response relationship between the degree of aircraft noise and sleep quality. Of the participants with a normal mental status, the prevalence of sleep disturbance was 2.61-fold higher in the low exposure group and 3.52-fold higher in the high exposure group than in the control group.
Conclusion
The relationship between aircraft noise and health should be further evaluated through a large-scale follow-up study.

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Ashok Vaidya, Sharvari R Desai, Rama A Vaidya, Shobha A Udipi, Pallavi S Ullal, Sangeeta A Chokhani, Abha Dharam Pal
Indian Journal of Sleep Medicine.2021; 16(2): 33. CrossRef
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Ali-Mohamed Nassur, Damien Léger, Marie Lefèvre, Maxime Elbaz, Fanny Mietlicki, Philippe Nguyen, Carlos Ribeiro, Matthieu Sineau, Bernard Laumon, Anne-Sophie Evrard
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Community-Based Risk Communication Survey: Risk Prevention Behaviors in Communities during the H1N1 crisis, 2010: Soo Jeong Kim, Jin A. Han, Tae-Yong Lee, Tae-Yoon Hwang, Keun-Sang Kwon, Ki Soo Park, Kyung Jong Lee, Moon Shik Kim, Soon Young Lee; Osong Public Health Res Perspect. 2014;5(1):9-19. Published online February 28, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrp.2013.12.001

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Abstract PDF

Objectives
The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with H1N1 preventive behaviors in a community-based population.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in three urban and two rural communities in Korea. Interviews were conducted with 3462 individuals (1608 men and 1854 women) aged ≥ 19 years during February–March 2010. Influenza-related information including anxiety, preventive behaviors and their perceived effectiveness, vaccination status, past influenza-like illness symptoms, and sources of and trust in information was obtained.
Results
Among 3462 participants, 173 reported experiencing influenza-like illness symptoms within the past 12 months. The mean H1N1 preventive behavior score was 25.5 ± 5.5 (out of a possible 40). The percent of participants reporting high perceived effectiveness and high anxiety was 46.2% and 21.4%, respectively. After controlling for potential confounders, H1N1 preventive behavior scores were predicted by a high (β = 3.577, p < 0.001) or moderate (β = 2.529, p < 0.001) perception of their effectiveness. Similarly, moderate (β = 1.516, p < 0.001) and high (β = 4.103, p < 0.001) anxiety scores predicted high preventive behavior scores.
Conclusion
Effective methods of promoting population behavior change may be nationwide campaigns through mass media, as well as education and promotion by health care providers and broadcasters.

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Epidemiology and Health.2016; : e2016051. CrossRef

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